Fostering Workplace Learning: Looking through the Lens of Apprenticeship

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Fuller ◽  
Lorna Unwin
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Learning ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Work Organisation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pedagogical Relationships ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Learning Logs ◽  
Employee Learning ◽  
The Relationship

This article argues that researching the lived reality of apprenticeship in contemporary workplaces provides a useful lens through which workplace learning more generally can be examined. Drawing on data from a 3-year study of the social and pedagogical relationships between apprentices and older workers in the English steel industry, the article proposes that, building on Engeström's work, an ‘expansive’ as opposed to a ‘restrictive’ approach to apprenticeship will not only deliver the broader goals being set for apprenticeship programmes around the world, but will also foster workplace learning. The article offers a critique of Lave and Wenger's novice to expert conceptualisation of apprenticeship and, using data from employee learning logs, argues that pedagogical relationships between apprentices and older workers need to be better understood. A conceptual framework for analysing the relationship between organisational culture and history, work organisation, and workplace learning is provided.

Social comparison orientation and mental health: The mediating role of psychological capital

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoliang Yang ◽  
Zhihua Wang ◽  
Weijiong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Comparison Orientation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Little is known about the relationship between social comparison orientation and mental health, especially in the psychological capital context. We proposed a theoretical model to examine the impact of ability- and opinion-based social comparison orientation on mental health using data from 304 undergraduates. We also examined the mediating effect of the four psychological capital components of hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism in the relationship between social comparison orientation and mental health. Results show that an ability (vs. opinion) social comparison orientation was negatively (vs. positively) related to the psychological capital components. Further, the resilience and optimism components of psychological capital fully mediated the social comparison orientation–mental health relationship. Our findings indicate that psychological capital should be considered in the promotion of mental health, and that the two social comparison orientation types have opposite effects on psychological capital.

scholarly journals The Authoritarian Dynamic During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Nationalism and Anti-Immigrant Sentiment

2021 ◽  
pp. 194855062097802
Author(s):  
Todd K. Hartman ◽  
Thomas V. A. Stocks ◽  
Ryan McKay ◽  
Jilly Gibson-Miller ◽  
Liat Levita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Research has demonstrated that situational factors such as perceived threats to the social order activate latent authoritarianism. The deadly COVID-19 pandemic presents a rare opportunity to test whether existential threat stemming from an indiscriminate virus moderates the relationship between authoritarianism and political attitudes toward the nation and out-groups. Using data from two large nationally representative samples of adults in the United Kingdom ( N = 2,025) and Republic of Ireland ( N = 1,041) collected during the initial phases of strict lockdown measures in both countries, we find that the associations between right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and (1) nationalism and (2) anti-immigrant attitudes are conditional on levels of perceived threat. As anxiety about the COVID-19 pandemic increases, so too does the effect of RWA on those political outcomes. Thus, it appears that existential threats to humanity from the COVID-19 pandemic moderate expressions of authoritarianism in society.

Financial Self-Efficacy and the Saving Behavior of JFCP_29_2_A15_357-368-Retirees

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah D. Asebedo ◽  
Martin C. Seay
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Saving Behavior ◽  
Financial Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retirement Study

This study investigates the relationship between financial self-efficacy (FSE) and saving behavior within a sample of 847 U.S. pre-retirees aged 50 to 70 from the Health and Retirement Study. In accordance with the social cognitive theory of self-regulation, results revealed that FSE is positively related to saving behavior after controlling for sociodemographic attributes, financial characteristics, and saving motives. Understanding how FSE contributes to saving behavior is critical as older workers attempt to bridge the retirement saving gap. Financial counselors and planners can help this population save by cultivating and supporting clients’ FSE throughout the financial planning and counseling process.

scholarly journals The Problem of Face recognition in Psychology and Artificial Intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Aminat Vislova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Face Recognition ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Interdisciplinary Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Recognition Systems ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with the problem of face recognition in artificial intelligence (AI) and in psychology. The possibility of using data from the psychology of perception in the interpretation of artificial face recognition systems is analyzed. The emphasis is made on the psychophysiological mechanisms of face recognition / recognition. The available methods for solving the problem in the field of AI, trends in improving face recognition technologies in the context of the digitalization of the social and economic life of society are described. Considering the vast scope of application of face recognition technologies and the insufficient development of the problem of the relationship between AI and psychology in solving this problem, the need for a more detailed study of this phenomenon from an interdisciplinary perspective is stated.

scholarly journals Assessing the Relationship between Social Vulnerability, Social Capital, and Housing Resilience

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7718
Author(s):  
Sebastian Rowan ◽  
Kyle Kwiatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Social Vulnerability Index ◽  
The Social ◽  
Housing Recovery ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Social vulnerability and social capital have been shown to influence how severely communities are impacted by natural hazards and how quickly they recover. Indices exist to quantify these factors using publicly available data; however, more empirical research is needed to validate these indices and support their use in pre-disaster planning and decision making. Using data from the Federal Emergency Management Agency and data gathered through imagery analysis in Google Earth, this study evaluates the effectiveness of two indices of social vulnerability and social capital to predict housing impacts and rates of recovery in Florida and Puerto Rico following Hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017. We found the social vulnerability index to be statistically significant in explaining the variation of housing impacts in both case studies, with varying results for the sub-indices of social vulnerability. Results for the social capital index were mixed between the case studies, and we found no statistically significant relationship between any of the indices and rates of housing recovery. Our results show that indices such as these can be useful, with an awareness of limitations, for researchers and emergency practitioners, and additional empirical analysis is needed to more fully support their efficacy for resilience assessment.

scholarly journals Attitudes towards science among Spanish citizens: The case of critical engagers

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 690-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montaña Cámara ◽  
Ana Muñoz van den Eynde ◽  
José A. López Cerezo
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
Political Value ◽  
The Relationship

Using data obtained from Spanish surveys on the public perception of science, this article presents a critical review of current practices of population profile segmentation, including the one-dimensional representation of perceived risks and benefits and of the systematic underestimation of critical attitudes to the social impact of science and technology. We use discriminant analysis to detect a somewhat hidden cluster in the Spanish population which we call ‘critical engagers’. These individuals are critically and socially responsible and are not reticent about expressing concern regarding scientific-technological change. While they hold an overall positive attitude towards change of this kind, they are at the same time well aware of the risks posed by particular fields of application. We highlight the academic interest and political value of these individuals, attributing to this population a mature and intelligent stance which may well be employed in enhancing the relationship between science and society.

Socioeconomic Position and Health: The Differential Effects of Education versus Income on the Onset versus Progression of Health Problems

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Herd ◽  
Brian Goesling ◽  
James S. House
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Science Literature ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

This article seeks to elucidate the relationship between socioeconomic position and health by showing how different facets of socioeconomic position (education and income) affect different stages (onset vs. progression) of health problems. The biomedical literature has generally treated socioeconomic position as a unitary construct. Likewise, the social science literature has tended to treat health as a unitary construct. To advance our understanding of the relationship between socioeconomic position and health, and ultimately to foster appropriate policies and practices to improve population health, a more nuanced approach is required—one that differentiates theoretically and empirically among dimensions of both socioeconomic position and health. Using data from the Americans' Changing Lives Study (1986 through 2001/2002), we show that education is more predictive than income of the onset of both functional limitations and chronic conditions, while income is more strongly associated than education with the progression of both.

scholarly journals The social space and misrecognition in 21st century France

2021 ◽  
pp. 003802612110201
Author(s):  
Will Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Geometric Data Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Geographical Space

This article seeks to revisit the French social space 30 years after Pierre Bourdieu first mapped it in Distinction. Using data from the International Social Survey Programme, it deploys geometric data analysis to construct a model of the space of class positions that is remarkably similar in its structure to that presented by Bourdieu despite three decades of economic transformation. The relationship with occupational groups and geographical space is also familiar, though gender and, to a greater extent, age are perhaps more prominent than when Bourdieu was writing. The article then goes on to demonstrate the multidimensional nature of symbolic violence, in the form of perception of one’s place, and the manner in which social reproduction is misrecognised. On the latter point, it transpires that while there is recognition of unfair advantage, not only is faith in meritocracy the prevailing view but the dominated are the most likely to deny that having educated parents makes a difference to whether one ‘gets ahead’ or not.

Walmart and Values: Painting the Town Red?

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Art Carden ◽  
Charles Courtemanche ◽  
Jeremy Meiners
Keyword(s):  
Public Debate ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Social Effect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Town

This essay explores the relationship between commerce and culture in the context of the recent debate over the social effect of Wal-Mart. In spite of much public debate, little is known about how Wal-Mart affects values. Using data collected from multiple sources, we show there is little evidence that Wal-Mart makes communities more conservative or more progressive.

scholarly journals Beliefs on Refugees as a Terrorist Threat. The Social Determinants of Refugee-related Stereotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2 (176)) ◽  
pp. 53-70
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Walczak ◽  
Nikolaos Lampas
Keyword(s):  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Threat Perception ◽  
Terrorist Threat ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Using Data ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Prejudicial Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

This article performs a cross-national analysis of the causes of refugee-related threat perception. We examine the hypotheses that the number of terrorist attacks by Muslim extremists should negatively coincide with positive attitudes toward refugees in a country. Secondly, we assess the relationship between the number of suspects arrested in relation to Muslim terrorist attacks and prejudicial attitudes toward refugees in a host country. In order to answer these hypotheses, we adopted a quantitative approach. Using data from the Pew Research Center Survey of 2016 we analyze the relationship between the number of terrorist attacks and arrests of Muslim extremists and their impact on the perception of the population in ten European countries. The findings suggest that there is no correlation between the number of terrorist attacks, arrests of Muslim extremists and prejudicial attitudes toward refugees. Among countries which experienced most fundamentalist Muslims attacks, the portrait of people sharing the stereotype is more nuanced. Political convictions were found to be the strongest and most common significant predictor, while age, gender and religiosity were significant in some countries only.

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