The Plankton of the Beaufort and Chukchi Sea Areas of the Arctic and Its Relation to the Hydrography. Arctic Institute of North America: Technical Paper No. 1

1958 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
N. B. Marshall ◽  
Martin W. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Technical Paper

Is summer sea surface temperature over the Arctic Ocean connected to winter air temperature over North America?

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
M Ogi ◽  
S Rysgaard ◽  
DG Barber ◽  
T Nakamura ◽  
B Taguchi
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Winter Air Temperature

scholarly journals N2O dynamics in the western Arctic Ocean during the summer of 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jang-Mu Heo ◽  
Seong-Su Kim ◽  
Sung-Ho Kang ◽  
Eun Jin Yang ◽  
Ki-Tae Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Western Arctic Ocean ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
Western Arctic

AbstractThe western Arctic Ocean (WAO) has experienced increased heat transport into the region, sea-ice reduction, and changes to the WAO nitrous oxide (N2O) cycles from greenhouse gases. We investigated WAO N2O dynamics through an intensive and precise N2O survey during the open-water season of summer 2017. The effects of physical processes (i.e., solubility and advection) were dominant in both the surface (0–50 m) and deep layers (200–2200 m) of the northern Chukchi Sea with an under-saturation of N2O. By contrast, both the surface layer (0–50 m) of the southern Chukchi Sea and the intermediate (50–200 m) layer of the northern Chukchi Sea were significantly influenced by biogeochemically derived N2O production (i.e., through nitrification), with N2O over-saturation. During summer 2017, the southern region acted as a source of atmospheric N2O (mean: + 2.3 ± 2.7 μmol N2O m−2 day−1), whereas the northern region acted as a sink (mean − 1.3 ± 1.5 μmol N2O m−2 day−1). If Arctic environmental changes continue to accelerate and consequently drive the productivity of the Arctic Ocean, the WAO may become a N2O “hot spot”, and therefore, a key region requiring continued observations to both understand N2O dynamics and possibly predict their future changes.

Arctic Bibliography. Ed. The Arctic Institute of North America.

1956 ◽  
Vol 15 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 286-288
Author(s):  
Kirk H. Stone
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
The Arctic

Arctic Science and Technology Information System

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Jane C. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
North America ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Bibliographic Database ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
University Of Calgary ◽  
The University

ASTIS offers over 83,000 records that provide freely available access to publications, including research and research projects, about Canada's north. This database is a product of the Arctic Institute of North America at the University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada which also maintains subsidiary regional, subject, and initiative-based databases. The subsidiary databases are all housed within and accessible through the main ASTIS database. Examples of the smaller databases include: ArcticNet Publications Database, the Nunavik Bibliography, and the Northern Granular Resources Bibliographic Database. ASTIS offers the ability to browse through its access points, including its own thesauri, thus permitting users to select and use a variety of free-text and controlled search terms.

Toward a biogeographic regionalization of the Nearctic region: Area nomenclature and digital map

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5027 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-375
Author(s):  
TANIA ESCALANTE ◽  
GERARDO RODRÍGUEZ-TAPIA ◽  
JUAN J. MORRONE
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
Biogeographic Regionalization ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Nearctic Region

We provide a preliminary nomenclatural proposal and a digital map of the Nearctic region, based on published regionalizations, especially Dice (1943), and applying the International Code of Area Nomenclature. The Nearctic region is comprised of three subregions (one of them with two dominions), one transition zone and 29 provinces. The Arctic subregion, in northern North America and Greenland, includes the Eskimoan, Hudsonian, Aleutian and Sitkan provinces. The Western subregion, in western North America, includes the Californian dominion, with the Californian and Oregonian provinces; and the Rocky Mountain dominion, including the Montanian, Saskatchewan, Palusian, Artemisian, Coloradan, Kansan, Mohavian, Navahonian, Sonoran, Chihuahuan, Comanche, and Baja California provinces. The Alleghany subregion, in eastern North America, includes the Illinoian, Canadian, Carolinian, Texan, Austroriparian, and Tamaulipan provinces. The Mexican Transition Zone, situated in the area of overlap with the Neotropical region, includes the Sierra Madre Occidental, Sierra Madre Oriental, Transmexican Volcanic Belt, Sierra Madre del Sur and Chiapas Highlands provinces.  

Chromosome races in Rumex arcticus (Polygonaceae)

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-380
Author(s):  
Gerald A. Mulligan ◽  
Clarence Frankton
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Kamchatka Peninsula ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Chromosome Races ◽  
High Polyploid ◽  
Seward Peninsula ◽  
Northwestern North America ◽  
The Bering Sea

Rumex arcticus Trautv., a species found on the mainland of northwestern North America and in northeastern U.S.S.R., contains tetraploid (2n = 40), dodecaploid (2n = 120), and perhaps 2n = 160 and 2n = 200 chromosome races. Most North American plants are tetraploid and are larger in size and have more compound and contiguous inflorescences than typical R. arcticus. Typical plants of R. arcticus occur in the arctic U.S.S.R., St. Lawrence Island in the Bering Sea, and at the tip of the Seward Peninsula of Alaska, and they all have 120 or more somatic chromosomes. High polyploid plants of R. arcticus that resemble North American tetraploids in appearance apparently occur on the Kamchatka Peninsula. These have been called R. kamtshadalus Komarov or R. arcticus var. kamtshadalus (Kom.) Rech. f. by some authors.

scholarly journals The Interannual Variability of the Haines Index over North America

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 2396-2409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lejiang Yu ◽  
Shiyuan Zhong ◽  
Xindi Bian ◽  
Warren E. Heilman ◽  
Joseph J. Charney
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
North America ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Fire Weather Index

AbstractThe Haines index (HI) is a fire-weather index that is widely used as an indicator of the potential for dry, low-static-stability air in the lower atmosphere to contribute to erratic fire behavior or large fire growth. This study examines the interannual variability of HI over North America and its relationship to indicators of large-scale circulation anomalies. The results show that the first three HI empirical orthogonal function modes are related respectively to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Arctic Oscillation (AO), and the interdecadal sea surface temperature variation over the tropical Pacific Ocean. During the negative ENSO phase, an anomalous ridge (trough) is evident over the western (eastern) United States, with warm/dry weather and more days with high HI values in the western and southeastern United States. During the negative phase of the AO, an anomalous trough is found over the western United States, with wet/cool weather and fewer days with high HI, while an anomalous ridge occurs over the southern United States–northern Mexico, with an increase in the number of days with high HI. After the early 1990s, the subtropical high over the eastern Pacific Ocean and the Bermuda high were strengthened by a wave train that was excited over the tropical western Pacific Ocean and resulted in warm/dry conditions over the southwestern United States and western Mexico and wet weather in the southeastern United States. The above conditions are reversed during the positive phase of ENSO and AO and before the early 1990s.

scholarly journals Calcium carbonate saturation in the surface water of the Arctic Ocean: undersaturation in freshwater influenced shelves

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2421-2431 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chierici ◽  
A. Fransson
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Chukchi Peninsula ◽  
Bering Strait

Abstract. In the summer of 2005, we sampled surface water and measured pH and total alkalinity (AT) underway aboard IB Oden along the Northwest Passage from Cape Farewell (South Greenland) to the Chukchi Sea. We investigated the variability of carbonate system parameters, focusing particularly on carbonate concentration [CO32−] and calcium carbonate saturation states, as related to freshwater addition, biological processes and physical upwelling. Measurements on AT, pH at 15°C, salinity (S) and sea surface temperature (SST), were used to calculate total dissolved inorganic carbon (CT), [CO32−] and the saturation of aragonite (ΩAr) and calcite (ΩCa) in the surface water. The same parameters were measured in the water column of the Bering Strait. Some surface waters in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) and on the Mackenzie shelf (MS) were found to be undersaturated with respect to aragonite (ΩAr<1). In these areas, surface water was low in AT and CT (<1500 μmol kg−1) relative to seawater and showed low [CO32−]. The low saturation states were probably due to the likely the effect of dilution due to freshwater addition by sea ice melt (CAA) and river runoff (MS). High AT and CT and low pH, corresponded with the lowest [CO32−], ΩAr and ΩCa, observed near Cape Bathurst and along the South Chukchi Peninsula. This was linked to the physical upwelling of subsurface water with elevated CO2. The highest surface ΩAr and ΩCa of 3.0 and 4.5, respectively, were found on the Chukchi Sea shelf and in the cold water north of Wrangel Island, which is heavily influenced by high CO2 drawdown and lower CT from intense biological production. In the western Bering Strait, the cold and saline Anadyr Current carries water that is enriched in AT and CT from enhanced organic matter remineralization, resulting in the lowest ΩAr (~1.2) of the area.

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