Distribution of Trichinella spiralis in the Small Intestine of Young Mice

1967 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Young Mice

The protease phenotype and crystalline nature of the granules of intraepithelial mast cells in Trichinella spiralis-infected mice

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 818-819
Author(s):  
D.S. Friend ◽  
N. Ghildyal ◽  
M.F. Gurish ◽  
K.F. Austen ◽  
R.L. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Carboxypeptidase A ◽  
C3h Mice ◽  
Granule Morphology ◽  
Crystalline Nature

Trichinella spiralis induces a profound mastocytosis and eosinophilia in the small intestine of the infected mouse. Mouse mast cells (MC) store in their granules various combinations of at least five chymotryptic chymases [designated mouse MC protease (mMCP) 1 to 5], two tryptic proteases designated mMCP-6 and mMCP-7 and an exopeptidase, carboxypeptidase A (mMC-CPA). Using antipeptide, protease -specific antibodies to these MC granule proteases, immunohistochemistry was done to determine the distribution, number and protease phenotype of the MCs in the small intestine and spleen 10 to >60 days after Trichinella infection of BALB/c and C3H mice. TEM was performed to evaluate the granule morphology of the MCs between intestinal epithelial cells and in the lamina propria (mucosal MCs) and in the submucosa, muscle and serosa of the intestine (submucosal MCs).As noted in the table below, the number of submucosal MCs remained constant throughout the study. In contrast, on day 14, the number of MCs in the mucosa increased ~25 fold. Increased numbers of MCs were observed between epithelial cells in the mucosal crypts, in the lamina propria and to a lesser extent, between epithelial cells of the intestinal villi.

In vivo changes in the intestinal reflexes and the response to CCK in the inflamed small intestine of the rat

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (3) ◽  
pp. G543-G551 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Torrents ◽  
P. Vergara
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Residual Response ◽  
Abnormal Motor

Functional motor changes and morphological alterations have been associated with intestinal inflammation. The aim of our study was to evaluate functional alterations of intestinal reflexes and of the responses to CCK in the Trichinella spiralis model of intestinal inflammation. Rats were prepared with strain gauges and electrodes in the small intestine to evaluate spontaneous motor activity, the ascending contraction of the peristaltic reflex, and the motor responses to CCK-8 infusion. Infected animals showed increased motor activity at the duodenum and jejunum but not at the ileum. Ascending contraction was increased in both duodenum and ileum. Ascending excitation after Nω-nitro-l-arginine was still increased as well as the residual response after atropine. Response to CCK-8 during intestinal inflammation was changed in the jejunum, in which it turned from the inhibition shown in healthy animals to excitation. NADPH-diaphorase staining did not show any changes between distribution and density of positive neurons in either healthy or infected animals. In conclusion, intestinal inflammation induces functional changes in the motor activity that could explain the abnormal motor responses observed in inflammatory disorders.

scholarly journals Effect of Chronic Consumption of Sweeteners on Microbiota and Immunity in the Small Intestine of Young Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Martínez-Carrillo ◽  
C. A. Rosales-Gómez ◽  
N. Ramírez-Durán ◽  
A. A. Reséndiz-Albor ◽  
J. A. Escoto-Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Group B ◽  
Young Mice

The consumption of sweeteners has increased as a measure to reduce the consumption of calories and thus combat obesity and diabetes. Sweeteners are found in a large number of products, so chronic consumption has been little explored. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of chronic sweetener consumption on the microbiota and immunity of the small intestine in young mice. We used 72 CD1 mice of 21 days old, divided into 3 groups: (i) No treatment, (ii) Group A (6 weeks of treatment), and (iii) Group B (12 weeks of treatment). Groups A and B were divided into 4 subgroups: Control (CL), Sucrose (Suc), Splenda® (Spl), and Svetia® (Sv). The following were determined: anthropometric parameters, percentage of lymphocytes of Peyer’s patches and lamina propria, IL-6, IL-17, leptin, resistin, C-peptide, and TNF-α. From feces, the microbiota of the small intestine was identified. The BMI was not modified; the mice preferred the consumption of Splenda® and Svetia®. The percentage of CD3+ lymphocytes in Peyer’s patches was increased. In the lamina propria, Svetia® increased the percentage of CD3+ lymphocytes, but Splenda® decreases it. The Splenda® and Svetia® subgroups elevate leptin, C-peptide, IL-6, and IL-17, with reduction of resistin. The predominant genus in all groups was Bacillus. The chronic consumption of sweeteners increases the population of lymphocytes in the mucosa of the small intestine. Maybe, Bacillus have the ability to adapt to sweeteners regardless of the origin or nutritional contribution of the same.

Blast cell activity in mice inflected with Hymenolepis nana, H. diminuta and Trichinella spiralis: in vivo uptake of 125IUdR in lymphoid tissues and gut

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gabriele ◽  
A. R. Ecca ◽  
D. Wakelin ◽  
C. Palmas
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Blast Cell ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACTThe kinetics of the lymphoblast response in mice during the course of a primary infection with Hymenolepis nana was measured by the in vivo uptake of 125IUdR. The response was most marked in tissues local to the site of infection, involving to nodes draining the small intestine but not other areas, e.g., inguinal lymph nodes. A close correlation between these responses and the course of inflection was observed. Uptake of 125IUdR was greatest in the mesenteric lymph node (MLN) but the peak reached in this organ was later than that in Peyer's patches (PP), small intestine (SI) and spleen (S). The increase in lymphoblast activity of the MLN was similar with Trichinella spiralis; no significant blast cell response to inflection with H. diminuta was found till day 9 after injection, the results being similar to those obtained when H. nana inflections were established using cysticercoids rather than eggs. It has been shown that the increase in lymphoblast activity was closely correlated with the presence of cells which are most effective in adoptive transfer immunity. A dose-dependent effect was detected in blast cell activity of MLN in different inflection levels with T. spiralis and H. nana.

scholarly journals Pharmacological activity and targeted delivery of supramolecular fenbendazole obtained by mechanochemical technology with various components

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
A. I. Varlamova ◽  
I. A. Arkhipov ◽  
V. E. Abramov ◽  
M. V. Arisov ◽  
S. S. Khalikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Disodium Salt ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trace Quantity ◽  
Intestinal Nematode ◽  
Licorice Extract ◽  
Sodium Dioctyl

The purpose of the research is studying the influence of various components on the targeted delivery of fenbendazole and evaluation of their efficacy in mice experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis.Materials and methods. The experiment used 80 white mice experimentally infected with T. spiralis, at a dose of 200 larvae per animal. Each group of 10 animals was administered intragastrically solid dispersion of fenbendazole (SDF) with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), arabinogalactan (AG), disodium salt of glycyrrhizinic acid (Na2 GA), sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (SDS), licorice extract (LE) and hydroxyethyl starch (HES) at a single dose of 2.0 mg/kg of active substance as compared with the fenbendazole substance at the same dose. The control group did not receive the drug. The anthelmintic efficacy was studied by the results of necropsy of the small intestine of mice on the second day after drugs administration. The concentration of fenbendazole and its metabolites in the small intestine was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection.Results and discussion. SDF with PVP, AG, Na2 GA, SDS, LE and HES showed 98.0, 94.9, 96.6, 100, 86.0 and 81.0% efficacy against intestinal nematode T. spiralis at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg of AS (fenbendazole). The maximum concentration of fenbendazole and its metabolites – sulfone and sulfoxide - was determined in the small intestine wall of animals on the second day after SDF with SDS administration and amounted to 3117.8, 614.6 and 2998.6 ng/g respectively. After fenbendazole substance administration, the drug and its metabolites were found in trace quantity. 

Immunological interactions between Trichinella spiralis and Trichuris muris in the intestine of the mouse

Parasitology ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Burce ◽  
D. Wakelin
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trichuris Muris ◽  
Immunological Interactions ◽  
Concurrent Infections ◽  
Cross Immunity

In outbred (CFLP) and inbred (NIH) mice, the inflammatory response which is thought to be party responsible for the expulsion of Trichinella spiralis from the mid-region of the small intestine, also seemed to be largely responsible fo rthe simulataneous (i.e. early) expulsion of Trichuris muris from the caecum and large intestine during concurrent primary infections. The intractive explusion operated only when the concurrent infections were timed to produce T. Spiralis expulsion before T. muris expulsion would normally occur and the effect persisted for several days after T. Spiralis has been expelled.Interactive expulsion wasss depressed during application of the nonsteroid, anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin and by T-cell expulsion of T. spiralis. These results indicate that a T-cell mediated inflammatory response was probably the basis of the interaction.When the timing of the infections was altered such that the expulsion of T. spiralis there was no reciprocal ecpulsion of the latter. Mice immunized againest one or the other species did not show cross-immunity on heterologus challenge, confirming that the interaction did not involve similar antigens in the two species. The interactive expulsive response is considered as an example of an indirect cross-immunity.

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