Golgi Apparatus in Tip Cells of Pisum sativum Primary Roots

1968 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Gordon C. Spink ◽  
G. B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Tip Cells

Observations of the Golgi Apparatus in Pisum Primary Roots

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Gordon C. Spink
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Garden Pea ◽  
Wall Area ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Columella Cells

It is known that the product of the Golgi apparatus vesicles is deposited at and localized in the cell wall. This is accomplished by the formation of the hypertrophied dictyosomes and the subsequent movement of these vesicles to the plasma membrane (Fig. 1). After fusion with the plasma membrane, the secreted material is released into the cell wall area and, in some plants under appropriate conditions, moves outward through the cell wall and appears as a droplet on the root tip.In primary roots of Pisum sativum, var. Alaska (common garden pea) the Golgi apparatus vesicle product accumulates between the plasma membrane and the cell wall, particularly in those cells at the extreme tip of the root. These cells are formed at the acropetal end of the columella cells.

C. elegans as a model system to study the function of the COG complex in animal development

2006 ◽  
Vol 387 (8) ◽  
pp. 1031-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihiko Kubota ◽  
Kiyoji Nishiwaki
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Complex Function ◽  
Model System ◽  
Secreted Proteins ◽  
Animal Development ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Cog Complex ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Distal Tip Cells ◽  
Tip Cells

AbstractThe conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex is an octameric protein complex associated with the Golgi apparatus and is required for proper sorting and glycosylation of Golgi resident enzymes and secreted proteins. Although COG complex function has been extensively studied at the cellular and subcellular levels, its role in animal development mostly remains unknown. Recently, mutations in the components of the COG complex were found to cause abnormal gonad morphogenesis inCaenorhabditis elegans. InC. elegans, the COG complex acts in the glycosylation of an ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) family protein, MIG-17, which directs migration of gonadal distal tip cells to lead gonad morphogenesis. This is the first link between the COG complex and the function of an ADAM protease that is directly involved in organ morphogenesis, demonstrating the potential ofC. elegansas a model system to study COG function in animal development.

The arrangement of Pisum chromosomes in interphase

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Wolff ◽  
Hans-Dietrich Quednau
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Multiple Tests ◽  
Nucleolar Organizing Region ◽  
Tests Of Significance ◽  
Chromosome Position ◽  
Somatic Pairing ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

Root tip cells of Pisum sativum were analyzed for the position of two chromosomes (4 and 7) that carry the nucleolar organizing region. Because of a characteristic heterochromatic pattern of these chromosomes, they can be identified in interphase. The positions of these regions were measured in relation to the center of the nucleus and to one another. The values were statistically evaluated by means of multiple tests of significance. The results discussed show clearly that in P. sativum cells the distribution of the nucleolar organizing chromosomes is not random and that the chromosomes analysed occupy special sites. There was no evidence that homologous chromosomes are more adjacent than heterologous ones, nor that morphologically similar chromosomes are neighbours. The present investigations have also shown that the position of the chromosomes is altered if the structure of the chromosomes is changed by reciprocal translocations.Key words: chromosome position, somatic pairing, translocation, heterochromatin, C-banding, multiple tests of significance.

scholarly journals Impact of Bisphenol A on seed germination, radicle length and cytogenetic alterations in Pisum sativum L

Caryologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sazada Siddiqui ◽  
Saad Abdurahamn Muhammad Al Amri ◽  
Huda Ahmed Al Ghamdy ◽  
Wadha Saad Saeed Alqahtani ◽  
Sarah Mohammed Alquyr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells ◽  
Radicle Length

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a global transpiring pollutant and an endocrine disruptor present in the environment which has a substantial harmful effect on plants. In the present study, its effects on seed germination, radicle length and cytogenetic alterations were investigated in Pisum sativum L root tip cells. Pisum sativum L seeds were germinated after treating with various concentrations of BPA (2 mg/L, 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 20 mg/L and 25 mg/L) at 24±1°C for 72 hours and the cytogenetic variations were assessed. The investigation showed that BPA reduced the percentage of seed germination, mitotic index, radicle length (at higher concentrations) and instigated a rise in chromosomal anomalies in a dose-related manner. In total, there is an enhanced occurrence of c-mitosis, stickiness, bridges, fragments and laggards in the BPA treated root tip cells of Pisum sativum L seeds.

scholarly journals Differential distribution of xyloglucan glycosyl transferases in pea Golgi dictyosomes and secretory vesicles

1990 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-710
Author(s):  
DAVID A. BRUMMELL ◽  
ANNE CAMIRANDE ◽  
GORDON A. MACLACHLAN
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Membrane Preparation ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
Differential Distribution ◽  
Microsomal Membranes ◽  
Isopycnic Centrifugation

Rate-zonal centrifugation of pea (Pisum sativum var. Alaska) stem microsomal membranes on a linear Renografln gradient separated Golgi secretory vesicles from dictyosomes. Secretory vesicles possessed high levels of xyloglucan fucosyl transferase activity, which effects the final decoration of stem xyloglucan side-chains, but lacked substantial xyloglucan xylosyl transferase activity, which is required for the synthesis of the xyloglucan backbone. In contrast, total dictyosomal membranes possessed both fucosyl and xylosyl transferase activities. Isopycnic centrifugation of a homogenized dictyosome-enriched membrane preparation on a shallower Renografln gradient indicated that lighter dictyosomal membranes possessed xylosyl transferase but relatively little fucosyl transferase activity. The bulk of the dictyosomal membranes formed a denser peak in which xylosyl and fucosyl transferase activities codistributed. Thus a differential localization of function in the Golgi apparatus during biosynthesis of xyloglucan is indicated. A tentative mechanism is suggested in which the elaboration of the glucose-xylose backbone is initiated in lighter dictyosomal membranes, backbone synthesis is concluded and fucosylation begun in denser dictyosomal membranes, and fucosylation completed in Golgi secretory vesicles during transport of xyloglucan to the cell wall.

A polygalacturonase localized in the Golgi apparatus in Pisum sativum

2017 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Ohashi ◽  
Jun Jinno ◽  
Yoshiyuki Inoue ◽  
Shoko Ito ◽  
Kazuhito Fujiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Golgi Apparatus

scholarly journals Structural Evidence of Programmed Cell Death Induction by Tungsten in Root Tip Cells of Pisum sativum

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis-Dimosthenis Adamakis ◽  
Eleftherios Eleftheriou
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Golgi Bodies ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

Previous studies have shown that excess tungsten (W), a rare heavy metal, is toxic to plant cells and may induce a kind of programmed cell death (PCD). In the present study we used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to investigate the subcellular malformations caused by W, supplied as 200 mg/L sodium tungstate (Na2WO4) for 12 or 24 h, in root tip cells of Pisum sativum (pea), The objective was to provide additional evidence in support of the notion of PCD induction and the presumed involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is shown ultrastructurally that W inhibited seedling growth, deranged root tip morphology, induced the collapse and deformation of vacuoles, degraded Golgi bodies, increased the incidence of multivesicular and multilamellar bodies, and caused the detachment of the plasma membrane from the cell walls. Plastids and mitochondria were also affected. By TEM, the endoplasmic reticulum appeared in aggregations of straight, curved or concentric cisternae, frequently enclosing cytoplasmic organelles, while by CLSM it appeared in bright ring-like aggregations and was severely disrupted in mitotic cells. However, no evidence of ROS increase was obtained. Overall, these findings support the view of a W-induced vacuolar destructive PCD without ROS enhancement.

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