Why Is Canada's Unemployment Rate Persistently Higher than in the United States?

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Craig Riddell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
The United States

The Nexus Between Johannesburg Stock Exchange and the United States Unemployment Rate Announcement: An Impulse Response Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3(J)) ◽  
pp. 160-168
Author(s):  
Misheck Mutize ◽  
Victor Virimai Mugobo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South African ◽  
Impulse Response ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
The United States ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Johannesburg Stock Exchange ◽  
The Us

The study explores the relationship between the unemployment rate in the United States and South Africa’s stock prices from the beginning of 2013 to the last day 2017. The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of the US unemployment rate announcement on the South African financial market. Results of Impulse Response analysis show that there is a very minimal impact from the US unemployment announcement to South Africa’s stock prices which disappears within two days of the announcement. In addition, the Johannesburg stock exchange index marginally responds to own shocks, which marginally fades away within two days. These findings imply that the changes in the US employment policies have a direct ripple effect on the South African macroeconomic environment, its investing public sentiments and corporate confidence on the future prospects of businesses.

Fingerprints of a New Normal Urban Air Quality in S5P TROPOMI Tropospheric NO2 Observations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shobha Kondragunta
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Air Quality ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
New Normal

<p>Most countries around the world took actions to control COVID-19 spread that included social distancing, limiting air and ground travel, closing schools, suspending sports leagues, closing factories etc., leading to  economic shutdown. The reduced traffic and human movement compared to Business as Usual (BAU) scenario was tracked by Apple and Android cellphone use; the data showed substantial reductions in mobility in most metropolitan areas.  We analyzed reductions in on-road mobile NOx emissions from light and heavy duty vehicles in four major metropolitan and one rural areas in the United States that showed a reduction in NOx mobile emissions from 9% to 19% between February and March at the onset of lockdown in the middle of March; between March and April, the mobile NOx emissions dropped further by 8% to 31% when lockdown measures were the most stringiest.  These precipitous drops in NOx emissions correlated well with tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> column amount observed by Sentinel 5 Precursor TROPospheric Ozone Monitoring Instrument (S5P TROPOMI).  Further, the changes in TROPOMI tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> across the continental U.S. between 2020 and 2019 correlated well with changes in on-road NOx emissions (r=0.78) but correlated weakly with changes in emissions from the power plants (r=0.44). These findings confirm that power plants are no longer the major source of NO<sub>2</sub> in the United States. We also examined correlation between increase in unemployment rate between 2020 and 2019 to decrease in tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> amount.  The negative correlation indicates that with increased unemployment rate combined with telework policies across the nation for non-essential workers, the NO<sub>2</sub> values decreased at the rate of 0.8 µmoles/m<sup>2</sup> decrease per unit percentage increase in unemployment rate.  There is a substantial amount of scatter in the data with some cities such as Atlanta, Dallas, and Houston showing no noticeable trend in tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> changes during the time period when unemployment rate increased from 6% to 12%.   We examined the trends in on-road and power plant emissions for five different locations (four urban areas and one rural area) and show that the changes in NOx emissions during the lockdown are detectable in TROPOMI tropNO2 data, the economic indicators are consistent with emissions changes, and the trends reversing with the removal of lockdown measures in the major metro areas have not come back to pre-pandemic levels.  The COVID-19 pandemic experience has provided the scientific community an opportunity to identify emissions reductions scenarios that created a new normal for urban air quality and if the environmental protection agencies should look at this new normal as a guidance for instituting new policies. </p>

Section II. Prospects for North America and Japan

1998 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Nigel Pain
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equity Prices ◽  
The Past

Economic activity accelerated sharply in the United States at the beginning of this year. GDP rose by 1¼ per cent in the first quarter, to a level 3.8 per cent higher than a year earlier. This was the fastest quarterly growth for two years. The acceleration in growth was unexpected given that the present cyclical expansion has now lasted for over seven years. Private sector demand is still continuing to be supported by the sustained appreciation in equity prices over the past three years, and the appreciation of the dollar has helped to hold down the inflationary pressures that are being built up as the labour market begins to tighten. The unemployment rate fell to 4.3 per cent in April, the lowest rate since 1970.

scholarly journals Local Labor Market Fluctuations and Physical Activity among Adults in the United States, 1990–2009

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruopeng An ◽  
Junyi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
The United States ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Local Labor Market

Being physically active is a key health promotion strategy. The late-2000s economic downturn, labeled the “Great Recession,” could have profound impact on individuals' health behaviors including engagement in physical activity. We investigated the relationship between local labor market fluctuations and physical activity among adults 18 years and older in the United States by linking individual-level data in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 1990–2009 waves to unemployment rate data by residential county and survey month/year. The association between labor market fluctuations and physical activity was examined in multivariate regressions with county and month/year fixed effects. Deteriorating labor market conditions were found to predict decreases in physical activity—a one percentage point increase in monthly county unemployment rate was on average associated with a reduction in monthly moderate-intensity physical activity of 0.18 hours. There was some preliminary evidence on the heterogeneous responses of physical activity to local labor market fluctuations across age and income groups and races/ethnicities. Findings of this study suggest special attentions to be paid to the potential detrimental impact of major recessions on physical activity. This correlational study has design and measurement limitations. Future research with longitudinal or experimental study design is warranted.

New Estimates of Prewar Gross National Product and Unemployment

1986 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Romer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Business Cycle ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Serial Correlation ◽  
Gross National Product ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Product ◽  
Okun’S Law ◽  
Okun's Law ◽  
The Business Cycle

The paper examines in detail revised estimates of unemployment and gross national product for the United States before 1929. It first discusses the nature of the revisions to each series and contrasts the assumptions underlying the new data with those underlying the Kuznets GNP series and the Lebergott unemployment rate series. It then examines the business cycle properties of the new prewar estimates. In analyzes the volatility and serial correlation properities of the new macroeconomic series and investigates the Okun's Law relationship between unemployment and GNP, concluding with an evaluation of the assumptions underlying the old and new data.

scholarly journals Association between the unemployment rate and inpatient cost per discharge by payer in the United States, 2005–2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared Lane K Maeda ◽  
Rachel Mosher Henke ◽  
William D Marder ◽  
Zeynal Karaca ◽  
Bernard S Friedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Inpatient Cost

scholarly journals Testing effects of hospitality employment on property crime in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 135481662110011
Author(s):  
Giuliano Bianchi ◽  
Yong Chen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Testing Effects ◽  
Cost Of Crime ◽  
Negative Causation ◽  
The One

This study aims to model the effect of hospitality employment on property crime in economic crime equations, in which unemployment either indicates the opportunity cost of crime or suggests the decrease of targets. We developed a model of property crime that incorporates both unemployment rate and hospitality employment, in which the effect of unemployment rate on property crime is controlled to isolate the net effect of hospitality employment. We tested the model with the data of hospitality employment and property crime rates in the United States from 1972 to 2012, for which the date are available. On the one hand, we verified a negative causation from unemployment rate to property crime, suggesting that high unemployment rates reduce the targets of criminal activities, which in turn reduces property crime. On the other hand, by controlling for the effect of unemployment rate, we found a significantly negative causation from hospitality employment to property crime, suggesting that the decrease in property crime is due to hospitality employment that increases the opportunity cost of property crime.

scholarly journals Recessions and the Trend in the US Unemployment Rate

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kurt G. Lunsford
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Vector Autoregression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Us

The unemployment rate in the United States falls slowly in expansions, and it may not reach its previous low point before the next recession begins. Based on this feature, I document that the frequent recessions prior to 1983 are associated with an upward trend in the unemployment rate. In contrast, the long expansions beginning in 1983 are associated with a downward trend. I then estimate a two-variable vector autoregression (VAR) that includes the unemployment rate and a recession indicator. Long-horizon forecasts from this VAR conditioned on no future recessions project that the unemployment rate will go to 3.6 percent after a long period with no recessions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document