Experimental Transmission of Pasteurella multocida from Raccoons to Turkeys via Bite Wounds

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 559 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Gregg ◽  
L. D. Olson ◽  
E. L. McCune
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Experimental Transmission ◽  
Bite Wounds

scholarly journals Ceftaroline versus Isolates from Animal Bite Wounds: ComparativeIn VitroActivities against 243 Isolates, Including 156 Pasteurella Species Isolates

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 6319-6323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
C. Vreni Merriam ◽  
Kerin L. Tyrrell
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Ceftaroline Fosamil ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility ◽  
Bite Wounds

ABSTRACTMore than 5 million Americans are bitten by animals, usually dogs, annually. Bite patients comprise ∼1% of all patients who visit emergency departments (300,000/year), and approximately 10,000 require hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics. Ceftaroline is the bioactive component of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil, which is FDA approved for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs), including those containing methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA). There are noin vitrodata about the activity of ceftaroline againstPasteurella multocidasubsp.multocidaandPasteurella multocidasubsp.septica, otherPasteurellaspp., or other bite wound isolates. We therefore studied thein vitroactivity of ceftaroline against 243 animal bite isolates. MICs were determined using the broth microdilution method according to CLSI guidelines. Comparator drugs included cefazolin, ceftriaxone, ertapenem, ampicillin-sulbactam, azithromycin, doxycycline, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMX-TMP). Ceftaroline was the most active agent against all 5Pasteurellaspecies, includingP. multocidasubsp.multocidaandP. multocidasubsp.septica, with a maximum MIC of ≤0.008 μg/ml; more active than ceftriaxone and ertapenem (MIC90s, ≤0.015 μg/ml); and more active than cefazolin (MIC90, 0.5 μg/ml) doxycycline (MIC90, 0.125 μg/ml), azithromycin (MIC90, 0.5 μg/ml), ampicillin-sulbactam (MIC90, 0.125 μg/ml), and SMX-TMP (MIC90, 0.125 μg/ml). Ceftaroline was also very active against allS. aureusisolates (MIC90, 0.125 μg/ml) and otherStaphylococcusandStreptococcusspecies, with a maximum MIC of 0.125 μg/ml against all bite isolates tested. Ceftaroline has potential clinical utility against infections involvingP. multocida, otherPasteurellaspecies, and aerobic Gram-positive isolates, includingS. aureus.

Experimental Transmission of Pasteurella multocida 6:B in Goats

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Shafarin ◽  
M. Zamri-Saad ◽  
S. M. Jamil ◽  
B. Siti Khairani ◽  
A. A. Saharee
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Experimental Transmission

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Pexiganan and 10 Comparator Antimicrobials against 234 Isolates, Including 93 Pasteurella Species and 50 Anaerobic Bacterial Isolates Recovered from Animal Bite Wounds

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
Kerin L. Tyrrell ◽  
Eliza S. Leoncio
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Office Visits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽  
Bite Wounds

ABSTRACTAnimal bite wounds affect more than 5 million Americans annually, resulting in 300,000 emergency department visits, 10,000 hospitalizations, and an untold number of physician office visits. Various forms of topical therapy are empirically self-employed by many patients prior to seeking medical attention. Pexiganan, a 22-amino-acid synthetic cationic analogue of the peptide magainin II, acts by selectively damaging bacterial cell membranes. We determined the MICs for pexiganan and other antimicrobial agents often used for treatment of bite wounds. Most isolates were from U.S. patients, and ∼10% were from European and Canadian patients. The comparator antimicrobials studied were penicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, piperacillin-tazobactam, meropenem, clindamycin, doxycycline, moxifloxacin, ceftriaxone, linezolid, and metronidazole. The MIC90s of pexiganan were 32 μg/ml (againstPasteurella multocidasubsp.multocida), 16 μg/ml (P. multocidasubsp.septica,Pasteurella canis, andPasteurella dagmatis), 8 μg/ml (Pasteurella stomatis), 8 μg/ml (Eikenella corrodens), 2 μg/ml (Neisseria weaveri,Neisseria zoodegmatis, andMoraxella canis-Moraxella lacunatagroup), 16 μg/ml (Bergeyella zoohelcum), 64 μg/ml (Bacteroides pyogenes), 4 μg/ml (Fusobacterium russii), 32 μg/ml (Fusobacterium canifelinum), and 64 μg/ml (Prevotella heparinolytica). The concentration of pexiganan in the cream used was 8,000 μg/ml, more than 60 to 100 times the highest MIC obtained. Pexiganan exhibited a broad range of antimicrobial activity, showing potential for treating animal bite infections. A clinical trial seems warranted.

scholarly journals Aerobic bacterial flora of oral and nasal fluids of canines with reference to bacteria associated with bites

1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-231
Author(s):  
W E Bailie ◽  
E C Stowe ◽  
A M Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Bite Wounds ◽  
Group D ◽  
Corynebacterium Sp

Oral and nasal fluids of 50 dogs were examined to determine the prevalence of aerobic bacteria frequently associated with animal bite wounds. The most frequently isolated microorganisms included: IIj, EF-4, Pasteurella multocida, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, group D streptococci, Corynebacterium sp., Enterobacteria, Neisseria sp., Moraxella sp., and Bacillus sp. Other species and genera were infrequently recovered and may represent transient flora. The high incidence of IIj, EF-4, P. multocida, and S. aureus, all known human pathogens, suggests that they should be considered as probably contaminants in bite wounds.

scholarly journals Group A Streptococci-Associated Necrotizing Fasciitis following Cat Bite in an Immunocompromised Patient

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sudheer Nambiar ◽  
Asha Karippot ◽  
Joe Devasahayam ◽  
Tony Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Immunocompromised Host ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bite Wounds ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Necrotizing soft tissue infections are characterized clinically by fulminant tissue destruction, systemic signs of toxicity, and high mortality. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment must include early surgical intervention and antibiotic therapy. Mortality rate is very high and could be even higher in an immunocompromised host. We present a 57-year-old female with history of rheumatoid arthritis on oral corticosteroid and methotrexate therapy with painful swelling of the left hand following a cat bite that was diagnosed as having group A streptococcus pyogenes-associated necrotizing fasciitis. Treatment with ampicillin-sulbactam, Clindamycin, and surgical debridement was performed. In spite of all the adequate therapy she succumbed to death from streptococcal toxic shock and related complications after thirty-two days of treatment in intensive care unit. Necrotizing fasciitis is an uncommon but life-threatening complication in immunocompromised hosts. Tissue infections in cat bite wounds are commonly caused by pathogenic bacterium known as Pasteurella multocida. Group A streptococcal infections are not reported following cat bites. A high index of suspicion must be maintained to suspect group A streptococcal associated necrotizing fasciitis following cat bites and an early medical and surgical intervention should be made for any best possible outcome.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of the decontamination effect of cold argon plasma on selected bacteria frequently encountered in small animal bite injuries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Winter ◽  
A. Meyer-Lindenberg ◽  
G. Wolf ◽  
S. Reese ◽  
M.C. Nolff
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bite Wounds

AbstractObjectiveThe beneficial effects of cold argon plasma (CAP) on wound healing and its capacity for bacterial decontamination has recently been documented. However, despite favourable reports from experimental trials and human applications, the first in vivo studies in small animals did not prove any decontamination effect in canine bite wounds.The present study therefore aimed to evaluate the decontamination effect of CAP in different bacteria frequently encountered in canine bite woundsin vitro.MethodsStandard strains ofEscherichia (E.) coli, Staphylococcus (S.) pseudintermedius, S. aureus, Streptococcus (Sc.) canis, Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosaandPasteurella multocidawere investigated. To evaluate the influence of the bacterial growth phase, each bacterium was incubated in nutrient broth for 3 and 8 hours, respectively, before argon plasma treatment. Three different bacterial concentrations were created per bacterium and growth phase, and each was exposed to cold plasma at a gas flow rate of 5 standard litres/minute of argon for 30 seconds, 1 minute and 2 minutes.ResultsArgon treatment resulted in acceptable decontamination rates (range 98.9-99.9%) in all bacteria species in vitro; however, differences in susceptibility were detected in the different tested bacteria. Treatment time significantly (P<0.05) correlated with the decontamination rate inE. coli,Sc. canisandS. aureus, with an exposure time of 2 minutes being most effective. The initial bacterial concentration significantly (P<0.05) influenced decontamination inPasteurella multocidaandP. aeruginosa,in which treatment time was not as important. The growth phase only influenced decontamination inS. pseudintermedius.ConclusionCAP exerts effective antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria strains in vitro, with species specific effects of treatment time, growth phase and concentration.

scholarly journals Characterization of Sucrose-Negative Pasteurella multocida Variants, Including Isolates from Large-Cat Bite Wounds

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Christensen ◽  
M. Bisgaard ◽  
O. Angen ◽  
W. Frederiksen ◽  
J. E. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Bite Wounds

scholarly journals Activities of HMR 3004 (RU 64004) and HMR 3647 (RU 66647) Compared to Those of Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Roxithromycin, and Eight Other Antimicrobial Agents against Unusual Aerobic and Anaerobic Human and Animal Bite Pathogens Isolated from Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Humans

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1127-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
Sharon Hunt Gerardo ◽  
Marie Hudspeth ◽  
C. Vreni Merriam
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Bite Wounds ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACT The activities of HMR 3004 and HMR 3647 and comparator agents, especially macrolides, were determined by the agar dilution method against 262 aerobic and 120 anaerobic strains isolated from skin and soft tissue infections associated with human and animal bite wounds. HMR 3004 and HMR 3647 were active against almost all aerobic and fastidious facultative isolates (MIC at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited [MIC90], ≤0.5 and 1 μg/ml, respectively) and against all anaerobes [Bacteroides tectum,Porphyromonas macacae (salivosa),Prevotella heparinolytica, Porphyromonas sp.,Prevotella sp., and peptostreptococci] at ≤0.25 and ≤0.5 μg/ml, respectively, except Fusobacterium nucleatum (HMR 3004, MIC90 = 16 μg/ml; HMR 3647, MIC90 = 8 μg/ml) and other Fusobacterium species (MIC90, 1 and 2 μg/ml, respectively). In general, HMR 3004 and HMR 3647 were more active than any of the macrolides tested. Azithromycin was more active than clarithromycin against allPasteurella species, including Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida, Eikenella corrodens, and Fusobacterium species, while clarithromycin was more active than azithromycin againstCorynebacterium species, Weeksella zoohelcum,B. tectum, and P. heparinolytica.

scholarly journals Analysis of Bacteriological Infected Dog and Cat Bite Wounds in Veterinary Medical Staff

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Cristina RÎMBU ◽  
Cristina HORHOGEA ◽  
Andreea COZMA ◽  
Carmen CRETU ◽  
Mariana GRECU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Staphylococcus Hominis ◽  
Bite Wounds

Bite wounds, human and animal origin, can lead to significant complications if appropriate therapy is not undertaken timeously. The major risk of these aggressions is given by the possibility of systemic propagation of the bacteria involved in the wound and the appearance of complications such as osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, bacterial endocarditis, etc. The identification of pathogenic germs and antibiotic sensitivity test were the key points for a specific therapy that could prevent the spread of infection in the deep tissues. Twenty five biological samples collected from various wounds produced by dogs and cats bites over the veterinary personnel during the medical evaluated. Various aerobic pathogenic and conditional pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudo intermedius, Staphylococcus intermedius, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus warneri, Micrococcus roseus, Streptococcus sp. gr.B, Streptococcus sp. gr.F, Streptococcus sp. gr.G, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Trueperella pyogenes, Corynebacterium sp., Bacillus cereus, Pasteurella multocida, Pasteurella canis, Mannheimia haemolitica, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Actinobacillus sp., Neisseria sp) and anaerobic bacteria (Clostridium perfringens, Bacteroides sp.) were isolated. The bacterial drug sensitivity was fluctuating, observing the variations influenced by the natural and acquired resistance of the tested bacterial species. The wounds produced by the bites of dogs and cats have aerobic and anaerobic polymicrobial etiology.

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