scholarly journals Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) estimation of prevalence and anatomic characteristics of the sternal body foramen in the population of central Serbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191
Author(s):  
Maja Vulovic ◽  
Ivana Zivanovic-Macuzic ◽  
Dejan Jeremic ◽  
Nela Djonovic ◽  
Aleksandar Radunovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Ethnic Populations ◽  
Frequent Form ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Sternal Foramen

Background/Aim. The most frequent form of sternal defects is a single foramen, usually located at the distal half of the sternal body, with prevalence that varies among different ethnic populations. Clinical importance of these defects arises from various diagnostic and therapeutic sternal treatments and close location of heart, lungs and other vital organs of the chest cavity. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and morphometric characteristics of the sternal midline foramen in the population of central Serbia. Methods. The multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) chest images of 422 patients of both genders were analyzed. The radiological imaging was performed on 64- slice MDCT scanner (Aquilion 64, Toshiba, Japan). All scans were performed in the axial plane, with subsequent multiplanar reconstruction (MPR). Due to the angulation of the sternal body coronal curved-planar, the images were obtained in order to show the whole length of the sternum and the vertical diameter of the sternal foramen. The measurements were done using the commercially available software (Imaging Software ver. 4.1.14.0, Vital-Images). Results. The solitary foramen, located in the distal segment of the sternal body, was detected in 24 patients, representing 5.9% of the observed population with slightly higher prevalence in males. The average size of foramen was 3.9 ? 4.2 mm. The mean distance from the skin was 12.7 ? 3.3 mm, the distance from skin to pericardium was on average 37.3 ? 8.2 mm, while the average distance from skin to pleura was 25 ? 5.9 mm. The average depth of foramen 8.7 ? 2 mm, while the mean distance from the posterior surface of foramen to pericardium was 12.7 ? 9.1 mm. Conclusion. The results presented in this paper confirmed the prevalence of 5.9% regarding the midline sternal foramen in the observed population. Serious complications of the sternal puncture could be prevented by prior MDCT imaging.

scholarly journals Surgical and Postoperative Evaluations of Rectal Adenomas Ecised With a Novel Proctoscope.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Denise Alkmin Lopes Lima ◽  
Rogerio Serafim Parra ◽  
Marley Ribeiro Feitosa ◽  
Omar Féres ◽  
José Joaquim Ribeiro Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Operative Time ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Surgeon Experience ◽  
Average Operative Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Average Size ◽  
High Level ◽  
Complex Methods

Abstract Purpose Many transanal endoscopic surgeries require a high level of technical expertise and surgeon experience. Considering the economic feasibility of material acquisition and the technical feasibility of training and experience with complex methods, a simpler technique with available resources is relevant for the excision of rectal adenomas. This study presents the surgical and postoperative results achieved with a novel proctoscope using the transanal endoscopic technique to excise rectal adenomas. The results are compared to the results obtained with other currently employed transanal techniques. Methods We retrospectively investigated the medical records of patients who underwent transanal endoscopic operations from April 2000 to June 2018 at two tertiary referral centers for colorectal cancer. Results This study included 99 patients. The mean age was 65.3 ± 13.3 years. The average size of the adenomas was 4.6 ± 2.3 cm, and their average distance to the anal border was 5.6 ± 3.3 cm. The average operative time was 65.3 ± 41.7 min. In 48.5% of the operations, the specimen was fragmented, and in 59.6% of the cases, the microscopic margins were free. The rates of postoperative complications and relapse were 5% and 19%, respectively. The mean follow-up was 80 ± 61.5 months. Conclusions The described proctoscope proved to be a viable technique with results similar to other techniques, with the advantage that it allowed greater accessibility for surgeons. Therefore, its use could be implemented and become widespread in surgical practice.

scholarly journals Coccygeal Morphology on Multislice Computed Tomography in a Tertiary Hospital in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatraman Indiran ◽  
Vadivalagianambi Sivakumar ◽  
Prabakaran Maduraimuthu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ethnic Populations ◽  
The Mean

<sec><title>Study Design</title><p>A retrospective, cross-sectional study of 213 patients who presented for abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans to assess coccygeal morphology in the Indian population.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>There have been relatively few studies of coccygeal morphology in the normal population and none in the Indian population. We aimed to estimate coccygeal morphometric parameters in the Indian population.</p></sec><sec><title>Overview of Literature</title><p>Coccygeal morphology has been studied in European, American, Korean, and Egyptian populations, with few differences in morphology among populations.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A retrospective analysis of 213 abdominal CT scans (114 males and 99 females; age, 7–88 years; mean age, 47.3 years) was performed to evaluate the number of coccygeal segments, coccyx type, sacrococcygeal and intercoccygeal fusion and subluxation, coccygeal spicules, sacrococcygeal straight length, and sacrococcygeal and intercoccygeal curvature angles. Results were analyzed for differences in morphology with respect to sex and coccyx type.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Types I and II coccyx were the most common. Most subjects had four coccygeal vertebrae; 93 subjects (43.66%) had partial or complete sacrococcygeal fusion. Intercoccygeal fusion was common, occurring in 193 subjects. Eighteen subjects had coccygeal spicules. The mean coccygeal straight length was 33.8 mm in males and 31.5 mm in females; the mean sacrococcygeal curvature angle was 116.6° in males and 111.6° in females; the mean intercoccygeal curvature angle was 140.94° in males and 145.10° in females.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Type I was the most common coccyx type in our study, as in Egyptian and Western populations. The number of coccygeal vertebrae and prevalence of sacrococcygeal and intercoccygeal fusion in the Indian population were similar to those in the Western population. The mean coccygeal straight length and mean sacrococcygeal curvature angle were higher in males, whereas the intercoccygeal curvature angle was higher in females. Information on similarities and differences in coccygeal morphology between different ethnic populations could be useful in imaging and treating patients presenting with coccydynia.</p></sec>

scholarly journals Evaluation of the size and location of the mental foramen and anterior loop of the lower alveolar nerve in the Brazilian population using cone beam computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e36410817216
Author(s):  
Caroline Chepernate Vieira dos Santos ◽  
Izabella Sol ◽  
Karen Rawen Tonini ◽  
Leda Maria Pescinini Salzedas ◽  
Fernanda Costa Yogui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Anterior Loop ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Size

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the size, shape and location of the mental foramen (MF) and anterior loop (AL) in the Brazilian population through the analysis of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic radiography (PR). Method: We analyzed the location, shape and size of the MF, the distance between the upper wall of the MF and the alveolar crest (AC), the size of the AL and the presence of lingual anastomosis. Results: Fifty PR and CBCT exams were analyzed. In relation to the MF, the most common location was between premolars (56%), the most common shape was the oval shape (83%) and the average size in the PR was 3.63 mm and in the CBCT was3.66 mm. The average distance from the MF to the AC in the PR was 17.29 mm and in the CBCT was 11.48 mm. The average AL size was 3 mm, the smallest being 1 mm and the largest being 5 mm. Static analysis was performed to verify the relationship between the distance from the foramen to the AC with the values ​​that were found in the PR and CBCT, which showed a statistically significant difference (p=<0.001) between them. Lingual anastomosis could be seen in 22% of the analyzed hemimandibles. Conclusion: CBCT is a reliable diagnostic test for planning rehabilitation near the MF. The distance between the implant and the foramen must be analyzed individually.

scholarly journals Study of Mandibular Foramen in Adult Human Mandible Bones: An Osteological Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Gupta ◽  
Gaurav Jung Shah ◽  
Ram Jiban Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Average Distance ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Posterior Border ◽  
Anterior Border ◽  
Mandibular Foramen ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Accurate Position ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mandibular Notch

Introduction: The mandibular foramen is located on the medial surface of the ramus of mandible through which inferior alveolar nerve and vessels pass and supply the lower jaw. For dentists inferior alveolar nerve block is important to anesthetize the lower jaw for conducting various surgical procedures. Aims: To determine the accurate position of mandibular foramen through which inferior alveolar nerve and vessels were passing and supply the lower jaw and its clinical importance. Methods: This study was conducted on 35 dry mandible bones consisting of 70 mandibular foramens of unknown sex. All the important parameters were studied using vernier caliper. Results: The mean distance of mandibular foramen from mandibular notch was 21.00 mm on right side and 20.29 mm on left side, from posterior border was 12.63 mm on right side and 12.37 mm on left side, from angle of mandible was 20.60 mm on right side and 20.46 mm on left side, from base of the mandible was 23.57 mm on right side and 23.6 mm on left side, from anterior border was 16.74 mm on right side and 16.89 mm on left side. Conclusion: The accurate position of mandibular foramen varies. The knowledge of the average distance of mandibular foramen from various landmarks is useful for dental anesthesia and also helps to avoid complications.

scholarly journals Morphometric Analysis of the Mental Foramen Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rudyard dos Santos Oliveira ◽  
Maria Rodrigues Coutinho ◽  
Francine Kühl Panzarella
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Alveolar Crest ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lower Premolar

This study evaluated the effects of age and sex on the location and size of the mental foramen (MF). A total of 104 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from patients’ aged 18–80 years were selected. Images were evaluated using the following parameters: position and size of the MF, and Distances A (distance from the upper limit of the MF to the apex of the first lower premolar), B (distance from the upper cortical border of the MF to the alveolar crest), and C (distance from the border of the MF to the base of the mandible). Results revealed that the location of the MF was predominantly apical (44.4%), between the long axes of the premolars, at an average distance of 4.92 mm from the root of the first lower premolar. The height of the MF was significantly different between both sexes (3.41 and 2.99 mm, resp.; mean height: 3.11 mm; P=0.003). The MF was located on average at 11.21 mm from the alveolar crest and 12.31 mm from the base of the mandible; the former measurement was significantly different between both sexes (13.13 and 11.98 mm, resp.; P≤0.001). In conclusion, the location of the MF was predominantly apical between the long axes of the premolars, and the mean size and distance of the MF were greater in men.

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