The Male Romantic Poet as Gothic Subject: Keats's Hyperion and The Fall of Hyperion: A Dream

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-454
Author(s):  
Ellen Brinks
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Power ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Romantic Poet ◽  
The Way

A previously overlooked Gothic subtext in John Keats's Hyperion and The Fall of Hyperion, his 1818 and 1819 fragmentary works on poetic election, calls his epic project of Bildung into question. Whether it is Saturn, Apollo, or himself that the narrator witnesses, his returns to scenes where an effeminized male body is subjected to pain and domination become a way to explore questions of legitimation and empowerment when those can no longer be presupposed by the writing subject. While recent readings of these poems have tended to align their fragmentation with Keats's refusal of mastery, this essay claims that Keats identifies male masochism and effeminacy as a perverse condition of, rather than an impediment to, the attainment of symbolic power. Apollo's eroticized submission in Hyperion and the poet's self-castigating rituals in The Fall of Hyperion (as well as his return to the Titans) stage the very experience that they supposedly stand in the way of-legitimation. Not only does bodily dispossession directly measure symbolic possession, but also, through his doubles, Keats recognizes himself in this negative loss of power.

scholarly journals Gentlemen, Heroes, Real Men, Disabled Men: Explorations at the Intersections of Disability and Masculinity in Contemporary China

NAN Nü ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dauncey
Keyword(s):  
Close Reading ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Contemporary China ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Disability Culture ◽  
Gendered Identities ◽  
And Gender ◽  
China Today ◽  
Key Questions ◽  
The Way

This article advances new perspectives on disability culture in contemporary China. Using gender – specifically masculinity – as an “intersection,” it addresses key questions that both help to explain, but also further trouble, the way in which the “impaired” male body is both represented and lived in China today. Although recent research across the disciplines is revealing more and more about pre-modern and contemporary understandings of, and responses to, disability in China, little is known about the way in which gendered identities intersect and interact with disabled identities. From “gentlemen” and “heroes” to “real men” and “disabled men,” this article examines dominant historical and contemporary images of masculinity and disability, and illustrates how they have come to frame the way in which disabled men have been viewed and view themselves. And, through the close reading of the memoirs of one young man, Zhang Yuncheng, it reveals the possibilities and limitations through which gendered behaviours are formed and enacted on an individual level when set against Chinese discourses of disability, normalcy, and gender.


How Leaders Shape Compassion Processes in Organizations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica C. Worline ◽  
Jane E. Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Power ◽  
Organizational Responses ◽  
Express Emotion ◽  
Theoretical View ◽  
Attention To Pain ◽  
The Way

This chapter focuses on how leaders matter for the expression of compassion in organizations. Leaders are imbued with both instrumental and symbolic power to shape individual and organizational responses to suffering. To understand how leaders impact a system’s compassionate responses, we focus on leadership moves, defined as actions taken by leaders in relation to those who are suffering and/or those who are seeking to alleviate suffering. We identify twelve leadership moves and offer a theoretical view of how these twelve leaders’ moves impact the way emergent compassion processes unfold. We focus particularly on the importance of (1) how leadership moves shape the expression of suffering; (2) how leaders draw attention to pain; (3) how leaders feel and express emotion; and (4) how they frame and narrate suffering. This review illuminates the variety of ways that leaders matter and invites further research into new questions about compassion and leadership.

scholarly journals Negative Romanticism: An Exploration of a Sense of Isolation in Yushij's Afsaneh

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hussein Oroskhan ◽  
Esmaeil Zohdi
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Persian Literature ◽  
Romantic Poet ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Obscure Origin ◽  
The Way

From its beginning in the academic studies during the later nineteenth century, Romanticism has provoked ongoing debates over the nature of its definition. Nonetheless Morse Peckham has satisfactorily settled this matter by indicating that romanticism has dramatically altered the way of thinking therefore it should be distinctively met. For this purpose, he proposed that dealing with the concept of romanticism necessitate dividing it into two concepts of negative and positive romanticism in which a transition is occurred from negative romanticism to positive romanticism however in some cases this transition may not become completed and is lead to the obscure origin of the sense of isolation among various romantic poets. To clearly illustrate Peckham's notion of negative romanticism, it is tried to explore Nima Yushij's Afsaneh who is known to be the most romantic poet of Persian literature. Based upon Peckham's notion of negative romanticism, Nima's sense of despair and isolation in Afsaneh is fully justified and it is highly suggested that Peckham's new perspective toward romanticism can eventually settle the conflicting views on the subject of Romanticism.

scholarly journals Promoting Spanish Language in the Philippines: Politics, Representations, and Discourses

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Miguel Díaz Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Pierre Bourdieu ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Symbolic Power ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Language Promotion ◽  
National Languages ◽  
The Way

Over 150 languages are spoken in the Philippines. Considering that only English and Filipino are the official national languages, this is a contentious arena in the Philippines. In this context, the Spanish government has been promoting the Spanish language, adding another layer of political meaning, bringing to the present some of the old colonial discourses. This article explores Spain’s promotion of the Spanish language in the Philippines. Following a semiotic approach, it analyses Spanish official discourses on language and the way that they are represented in several Spanish official exhibitions about the Philippines. This work argues that the Spanish language is portrayed in terms of symbolic power. Furthermore, focusing on Pierre Bourdieu´s concepts, the politics of the Spanish language promotion are analysed in the midst of those language policies at play in the Philippines.

Użyteczna czy bezużyteczna? Bomba atomowa w twórczości Jacka Dukaja

2017 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Olga Dawidowicz-Chymkowska
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Symbolic Power ◽  
Fantasy Literature ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Atomic Weapons ◽  
Contemporary Novel ◽  
Ecological Experiments ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Way

The article discusses the way of functioning of an atomic bomb in Jacek Dukaj’s works. A lot of attention is particularly paid to the analysis of the functions the A-bomb fulfils in this writer’s contemporary novel – Xavras Wyżryn. It is indicated that Dukaj used mainly symbolic power of atomic weapons in this work. The system of negative associations and emotions relating to these weapons clashed with the Polish messianic tradition of struggle for independence, which served as a basis for reflection on the issue of terrorism. In Dukaj’s novel, an atomic bomb is not the part of a coherent futurological vision or the basis for a deeper reflection concerning the civilization threats. In the writer’s later works, in which the reflection is clearly present, nuclear weapons no longer play a significant role. The threats presented are of different nature: they are connected with genetic, memetic or ecological experiments. The example of Dukaj’s works – the way in which the atomic weapons are present and absent in it – is a starting point for a hypothesis on the reduced attractiveness of nuclear weapons as a motif of the fantasy literature. Although they still carry a huge emotional load, at present the civilization concerns, which expressed themselves as the fear of nuclear weapons – e.g. the fear of excessive power of the mankind, the fear of selfdestruction or the changes taking place in the human species, to a great extent have shifted elsewhere.

scholarly journals RELASI SOSIAL BUDAYA ATA KROWE DAN GUNUNG MAPITARA

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Putri Novita Taniardi
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Symbolic Power ◽  
Ritual Communication ◽  
Sacred Mountain ◽  
Special Meaning ◽  
The Way

This paper discusses about a relation between Mount Mapitara and Ata Krowe. Mount Mapitara is a sacred mountain that has a special meaning for Ata Krowe. Ata Krowe is a name for Krowe people who lived in Krowe adat area in Kabupaten Sikka, East Nusa Tenggara on Flores Island. The question raised in this paper is: what is the meaning of Mount Mapitara for Ata Krowe and how does that meaning was symbolized by material culture among Ata Krowe. To answer these questions, the research has been conducted to explore the way material culture were being used as symbols that related to the existence of Mount Mapitara. This study is applying this study was applying theory of symbols which refer to Michael Shanks and Christopher Tilley’s theory of ideology, symbolic power, and ritual communication. This theory was applied to identifiy the use of material cultures as symbol in a certain place and to define the symbol that related to Mount Mapitara. The research result indicate that there is material culture named wu’a mahe that has special meaning for Ata Krowe. Wu’a mahe is a stone altar that believed as a place where the ancestor had lived, before they were getting purified and move into Mount Mapitara as a perpetual place to stay. This paper is focusing on the relation between Mount Mapitara and Ata Krowe that can be seen from the use of material culture as symbols.  Tulisan ini mendiskusikan tentang relasi antara gunung Mapitara dan Ata Krowe. Gunung Mapitara adalah gunung yang disakralkan dan memiliki makna penting bagi Ata Krowe. Ata Krowe adalah sebutan bagi orang-orang yang tinggal di wilayah adat Krowe di Kabupaten Sikka, Nusa Tenggara Timur di Pulau Flores. Pertanyaan yang dimunculkan dalam tulisan ini adalah apa makna Gunung Mapitara bagi Ata Krowe dan bagaimana pemaknaan tersebut disimbolkan dengan budaya materi yang ada pada Ata Krowe. Untuk menjawab pertanyaanpertanyaan tersebut, penelitian telah dilakukan untuk menggali informasi penggunaan budaya materi sebagai simbol yang berelasi dengan keberadaan Gunung Mapitara. Studi ini menerapkan teori simbol, merujuk teori yang digunakan oleh Michael Shanks dan Christopher Tilley: idelogi, kuasa simbolis, dan komunikasi ritual. Teori ini diterapkan untuk mengindentifikasi penggunaan budaya materi sebagai simbol yang ada pada tempat tertentu dan mendefinisikan simbol yang berelasi dengan Gunung Mapitara. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat budaya materi bernama wu’a mahe yang memiliki makna khusus bagi Ata Krowe. Wu’a mahe adalah altar batu yang dipercaya sebagai tempat tinggal arwah leluhur sebelum disucikan dan nantinya pindah ke Gunung Mapitara sebagai tempat tinggal abadinya. Secara khusus, tulisan ini menekankan pada relasi antara Gunung Mapitara dan Ata Krowe dengan memperhatikan penggunaan budaya materi sebagai simbol.

scholarly journals Grundtvig og Billeder

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Niels Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Basic Language ◽  
Romantic Poet ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Hebrew Language ◽  
Rational Understanding ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Brain ◽  
The Way

Grundtvig and ImagesBy Niels ThomsenWhat statements Grundtvig makes about art - pictures, sculpture, poetry - are cautious or even negative. It appears clearly from his great poem I Know o f a Land from 1824 with its disassociation from the art conception of Romanticism and its belief that eternity could be grasped in art. It is further elaborated in some letters to the Romantic poet Ingemann in 1837-38, in which Grundtvig may well appreciate art as the trace of the spirit, but emphasizes that where the trace of the spirit is mistaken for the spirit itself, it will lead to idolatry of art and to inane barbarism.Grundtvig’s guarded attitude to pictorial art may seem surprising since few poets have been so visually gifted as he was, as it is shown in a number of his hymns and songs: O Christendom, Ancestral Land by the Billowing Shore, If Your Hand You Have Put to the Plough o f the Lord.Many of the images in Grundtvig’s poems bear such a resemblance to pictures and mosaics from Antiquity and medieval times that it might be supposed that Grundtvig was familiar with them, but he was not. It is a much more likely explanation that Grundtvig sees in the same way as pictorial artists do. Grundtvig himself theorizes in several places about his use of imagery which he explains on the basis of his view of the Hebrew language with its abundance of imagery as the basic language, but it is argued in the present article that it is of equal importance that fundamentally Grundtvig thinks and perceives in images. His theological perception is clarified through the images he sees before him. The images seem to offer themselves to him before the rational understanding, a form of perception that he shares with the Semitic Apocalyptics of the first centuries.It is one thing that Grundtvig has not met with the spirit in art. It is quite another that pictorial artists have been abundantly inspired by Grundtvig’s imagery. This is demonstrated in Joakim Skovgaard’s and Sven Havsteen-Mikkelsen’s pictorial interpretation of The Blessed Day we See with Joy. But the rich imagery of precisely that hymn demonstrates at the same time how impossible it is to exhaust, in physical pictures, the visions seen by Grundtvig. This must be seen in the context of Grundtvig’s understanding of the corporal and the incorporeal. Faith needs images in order that Christianity may not turn into a figment of the brain, but if one believes that the spirit can be captured in physical pictures, one is on the way to idolatry.

Challenging the Spatial and Temporal Constraints of the Body: The Online/Offline Presence of Bodybuilders in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel Baas
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Temporal Constraints ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
The Real ◽  
Personal Trainers ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
The Way ◽  
Being And Becoming

Abstract This article focuses on the way Indian bodybuilders negotiate spatial and temporal constraints offline (in “real” life) as well as online. These bodybuilders, who often make a living as personal trainers, display and advertise their bodies online in various stages of being and becoming, ranging from off-season/bulking stage to on-season/cutting stage when they start making the body ready for competition. This article discusses what it means to have an offline body that represents one temporal stage while at the same time maintaining a plethora of such (previous) stages online, to be consulted by others (e.g., aspiring bodybuilders, clients, and admirers). This article shows how these bodily representations and realities interact with various expectations and idealizations of the male body. The article proposes to think through the (re)presentation of these bodies via the dyad of im/mortality. The immortal body here is one that is multiple and can be accessed/consulted online by others at all times. The mortal body, in contrast, exists in or represents reality offline, referencing a state of becoming and eventual unbecoming. This article explores the tension produced through this opposition between questions of mortality offline and the quest for immortality online. While this article takes this oppositional structure as its point of departure, its ultimate aim is to upset the various dyads it builds on to show that the (bodybuilder’s) body always occupies multiple spheres across time and space, ultimately producing a hybridization of the real.

scholarly journals Feminization or Homoeroticism: The Double Standard of Male Body

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Sharmila Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Double Standard ◽  
Feminist Movement ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Fashion Magazines ◽  
Female Gaze ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
The Way

The representation of human body in popular culture has always been a matter of controversy. This controversy applied and still applies in women's body, particularly in commercials. The feminist critics accuse that women are objectified in the popular culture. The feminist movement of 1960’s did not only raise the issues of female rights upon their own body; however, it brought change in the meaning of men's body as well. The meaning of men's body came in equal manner in-line with female body in social landscape. The objectification of male body in popular culture remains crucial. The male's body has become a matter of gaze, which is not only a female gaze but voyeuristic gaze of males themselves. The sexually overloaded images of males in fashion magazines, newspapers, commercials have changed the way we see the males' body as brave, strong, and tough. The male's body, however, has been feminized as an erotic body along with masculine adjectives in Paco Rabanne's perfume commercials.

Self-sacrifice for in-group's history: A diachronic perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Babińska ◽  
Michal Bilewicz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Emotional Events ◽  
Reciprocal Process ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe problem of extended fusion and identification can be approached from a diachronic perspective. Based on our own research, as well as findings from the fields of social, political, and clinical psychology, we argue that the way contemporary emotional events shape local fusion is similar to the way in which historical experiences shape extended fusion. We propose a reciprocal process in which historical events shape contemporary identities, whereas contemporary identities shape interpretations of past traumas.

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