scholarly journals Descending necrotizing mediastinitis

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 677-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlado Cvijanovic ◽  
Vojkan Stanic ◽  
Aleksandar Ristanovic ◽  
Bojan Gulic ◽  
Savo Durkovic ◽  
...  

Background: Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is an acute, serious, septic disease which results from a complication of oropharyngeal infection. The disease requires a prompt diagnosis and radical surgical treatment to reduce high mortality (40%). The optimal form of mediastinal drainage remains controversial. The reason for publishing this report is both the fact that DNM is very rare and our experience preferring thoracotomy as an optimal approach to treating the disease. Case report. We reported a 34-years-old woman with DNM. The disease began as a peritonsillar abscess. After a bilateral double pleural drainage the disease worsened. In order to achieve radical mediastinal debridement and drainage, we carried out posterolateral right thoracotomy. We also had to perform left thoracotomy because of massive bleeding caused by septic erosion. There were no more reoperations. Conclusion. Aggressive surgical treatment, regardless the localization and the extent of changes is the key to success in the treatment of patients with necrotizing mediastinitis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e242468
Author(s):  
Dilpat Kumar ◽  
Wasif Elahi Shamsi ◽  
Thales Gomes ◽  
FNU Warsha

Lemierre syndrome (LS) is an acute oropharyngeal infection with secondary septic thrombophlebitis and distant septic embolisation. A 29-year-old woman with sore throat, dyspnoea and left shoulder pain, who was on levofloxacin for 3 days, presented with worsening symptoms. She was tachycardic, tachypneic and hypoxic on presentation. CT of neck and chest revealed multiple loculated abscesses on her left lower neck and shoulder, right peritonsillar abscess, thrombosis of the right external jugular vein and multiple bilateral septic emboli to the lungs. She was started on clindamycin and ampicillin sulbactam for LS. She developed septic shock and required intubation due to respiratory failure. Drainage of the left shoulder abscess grew Fusobacterium nucleatum. After 2 weeks of a complicated intensive care unit stay, her haemodynamic status improved and she was transferred to the floor. LS has variable presentations, but regardless of the presentation, it is a potentially fatal disease-requiring prompt diagnosis and management.


2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Fukuchi ◽  
Okihide Suzuki ◽  
Daisuke Nasu ◽  
Kazue Koizumi ◽  
Yu Muta ◽  
...  

Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a rare condition in which oropharyngeal infection spreads to the mediastinum via the cervical fascia. Delayed diagnosis and surgery result in a high mortality rate among patients with DNM. We present a case of DNM resulting from odontogenic infection treated successfully with tooth extraction following mediastinal and cervical drainage. A 43-year-old, previously healthy Japanese man was admitted to our hospital for treatment of acute mediastinitis. Computed tomography revealed gas collection around the mid-thoracic esophagus and bilateral pleural effusion. We performed mediastinal drainage via right thoracotomy. Cervicotomy was performed on postoperative day 14 to drain a residual cervical abscess. The patient required the extraction of ten teeth over three procedures to address primary odontogenic infection before his fever resolved on postoperative day 40. Prompt diagnosis, aggressive drainage and removal of the source of infection can improve survival among patients with this life-threatening disease.


2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ričardas Janilionis ◽  
Žymantas Jagelavičius ◽  
Pavel Petrik ◽  
Gintaras Kiškis ◽  
Vytautas Jovaišas ◽  
...  

Objectives. Descending necrotizing mediastinitis is a severe infection spreading from the cervical region to the mediastinum. Since this pathology is uncom­mon, only a few reports of large series of patients with descending nec­rotizing mediastinitis have been published. The present aim was to eval­uate our treat­ment strategy and survival for this disease by a retrospective chart review. Methods. Retrospective analysis of 45 cases with descending necrotizing mediastinitis was performed between 2002 and 2011. The mean age was 55.3 ± 15.4 years. The primary oropharyngeal infection was found in 16 (35.6%), an odontogenic abscess in 17 (37.7%) and other causes in 12 (26.7%) patients. Endo type I mediastinitis was assessed in 25 (56%) patients, Endo type IIA in 10 (22%) and Endo type IIB in 10 (22%) patients. Broad spectrum antibiotics were administered empirically and surgical treatment consisting of cervical drainage, thoracotomy with radical surgical debridement of the mediastinum and placement of permanent mediastinal irrigation were performed in all the cases. Results. Collar incision and drainage only were performed in 16 (35.6%) patients, whereas only transthoracic approach was used in five cases (11%). In the remaining 24 (53.4%) patients cervical drainage and thoracic operation were performed. Fifteen patients had severe complications: septic shock, multiple organ failure and haemorrhage from mediastinal vessels. The median hospital stay was 21  days. The outcome was favourable in 35 patients. Ten patients died (overall mortality 22.2%). There was a negative correlation between the time from the onset of symptoms till the first admittance to hospital and hospitalization time (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.357, p = 0.016). That allows us to suggest that time of illness spent at home without appropriate treatment plays a crucial role on the survival. It was found that younger age, Endo type I, negative bacterial culture and longer hospital stay are true precursors of favourable outcome. Conclusions. For descending necrotizing mediastinitis limited to the upper part of the mediastinum a transcervical approach and drainage may be sufficient. However, in advanced cases an immediate and more aggressive surgical approach is required to combat a much higher morbidity and mortality in this subset of patients.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Gonlugur ◽  
Oguz Guclu ◽  
Ozan Karatag ◽  
Arzu Mirici ◽  
Sefa Derekoy

We report a case of potentially fatal cervical necrotizing fasciitis and descending necrotizing mediastinitis due to deep neck infection in a 66-year-old male patient with no history or evidence of immunocompromising disorders. On admission, he had painful neck movements and the skin over his neck was red, hot and tender. A computerized tomography (CT) scan of his neck and chest showed evidence of air collection in soft tissues. He was treated with broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics and early massive cervical drainage. Prompt diagnosis by CT of the neck and chest enabled an early surgical treatment of cervical necrotizing fasciitis. Although acute mediastinitis is a fatal infection involving the connective tissues that fill the interpleural spaces and surround the median thoracic organs, an extensive cervicotomy combined with appropriate antibiotics can prevent the need for mediastinal drainage.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Michos Thrasyvoulos ◽  
Michos Thrasyvoulos ◽  
Stamatelopoulos Athanasios ◽  
Roumpaki Anastasia ◽  
Vakouftsi Alexia- Christina ◽  
...  

Introduction: Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis (DNM) is the fatal form of mediastinitis and mostly develops as a complication of peritonsillar abscesses or dental- odontogenic infections. The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical and surgical feature of the patients with DNM who were managed in our Department during the period of general lockdown in Greece, between March 2020 and June 2020, because of the Covid19. Patients and Methods: During the period of general lockdown in Greece, 4 patients, mean age 46, 25 years (range 39-59), with DNM treated to our Department of General Thoracic Surgery. Primary odontogenic abscess occurred to 2 patients and peritonsillar abscess to other 2 of them. Diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography (CT) of the neck and chest. All patients underwent surgical drainage of abscesses of the involved cervical region and mediastinum by lateral cervicotomy and left thoracotomy in three of them and cervicotomy, and bilateral thoracotomy in one patient. Results: The delay between the occurrence of thoracic symptoms and mediastinal drainage varied from 1 to 3 days. The side of the thoracotomy depended on the involved mediastinal compartments and side of pleural effusion. The duration of mediastinal drainage varied from 12 to 20 days (mean: 17 days). One patient died of multiorgan failure related to post-op septic shock. Conclusion: Between January 2000 and January 2020, 21 patients with DNM were treated at our Department, whilst during the four - month of lockdown, four patients were treated. We concluded that the patients delay for dentistry recourse because of covid-19, result in the increased number of patients with DNM in the above period. Delayed diagnosis and inadequate drainage are the main causes of the high mortality rate of DNM. If one realistically hopes to avoid the high mortality rate, aggressive surgical drainage and debridement of the neck and drainage of the mediastinum via a posterolateral thoracotomy by a multidisciplinary team of surgeons is a must.


2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
А.С. Векильян

Представлены клинические результаты хирургического лечения доброкачественной гиперплазии предстательной железы (ДГПЖ) объемом до 100 см3 методом биполярной трансуретральной резекции простаты (БТУР -74 пациента) в сравнении с открытой чреспузырной простатэктомией (ОПЭ - 96 пациентов), ранее применявшейся для подобных клинических случаев в урологической клинике "Железнодорожной больницы" г. Волгоград. При статистически равном операционном времени обоих хирургических методов для БТУР отмечено существенное снижение интраоперационной кровопотери, сроков послеоперационной катетеризации и пребывания в стационаре, минимальная частота геморрагических и инфекционно-воспалительных осложнений. Наблюдение за урологическим статусом пациентов в течение первого послеоперационного года показало одинаковую клиническую эффективность сравниваемых хирургических методов. Значительное снижение объема кровопотери в ходе операции БТУР можно считать большим достижением, поскольку улучшение видимости в зоне хирургического вмешательства позволяет оптимизировать гемостаз, предотвратить массивные кровотечения как во время, так и после операции, сократить сроки послеоперационной катетеризации мочевого пузыря, что в свою очередь, снижает частоту развития инфекционно-воспалительных осложнений. Более быстрое восстановление пациентов после эндоскопических операций имеет медико-социальное и экономическое значение, поскольку минимальное количество послеоперационных осложнений и сокращение сроков госпитализации позволяет существенно снизить затраты на лечение и быстрее нормализовать качество жизни пациентов. Полученные результаты демонстрируют перспективность внедрения биполярных методов эндоскопических операций для лечения ДГПЖ в хирургическую практику урологических стационаров в целях повышения безопасности оперативного лечения и экономии затрат на госпитализацию. The clinical results of surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) up to 100 cm3 by bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (BTUR - 74 patients) in comparison with open transvesical prostatectomy (OPE - 96 patients), previously used for such clinical cases in the urological clinic "Railway hospital" in Volgograd are presented. With statistically equal operating time of both surgical methods, there was a significant decrease in intraoperative blood loss, the terms of postoperative catheterization and hospital stay, the minimum frequency of hemorrhagic and infectious-inflammatory complications. Observation of the urological status of patients during the first postoperative year showed the same clinical efficacy of the compared surgical methods. A significant reduction in the volume of blood loss during the operation, can be considered a great achievement, since the improvement of visibility in the area of surgical intervention allows to optimize the hemostasis, to prevent massive bleeding during and after surgery, to reduce the duration of postoperative bladder catheterization, which, in turn, reduces the incidence of infectious-inflammatory complications. Faster recovery of patients after endoscopic surgery of medical,social and economic importance, as the minimum number of postoperative complications and reduction of hospitalization can significantly reduce the cost of treatment and quickly normalize the quality of life of patients. The results demonstrate the prospects of the introduction of bipolar methods of endoscopic surgery for the treatment of BPH in the surgical practice of urological hospitals in order to improve the safety of surgical treatment and save costs for hospitalization.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Hahn ◽  
Ina Barth ◽  
Marlene C. Wigand ◽  
Benjamin Mayer ◽  
Thomas K. Hoffmann ◽  
...  

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
T. A. Kalitvyanskaya ◽  
Ye. V. Yusoubova ◽  
V. A. Kazakov ◽  
I. V. Soukhodolo ◽  
V. M. Shipoulin

The aim of the study was performing clinical-economic analysis of the assessment methods of morphologic-functional status of left ventricular myocardium in ischemic cardiomyopathy patients. The assessment of expenses of morphologic study methods of before operation and intra-operation diagnosis of myocardial dysfunction irreversibility stage was done. Method of minimizing ex-penses was chosen to analyze these two approaches. Comparative analysis of morphologic methods showed that the most economi-cally profitable is before operation method. The economic assessment was performed for optimization of morphologic studies in the work of cardiovascular surgery department of the Institute of Cardiology, TSC RAMS (Tomsk). The necessity of myocardial dys-function state analysis is due to the selection of optimal approach to surgical treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy patients or re-vealing contraindications to it.


Neurosurgery ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Aesch ◽  
E. Lioret ◽  
B. de Toffol ◽  
M. Jan

Abstract A 25-year-old man was hospitalized after suffering a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Arteriograms disclosed two arteriovenous malformations, one of which was asymptomatic. Rendu-Osler-Weber disease was suspected because of the concomitant existence of cutaneous telangiectases, Review of the literature shows that in 12 previously published cases involving multiple arteriovenous malformations, this diagnosis was established five times. The indications for surgical treatment are discussed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-257
Author(s):  
Kazunori Fujiwara ◽  
Satoshi Koyama ◽  
Takahiro Fukuhara ◽  
Hiromi Takeuchi

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