INNOVATIVE ARCHITECTURAL IDEAS OF THE FUTURE DWELLINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Dzhyhil Yu. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
National University ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Impact

Residential architecture has one of the most conservative styles based on its specifics. However, today this type of architecture seeks to actively respond to changes in the modern world. These changes are caused by multiple factors, among them are: technological and information progress; lack of resources and environmental pollution; military conflicts and population migration etc. The purpose of this article is to summarize the experience of the Department of Architectural Environment of Lviv Polytechnic National University over housing issues and outline the methodological principles of innovation in designing both individual houses and the architectural environment of residential formations. While writing this article, we analyzed the 15-year experience of Architectural Environment's Department diploma projects. The unique feature of these projects is the priority on the design of the environment. The evolution of diploma project topics is revealed on multiple distinctive examples such as the reconstruction of old buildings in Lviv and the construction of prefabricated homes and container-type housing. Futuristic settlements are represented in projects such as “The Ocean Settlements” and “Prykarpatsk - the City of Future”. Research projects were developed to study current trends in housing design and the impact of innovative technologies on planning decisions. These projects discoursed the protection of housing from traffic noise and issues related to environmental preservation. Innovative architectural ideas of future housing, developed by students in these projects, are based on a combination of aesthetic, technical, and social components of architecture. The conclusion indicates that when educating future architects, it is important to teach them the basics of the craft, as well as the ability to defend their innovative ideas. The emphasis is placed on the importance of educating the architect's personal responsibility for their own design solutions. It is stated that professional motivation and the ability to constantly renew previously acquired knowledge and skills will be among the main tasks in training future architects.

Different strokes for different folks? The impact of heterogeneity in work characteristics and country contexts on work-life balance among the self-employed

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 880-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Annink ◽  
Laura Den Dulk ◽  
José Ernesto Amorós
Keyword(s):  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Work Life ◽  
The Self ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Characteristics ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of self-employed work characteristics (consumer orientation, innovativeness, number of employees, motivation, and entrepreneurial phase) on work-life balance (WLB) satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach The job demands and resources approach is applied to test whether self-employed work characteristics are evaluated as job demands or resources for WLB. The Global Entrepreneurship Data (2013) offer a unique opportunity to conduct multilevel analysis among a sample of self-employed workers in 51 countries (N=11,458). Besides work characteristics, this paper tests whether country context might explain variation in WLB among the self-employed. Findings The results of this study reveal that there is a negative relation between being exposed to excessive stress and running a consumer-oriented business and WLB. Being motivated out of opportunity is positively related to WLB. In addition, the results indicate that country context matters. A higher human development index and more gender equality are negatively related to WLB, possibly because of higher social expectations and personal responsibility. The ease of doing business in a country was positively related to the WLB of self-employed workers. Social implications For some workers self-employment might be a way to combine work and responsibilities in other life domains, but this does not seem to be valid in all cases. Originality/value This paper contributes to current literature on the WLB of self-employed workers by showing how work characteristics can be evaluated as job demands or resources. Including work characteristics in future research might be a solution for acknowledging the heterogeneity among self-employed workers.

scholarly journals Trends in the development of the high-tech sphere in the conditions of globalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Iryna Otenko ◽  
Оlena Ptashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Information Layer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Technologies

Introduction. The presented work considers the main features of the high-tech sphere, presents trends in its development taking into account the requirements of time and processes of globalization and integration based on the generalization and analysis of theoretical, analytical and statistical information layer.  It is determined that the concept  of high technology is a new technology based on the current stage of scientific and technological development. They correspond to a specific list of world commodity markets and priorities of scientific, technical and innovation policy of developed countries. The peculiarity of high technologies is that their rapid development changes the market and accelerates in other sectors of the economy.The purpose of the study is the process of creating new high technologies, and the subject of the study is the analysis of the main trends in the development of high-tech industry. The aim of the study is to consider the processes of globalization in the context of their impact on the high-tech sphere. The study is based on the analysis of research in the field of high technology and the formation of major trends in high-tech development, which allows to predict the main vector of development of high-tech sphere and the ability to forecast the development of domestic high-tech sphere.Research methods. The article used general scientific and specific research methods, in particular: comparison - to study the theoretical foundations of high-tech development and the formation of a categorical research apparatus; analysis and synthesis - in the process of identifying trends in the development of high-tech sphere.Research results. Technological progress has completely changed the structure of the modern world economy. Thanks to technology, new activities have now been developed, many of which are efficient and highly profitable. A classic example of the impact of      the introduction of high technology in everyday life is the emergence and use of new information technology. With the widespread use of new communication technology, this has dramatically reduced the cost of voice, data, text, images, and international charges for the transmission of information. Note that not every technology is a commodity and not every brand of technology. Technology can be a commodity in a certain field of activity, from an idea to a market, where you can identify applications that can be commercialized, analyzed and used. However, in this case, the technology must meet the requirements of standard products, such as patents, know-how, industrial or industrial designs, manufacturing practices, equipment and other equipment, technology, in short, as a means of production. technological processes.Perspectives. In future research we plan to identify the main problems of development of high-tech sphere of Ukraine; a promising direction is to determine the main characteristics of high-tech products, which are formed at each stage of production and in the presence of unsatisfactory characteristics, possible intervention in the production process of a prototype high-tech product.

Cultures of Diplomacy and Literary Writing in the Early Modern World

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Public Consumption ◽  
Literary Communities ◽  
Political Communities ◽  
The Impact

This interdisciplinary volume explores core emerging themes in the study of early modern literary-diplomatic relations, developing essential methods of analysis and theoretical approaches that will shape future research in the field. Contributions focus on three intimately related areas: the impact of diplomatic protocol on literary production; the role of texts in diplomatic practice, particularly those that operated as ‘textual ambassadors’; and the impact of changes in the literary sphere on diplomatic culture. The literary sphere held such a central place because it gave diplomats the tools to negotiate the pervasive ambiguities of diplomacy; simultaneously literary depictions of diplomacy and international law provided genre-shaped places for cultural reflection on the rapidly changing and expanding diplomatic sphere. Translations exemplify the potential of literary texts both to provoke competition and to promote cultural convergence between political communities, revealing the existence of diplomatic third spaces in which ritual, symbolic, or written conventions and semantics converged despite particular oppositions and differences. The increasing public consumption of diplomatic material in Europe illuminates diplomatic and literary communities, and exposes the translocal, as well as the transnational, geographies of literary-diplomatic exchanges. Diplomatic texts possessed symbolic capital. They were produced, archived, and even redeployed in creative tension with the social and ceremonial worlds that produced them. Appreciating the generic conventions of specific types of diplomatic texts can radically reshape our interpretation of diplomatic encounters, just as exploring the afterlives of diplomatic records can transform our appreciation of the histories and literatures they inspired.

scholarly journals Criteria for Housing Design with Emphasis on Comparison between Traditional and Today Contemporary Iranian Architecture

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Tahereh Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Design Pattern ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Traditional Architecture ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
House Design ◽  
The Impact

<p>Settling in the cities and the numerous efforts being made for massive supply of houses in a short time period, makes difficult the access to a pattern as appropriate for family life with increase in concentration in building construction, the individual and family borders, too, are neglected.</p><p>Though due to the extensiveness and complexity of the concept of housing, one cannot give a comprehensive, unique definition of it, but the housing, as a shelter, is regarded as the primary and basic needs of the family.</p><p>House as a place for relaxation and comfort and a shelter for removing tiredness has been a peace and security locality from a long time ago. House demand is one of the most essential human`s demands. According to Article 31 of fundamental law of Islamic Republic of Iran also, possessing a suitable house is considered as the right for every person and every Iranian family. House not only as a shelter, but also as a place for humans raise, has a great importance in the initial and most fundamental society union, namely family.</p><p>Identifying the identity and investigating the residential complexes in regard to the aesthetics implies the precise and conscious observing and noticing their beauties and or ugliness.</p><p>Main Questions in this paper are:</p><ul><li>What are the consequences of disregarding the identity of today's housing architecture, especially the architecture of the ancient towns?</li><li>Can the components of Iranian traditional architecture be applied in today contemporary residential architecture and be effective to create a sense of place?</li></ul><p>So the main purpose of this article is Pathology of Today Contemporary Iranian housing Architecture and Comparison with traditional Iranian architecture.</p><p>The method explored is a descriptive-analytical and field method to gather information and documents are available. The impact of known factors and variables in Iranian contemporary and traditional residential architecture has been evaluated and compared.</p><p>Accordingly, having some criteria for achieving a suitable house design pattern is essential in a way that makes it possible to understand all its visual embodiments and identify its identity.</p>This research also state the reasons for disability of today`s architecture and urban development against house problem and recommend some criteria for achieving a house design pattern after an overview of the definition of housing and examination of Iranian housing.

Public–Private Partnerships and Natural Hazards Governance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dane S. Egli
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Financial Benefit ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
The Impact

The level of interest in public–private partnerships (P3s) is growing—along with supporting literature—and applications are expanding to include new areas where industry supplements public investments in return for measurable rewards. In what follows are timely observations to support P3 operating principles for natural hazards governance—working as an integrated team, sharing innovations, solving technical and operational problems, and engaging in voluntary associations to creatively solve problems. P3s involve voluntary collaboration to achieve common goals and financial benefit. In a globalized economy with highly interconnected systems, this spirit of innovation, sense of personal responsibility, and vision for collective partnerships can be seen throughout the world in the application of P3s. The impact and efficacy of P3s is not just realized in the pursuit of economic, security, safety, social, and environmental goals, but also in establishing integrated governance policies to contend with the persistent vulnerabilities of natural hazards. The emerging world of P3s and natural hazards governance can be illustrated by three real-world examples: (1) a catastrophic regional natural disaster; (2) an urban research-study focused on the measurement of critical infrastructure resilience; and (3) a summary of transportation systems in the unique environment of maritime ports. From these case studies, and a diverse selection of references, it highlights key findings that will benefit future research, critical analysis, and policy application, including academic value, integrated participation, evidence-based metrics, smart resilience, and future innovation.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF PARASITES ON HUMAN BEHAVIOUR: AN EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-65
Author(s):  
Pavol Prokop ◽  
Peter Fedor
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Impact

Parasites and predators possess serious threats to humans throughout our evolutionary history. Although the impact of predators in modern world is lower than previously, parasites still influence morbidity and mortality of contemporary humans. From the evolutionary perspective, selective pressures caused by parasites should favour individuals that successfully avoid objects/subjects which transmit parasitic diseases and/or those who are successful in combats with them. There is growing evidence for the existence of evolved anti-parasite behaviours in animals, beginning with invertebrates and ending with primates. Avoidance of infected individuals, grooming and self-medication are most common behavioural strategies that are believed to reduce the transmission of parasites. Here we review recent evidence suggesting that several behavioural and emotional traits in humans evolved as a response to selective pressure caused by parasites. Disgust sensitivity and pathogen threat may be a mechanism that generates both a cross-cultural variation in preferences for certain facial traits, as well as drivers of religious diversity, political stability of countries, parenting cognitive abilities and prevalence of extraversion and openness to new ideas. Finally, we declare areas for a future research based on questions guided by the evolutionary perspective. Key words: evolution, human, parasites, psychology.

scholarly journals From students to leaders: evaluating the impact on academic performance, satisfaction and student empowerment of a pilot PAL programme among first year students and second year leaders

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey Scriver ◽  
Amber Walsh Olesen ◽  
Eoghan Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
First Year ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
National University ◽  
Directed Learning ◽  
Performance Satisfaction ◽  
The Impact

This paper evaluates the pilot year of the CÉIM PAL initiative at the National University of Ireland Galway through analysis of examination results, student surveys and the reflections of two students who participated as first year students in the pilot year and subsequently as student leaders in year two. The paper considers the impact of attendance at sessions on academic performance, student satisfaction with the programme, and evaluates the extent to which the initiative has assisted students to become more empowered learners as expressed through the development of self-directed learning, growth in educational self-efficacy, and confidence in navigating the learning environment. Recommendations are also made for developing the CÉIM initiative, which may be relevant to other PAL programmes and for determining the direction of future research.

scholarly journals Indoor Air Quality in Passivhaus Dwellings: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Moreno-Rangel ◽  
Tim Sharpe ◽  
Gráinne McGill ◽  
Filbert Musau
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
The Impact

Indoor air quality (IAQ) is a critical consideration in airtight buildings that depend on mechanical ventilation, such as those constructed to the Passivhaus standard. While previous reviews of IAQ on Passivhaus-certified buildings foccused on offices, this study examines residential buildings. A summary of data collection methods and pollutant concentrations is presented, followed by a critical discussion of the impact of Passivhaus design strategies on IAQ. This review indicates that IAQ in Passivhaus-certified dwellings is generally better than in conventional homes, but both occupant behaviour and pollution from outdoor sources play a significant role in indoor concentrations. Moreover, there are differences in data collection and reporting methods. Many of the available studies depend on short-term IAQ monitoring of less than two weeks, making it difficult to determine the longer impact of housing design on IAQ and occupants’ well-being. There is also a lack of studies from non-European countries. Future research should focus on investigating associations between IAQ and Passivhaus design strategies in hot and humid climates, where evidence is particularly lacking. Further effort is also required to investigate potential links between occupant’s perception of IAQ and physical exposure to indoor pollution. Finally, the lack of homogeneous monitoring and reporting methods for IAQ studies needs to be addressed.

Study urges researchers to take into account the effect of intersectional “identities”, such as black single-mothers, Native American women, or gay fathers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gay Fathers ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
Black Single Mothers ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The existing work-life literature is full of studies that consider the influence of a single social identity, which is “an individual’s self-concept derived from membership in a social group.” There are many values and emotions attached to a social identity, but in the modern world, individuals often belong to more than one social grouping. Therefore, the authors wanted to discuss the effect of belonging to “multiply stigmatised groups.” Design/methodology/approach The authors began their study with a review of the literature in the work-life space on multiply stigmatized identities. They included ProQuest searches of 104 databases using key words such as “religion”, “ethnicity”, “race”, “disability”, “sexual orientation”, “religion” and “intersectionality.” They found 31 papers that focused on the intersection of two, or more, identities. Findings The study provides a framework for future research into the impact of multiple identities on issues of power and privilege. If intersectionality is not considered, the authors say, there will be “unidentified needs, ignored values, unresolved conflicts and unhelpful advice.” Originality/value The authors said they had written the paper in response to the criticism that work-life research tends to focuses on the experiences of middle, or upper-class, younger, white, western and heterosexual women.

Self-Compassion and Quality of Life in Adults Who Stutter

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2097-2108
Author(s):  
Robyn L. Croft ◽  
Courtney T. Byrd
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify levels of self-compassion in adults who do and do not stutter and to determine whether self-compassion predicts the impact of stuttering on quality of life in adults who stutter. Method Participants included 140 adults who do and do not stutter matched for age and gender. All participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale. Adults who stutter also completed the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Data were analyzed for self-compassion differences between and within adults who do and do not stutter and to predict self-compassion on quality of life in adults who stutter. Results Adults who do and do not stutter exhibited no significant differences in total self-compassion, regardless of participant gender. A simple linear regression of the total self-compassion score and total Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering score showed a significant, negative linear relationship of self-compassion predicting the impact of stuttering on quality of life. Conclusions Data suggest that higher levels of self-kindness, mindfulness, and social connectedness (i.e., self-compassion) are related to reduced negative reactions to stuttering, an increased participation in daily communication situations, and an improved overall quality of life. Future research should replicate current findings and identify moderators of the self-compassion–quality of life relationship.

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