Physiological Objectives in Hot Weather Housing: An Introduction to the Principles of Hot Weather Housing Design

Residential architecture has one of the most conservative styles based on its specifics. However, today this type of architecture seeks to actively respond to changes in the modern world. These changes are caused by multiple factors, among them are: technological and information progress; lack of resources and environmental pollution; military conflicts and population migration etc. The purpose of this article is to summarize the experience of the Department of Architectural Environment of Lviv Polytechnic National University over housing issues and outline the methodological principles of innovation in designing both individual houses and the architectural environment of residential formations. While writing this article, we analyzed the 15-year experience of Architectural Environment's Department diploma projects. The unique feature of these projects is the priority on the design of the environment. The evolution of diploma project topics is revealed on multiple distinctive examples such as the reconstruction of old buildings in Lviv and the construction of prefabricated homes and container-type housing. Futuristic settlements are represented in projects such as “The Ocean Settlements” and “Prykarpatsk - the City of Future”. Research projects were developed to study current trends in housing design and the impact of innovative technologies on planning decisions. These projects discoursed the protection of housing from traffic noise and issues related to environmental preservation. Innovative architectural ideas of future housing, developed by students in these projects, are based on a combination of aesthetic, technical, and social components of architecture. The conclusion indicates that when educating future architects, it is important to teach them the basics of the craft, as well as the ability to defend their innovative ideas. The emphasis is placed on the importance of educating the architect's personal responsibility for their own design solutions. It is stated that professional motivation and the ability to constantly renew previously acquired knowledge and skills will be among the main tasks in training future architects.

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Placing and Curing of Hot Weather Concrete in Building Construction

Concrete Journal ◽

10.3151/coj.51.459 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 51 (5) ◽

pp. 459-464

Author(s):

H. Jinnai

Keyword(s):

Building Construction ◽

Hot Weather

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Parking Under the Sun: Solar Heating As a Strategy for Passively Disinfecting COVID-19 in Passenger Vehicles During Warm-Hot Weather

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3714072 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xue Wang ◽

Shiyi Sun ◽

Boxin Zhang ◽

Jie Han

Keyword(s):

Solar Heating ◽

The Sun ◽

Passenger Vehicles ◽

Hot Weather

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Design of Desktop Audiovisual Entertainment System with Deep Learning and Haptic Sensations

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym12101718 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 1718

Author(s):

Chien-Hsing Chou ◽

Yu-Sheng Su ◽

Che-Ju Hsu ◽

Kong-Chang Lee ◽

Ping-Hsuan Han

Keyword(s):

Deep Learning ◽

Object Detection ◽

User Experience ◽

Recognition System ◽

Scene Recognition ◽

Single Shot ◽

Auditory Signals ◽

Hot Weather ◽

Viewing Experience ◽

At Home

In this study, we designed a four-dimensional (4D) audiovisual entertainment system called Sense. This system comprises a scene recognition system and hardware modules that provide haptic sensations for users when they watch movies and animations at home. In the scene recognition system, we used Google Cloud Vision to detect common scene elements in a video, such as fire, explosions, wind, and rain, and further determine whether the scene depicts hot weather, rain, or snow. Additionally, for animated videos, we applied deep learning with a single shot multibox detector to detect whether the animated video contained scenes of fire-related objects. The hardware module was designed to provide six types of haptic sensations set as line-symmetry to provide a better user experience. After the system considers the results of object detection via the scene recognition system, the system generates corresponding haptic sensations. The system integrates deep learning, auditory signals, and haptic sensations to provide an enhanced viewing experience.

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Housing and Health Transition in Thailand

Reviews on Environmental Health ◽

10.1515/reveh-2004-19-3-409 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 19 (3-4) ◽

pp. 311-328

Author(s):

S. Friel ◽

A. J. McMichael ◽

T. Kjellstrom ◽

T. Prapamontol

Keyword(s):

Health Risks ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Transition Process ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Published Data ◽

Health Transition ◽

Epidemiologic Transition ◽

Thai Population ◽

Housing Design ◽

Negative Dimension

Abstract Over the past half-century, Thailand's health profile has been undergoiog an epidemiologic transition in association with various fundamental societal changes, shifting from one with a predominant burden of communicable disease to one in which noncommunicable diseases and accidents now predominate. The primary question is why have the disease rates in the Thai population changed? Answering this question requires an examination of the underlying transitions in social and contextual factors. This paper explores, using published data, how housing conditions, as one set of environmental health risks, have undergone transition in recent years and how this change maps on the health-transition process. A combination of economic development, urbanization, modernization, and increased health literacy resulted in a range of health-protecting changes in housing design and materials. Pre-eminent among such changes are improvements in household sanitation and in equipment, ventilation, and fuel pertaining to indoor cooking and heating. In tropical countries like Thailand, gains have been made in mosquito-proofing houses and in minimizing open pools of water to combat the risks of malaria, dengue fever, and other mosquito-borne infections. Meanwhile, the growth in shantytown and slum housing around the urban fringe, often in precarious environmental settings, introduced a negative dimension to the evolving profile of housing-related health risks, whereas the urban sprawl of modern residences creates health risks that are due to traffic crashes and the lack of walking in daily transport.

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Examining the magnitude and perception of summertime overheating in London care homes

Building Services Engineering Research and Technology ◽

10.1177/01436244211013645 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 014362442110136

Author(s):

Rajat Gupta ◽

Alastair Howard ◽

Mike Davies ◽

Anna Mavrogianni ◽

Ioanna Tsoulou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Care Home ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Care Homes ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Night Time ◽

Institutional Practices ◽

Subjective Data ◽

Hybrid Buildings ◽

Hot Weather

This paper brings together objective and subjective data on indoor temperature and thermal comfort to examine the magnitude and perception of summertime overheating in two London-based care homes occupying modern and older buildings. Continuous monitoring of indoor and outdoor temperature, relative humidity and CO2 levels was conducted in summer 2019 along with thermal comfort surveys and semi-structured interviews with older residents and staff of the care settings. Indoor temperatures were found to be high (>30°C) with bedroom temperatures often higher at night than daytime across both care settings. Limited opening due to window restrictors constrained night-time ventilation. Overheating was prevalent with four out of the five monitored bedrooms failing all four overheating metrics investigated. While 35–42% of staff responses perceived indoor temperatures to be uncomfortably hot, only 13–19% of resident responses were found to do so, indicating that elderly residents tend to be relatively insensitive to heat, leaving them open to overheating without realising it. Residents and staff in the modern care setting were less satisfied with their thermal conditions. As hybrid buildings, care settings need to keep both residents and staff comfortable and healthy during hot weather through night-time ventilation, management of heating and supportive institutional practices. Practical application: Care home designs have focused on keeping residents warm through the winter, neglecting the risks of summertime overheating. Care homes are hybrid buildings serving as living spaces for vulnerable older residents and offices/workspaces for staff. Providing comfort to both groups during periods of hot weather is challenging. Opportunities for ventilation are limited by Health & Safety regulations that mandate up to 10 cm maximum window openings and institutional practices that result in windows routinely kept closed, particularly at night. Utilising natural and where possible cross-ventilation should be considered along with external shading. Heating should be managed to avoid unwanted heat gains in the summer.

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Improving Sustainability of Housing in Ghana through Energy Efficient Climate Control Strategies

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.1698 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 608-609 ◽

pp. 1698-1704

Author(s):

Abdul Manan Dauda ◽

Hui Gao

Keyword(s):

Natural Ventilation ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Internal Heat ◽

Climate Control ◽

Housing Design ◽

Artificial Lighting ◽

Testing Procedures ◽

Mass Housing ◽

Design Changes

This paper aims at explaining testing procedures used to evaluate the potential of natural ventilation and daylighting applications to passive design of housing in Ghana. The objectives of research were to reduce energy costs and increase the sustainability of housing. From the results of these experiments actual and potential designs are illustrated and discussed. Mass housing results in multi-storey buildings which require substantial artificial lighting and ventilation. Also, with the increasing usage of glass for windows and doors in Ghana, even the shaded depths of buildings require additional daylight usually resulting in more energy consumption. By supplementing the internal lighting levels with daylight, reducing the internal heat load by shading windows to direct radiation and the utilization of natural ventilation over air conditioning where possible, significant energy savings are could be achieved. The research proposes mass housing design changes such as: delivering daylight above the suspended ceiling into the depths of the building by horizontal light pipes and natural ventilation, utilizing stack effect and wind siphonage, etc.

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