The Influence of Pitch on Time Perception in Short Melodies

1995 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Crowder ◽  
Ian Neath
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Silent Interval ◽  
Experimental Task ◽  
Temporal Separation ◽  
Pitch Difference ◽  
Wide Gap ◽  
Perceived Duration

The pitch difference between tones defining the boundaries of a silent interval affects the perceived duration of that interval. In three replications of our experimental task, we found that when subjects compared the durations of the two silent intervals defined by a three- tone "melody," the tones were perceived as having a greater temporal separation if a wide gap in pitch separated the two tones than if a narrow pitch gap separated the tones, even when the objective timing was identical.

scholarly journals Perceptual Content, Not Physiological Signals, Determines Perceived Duration When Viewing Dynamic, Natural Scenes

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Suárez-Pinilla ◽  
Kyriacos Nikiforou ◽  
Zafeirios Fountas ◽  
Anil K. Seth ◽  
Warrick Roseboom
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Physiological Signals ◽  
Perceptual Content ◽  
Natural Scenes ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Recent Proposal ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Scene Content ◽  
Perceived Duration

The neural basis of time perception remains unknown. A prominent account is the pacemaker-accumulator model, wherein regular ticks of some physiological or neural pacemaker are read out as time. Putative candidates for the pacemaker have been suggested in physiological processes (heartbeat), or dopaminergic mid-brain neurons, whose activity has been associated with spontaneous blinking. However, such proposals have difficulty accounting for observations that time perception varies systematically with perceptual content. We examined physiological influences on human duration estimates for naturalistic videos between 1–64 seconds using cardiac and eye recordings. Duration estimates were biased by the amount of change in scene content. Contrary to previous claims, heart rate, and blinking were not related to duration estimates. Our results support a recent proposal that tracking change in perceptual classification networks provides a basis for human time perception, and suggest that previous assertions of the importance of physiological factors should be tempered.

scholarly journals Aesthetic Preference and Time: Preferred Painting Dilates Time Perception

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402093990
Author(s):  
Lingjing Li ◽  
Yu Tian
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Reproduction Task ◽  
Aesthetic Preference ◽  
Temporal Reproduction ◽  
Time Perceptions ◽  
Aesthetic Preferences ◽  
Perceived Duration

In the domain of aesthetic preference, previous studies focused primarily on exploring the factors that influence aesthetic preference while neglecting to investigate whether aesthetic preference affects other psychological activities. This study sought to expand our understanding of time perception by examining whether aesthetic preference in viewing paintings influenced its perceived duration. Participants who preferred Chinese paintings ( n = 20) and participants who preferred western paintings ( n = 21) were recruited to complete a temporal reproduction task that measured their time perception of Chinese paintings and of western paintings. The results showed that participants who preferred Chinese paintings exhibited longer time perceptions for Chinese paintings than for western paintings, while the participants who preferred western paintings exhibited longer time perceptions for western paintings than for Chinese paintings. These results suggested that aesthetic preference could modulate our perceived duration of painting presentation. Specifically, individuals perceive longer painting presentation durations when exposed to the stimuli matching their aesthetic preferences.

scholarly journals The Varying Coherences of Implied Motion Modulates the Subjective Time Perception

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feiming Li ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Lei Jia ◽  
Jiahao Lu ◽  
Youping Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Implied Motion ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
Standard Duration ◽  
Mediating Factor ◽  
Temporal Bisection Task ◽  
Coherence Level ◽  
Perceived Duration

Previous research has demonstrated that duration of implied motion (IM) was dilated, whereas hMT+ activity related to perceptual processes on IM stimuli could be modulated by their motion coherence. Based on these findings, the present study aimed to examine whether subjective time perception of IM stimuli would be influenced by varying coherence levels. A temporal bisection task was used to measure the subjective experience of time, in which photographic stimuli showing a human moving in four directions (left, right, toward, or away from the viewer) were presented as probe stimuli. The varying coherence of these IM stimuli was manipulated by changing the percentage of pictures implying movement in one direction. Participants were required to judge whether the duration of probe stimulus was more similar to the long or short pre-presented standard duration. As predicted, the point of subjective equality was significantly modulated by the varying coherence of the IM stimuli, but not for no-IM stimuli. This finding suggests that coherence level might be a key mediating factor for perceived duration of IM images, and top-down perceptual stream from inferred motion could influence subjective experience of time perception.

Cerebral Asymmetry in the Perceived Duration of Color Stimuli

1980 ◽  
Vol 50 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1239-1246
Author(s):  
Sue A. Koch ◽  
Donald J. Polzella ◽  
Frank Da Polito
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Positive Function ◽  
Logarithmic Function ◽  
Cerebral Asymmetry ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Hemispheric Control ◽  
Perceived Duration

20 right-handed males judged the duration of small and large colored circles, which were briefly exposed in the left, center, and right visual fields. Perceived duration was a logarithmic function of exposure duration and a positive function of size and chromaticity. Over-all accuracy was equivalent in the left and right visual fields, but the effects of chromaticity and duration on subjects' judgments were asymmetrical. These and other findings suggest a two-process model of time perception in which there is right hemispheric control over a visual information processor and left hemispheric control over a timer.

The Effect of Emotional Spoken Words on Time Perception Depends on the Gender of the Speaker

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Mioni ◽  
Vincent Laflamme ◽  
Massimo Grassi ◽  
Simon Grondin
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Neutral Condition ◽  
Emotional Content ◽  
Female Voice ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Male Voice ◽  
Bisection Task ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Weber Ratio ◽  
Perceived Duration

The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of the emotional content of words marking brief intervals on the perceived duration of these intervals. Three independent variables were of interest: the gender of the person pronouncing the words, the gender of participants, and the valence (positive or negative) of the words in conjunction with their arousing properties. A bisection task was used and the tests, involving four different combinations of valence and arousing conditions (plus a neutral condition), were randomized within trials. The main results revealed that when the valence is negative, participants responded ‘short’ more often when words were pronounced by women rather than by men, and this effect occurred independently of the arousal condition. The results also revealed that overall, males responded ‘longer’more often than females. Finally, in the negative and low arousal condition, the Weber ratio was higher (lower sensitivity) when a male voice was used than when a female voice was used. This study shows that the gender of the person producing the stimuli whose duration is to be judged should be taken into account when analyzing the effect of emotion on time perception.

scholarly journals Separable temporal metrics for time perception and anticipatory actions

2011 ◽  
Vol 279 (1730) ◽  
pp. 854-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Welber Marinovic ◽  
Derek H. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Motion Adaptation ◽  
Rapid Motion ◽  
Apparent Duration ◽  
Sense Of Time ◽  
Interceptive Actions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Perceived Speed ◽  
Perceived Duration

Reliable estimates of time are essential for initiating interceptive actions at the right moment. However, our sense of time is surprisingly fallible. For instance, time perception can be distorted by prolonged exposure (adaptation) to movement. Here, we make use of this to determine if time perception and anticipatory actions rely on the same or on different temporal metrics. Consistent with previous reports, we find that the apparent duration of movement is mitigated by adaptation to more rapid motion, but is unchanged by adaptation to slower movement. By contrast, we find symmetrical effects of motion-adaptation on the timing of anticipatory interceptive actions, which are paralleled by changes in perceived speed for the adapted direction of motion. Our data thus reveal that anticipatory actions and perceived duration rely on different temporal metrics.

scholarly journals Linear vector models of time perception account for saccade and stimulus novelty interactions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Ghaderi ◽  
John Douglas Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Vector Model ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Scalar Model ◽  
Time Compression ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Behavioral Interaction ◽  
Visual Phenomena ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Perceived Duration

AbstractVarious models (e.g. scalar, state-dependent network, and vector models) have been proposed to explain the global aspects of time perception, but they have not been tested against specific visual phenomena like perisaccadic time compression and novel stimulus time dilation. Here, we tested how the perceived duration of a novel stimulus is influenced by 1) a simultaneous saccade, in combination with 2) a prior series of repeated stimuli in human participants. This yielded a novel behavioral interaction: pre-saccadic stimulus repetition neutralizes perisaccadic time compression. We then tested these results against simulations of the above models. Our data yielded low correlations against scalar model simulations, high but non-specific correlations for our feedforward neural network, and correlations that were both high and specific for a vector model based on identity of objective and subjective time. These results demonstrate the power of global time perception models in explaining disparate empirical phenomena and suggest that subjective time has a similar essence to time’s physical vector.

scholarly journals On the Distinction Between Perceived Duration and Event Timing: Towards a Unified Model of Time Perception

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Likelihood Function ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Unified Model ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Event Timing ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Perceived Duration

Time is a fundamental dimension of human perception, cognition and action, as the processing and cognition of temporal information is essential for everyday activities and survival. Innumerable studies have investigated the perception of time over the last 100 years, but the neural and computational bases for the processing of time remains unknown. Extant models of time perception are discussed before the proposition of a unified model of time perception that relates perceived event timing with perceived duration. The distinction between perceived event timing and perceived duration provides the current for navigating a river of contemporary approaches to time perception. Recent work has advocated a Bayesian approach to time perception. This framework has been applied to both duration and perceived timing, where prior expectations about when a stimulus might occur in the future (prior distribution) are combined with current sensory evidence (likelihood function) in order to generate the perception of temporal properties (posterior distribution). In general, these models predict that the brain uses temporal expectations to bias perception in a way that stimuli are ‘regularized’ i.e. stimuli look more like what has been seen before. As such, the synthesis of perceived timing and duration models is of theoretical importance for the field of timing and time perception.

scholarly journals Change biases identify the features that drive time perception

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
wouter kruijne ◽  
Hedderik van Rijn
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Temporal Discrimination ◽  
Sensory Response ◽  
Repetition Suppression ◽  
Visual Markers ◽  
Sense Of Time ◽  
Stimulus Features ◽  
Drive Time ◽  
Perceived Duration ◽  
Temporal Illusions

[This paper has not been peer reviewed. Please do not copy or cite without author's permission.] Time perception is malleable, and the perceived duration of stimuli can be strongly affected by the sensory response they evoke. Such ‘temporal illusions’ provide a window on how different sensory systems contribute to our sense of time. Evidence suggests that the sensory response to different features affects time perception to different extents, mediated by the level of arousal or surprise that they evoke. This, however, makes it difficult to disentangle effects of the sensory response itself from the derived arousal or surprise effects. Here, we demonstrate that time perception is differentially affected by different stimulus features when arousal and surprise are kept constant. In four temporal discrimination experiments, participants judged the duration of an interval marked by two briefly presented visual markers. Markers either repeated or changed along one of six feature dimensions, in a manner fully predictable to participants. Repetitions and changes would modulate sensory response magnitudes due to neural repetition suppression. Results showed that intervals were perceived as longer when markers changed in location, size or numerosity. Conversely, changes in face identity, orientation or luminance did not affect time perception. These results point to neural and functional selectivity in the way different stimulus features affect time perception.

The Filled-Duration Illusion: Limits of Duration of Interval and Auditory Fillers

1983 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph C. Ihle ◽  
William E. Wilsoncroft
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Time Perception ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Psychophysical Method ◽  
Short Intervals ◽  
Verbal Estimation ◽  
Perceived Duration

Two experiments were conducted to explore parameters of the filled-duration illusion, i.e., intervals filled with stimuli are perceived as longer than empty intervals of equal physical duration. It was hypothesized that the illusion would be found only for intervals of short duration, i.e., a few seconds, and that filled intervals would vary in perceived duration as a function of the type of “filler.” Auditory tones were used as boundary and filler stimuli in a counterbalanced (Exp. I) and randomized (Exp. II) design that covered 9 intervals ranging from 1 to 60 sec. A psychophysical method of verbal estimation with single stimuli was employed. The first hypothesis was supported in that only with the short intervals (1 and 3 sec.) was there any evidence of a filled-duration illusion. The type of filler stimulus was important only in the 1-sec. intervals. Results are interpreted in terms of information-processing models for time perception.

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