Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in the Bismarck Archipelago and Solomon Islands

Kew Bulletin ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Gillett
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago

Electrophoretic characterization of Solomon Islands populations of Nyctimene and Rousettus (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae).

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Macaranas ◽  
D Colgan ◽  
S Ingleby
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Allozyme Data ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Two Populations

The taxonomic status of fruitbats belonging to the genera Nyctimene and Rousettus from the Solomon Islands was investigated using allozyme electrophoresis. Two populations from the Bismarck Archipelago (Papua New Guinea) were included as reference profiles. The allozyme data at 23 loci assigned all specimens into either Nyctimene albiventer or Nyctimene major. The N. albiventer specimens comprised two subspecies, N. a. papuanus from the Bismarck Archipelago and N. a. bougainville from the Solomon Islands. No support was evident for bougainville being a separate species, and indeed the data suggest that N. a. bougainville encompasses the previously described species N. malaita and subspecies N. a. minor. Genetic distances between populations of R. amplexicaudatus from the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands were generally low, supporting recent morphological assessments that the subspecies hedigeri, from the majority of the Solomon Islands, should be considered synonymous with subspecies brachyotis. An individual from Choiseul (Solomon Islands) with a distinctive allozyme profile is the only evidence of taxonomic complexity in R. amplexicaudatus.

The Aphodiinae of New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands (Coleoptera : Scarabaeoidea)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. T. Stebnicka
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago

Fifty-five species are discussed, keyed and illustrated, including 17 species described as new: Airapus gazelle, A. hollandiae, A. nondugli, A. popondettae, A. wampuensis, A. wauus, Aphodius pseudoreichei, Ataenius warisensis, Cnematoplatys torricellensis, Rhyparus anneae, R. edieae, R. henryi, R. mokaiensis, R. sepikensis, R. sinewitensis, Saprosites enarotadii, S. komumi. Nine species are synonymised: Ataenius canaliculatus Schmidt and Euparia wonga Stebnicka [= Airapus granulator (Harold)]; Euparia frankenbergeri Balthasar and E. spuria Krikken [= Airapus parvispinus (Schmidt)]; E. papuana Petrovitz [= Airapus spinator (Harold)]; Rhyparus australiae Lea, R. orousseti Paulian and R. risbeci Paulian (= R. helophoroides Fairmaire); Saprosites ullrichi Stebnicka (= S. fodori Endrödi). Eleven of the New Guinean species also occur on mainland Australia; the remainder are mostly endemic to New Guinea and its adjacent islands.

Psilopsocidae and Myopsocidae (Insecta: Psocoptera) of the Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands and New Hebrides

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (16) ◽  
pp. 513-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. Smithers ◽  
I. W. B. Thornton
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
New Hebrides

Den sites and habitats utilised by the northern common cuscus Phalanger orientalis (Marsupialia: Phalangeridae) in East Timor.

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
TE Heinsohn
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
East Timor ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago

THOUGH a common and widespread phalangerid possum with populations occurring in Timor, the Moluccas, northern New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and Solomon Islands (Flannery 1994; Heinsohn 2000, 2002a; Heinsohn and Hope 2004); comparatively little research has been conducted on the ecology of the northern common cuscus (Phalanger orientalis). Its general niche is thought to be that of a nocturnal arboreal folivore, with frugivorous tendencies, and a preference for closed tropical forests (Heinsohn 1998a, 2000, 2002a).

scholarly journals Population Turnover in Remote Oceania Shortly After Initial Settlement

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Lipson ◽  
Pontus Skoglund ◽  
Matthew Spriggs ◽  
Frederique Valentin ◽  
Stuart Bedford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Skeletal Morphology ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Population Turnover ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
Genome Wide Data ◽  
Diverse Groups

SummaryAncient DNA analysis of three individuals dated to ~3000 years before present (BP) from Vanuatu and one ~2600 BP individual from Tonga has revealed that the first inhabitants of Remote Oceania (“First Remote Oceanians”) were almost entirely of East Asian ancestry, and thus their ancestors passed New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands with minimal admixture with the Papuan groups they encountered [1]. However, all present-day populations in Near and Remote Oceania harbor 25-100% Papuan ancestry, implying that there must have been at least one later stream of migration eastward from Near Oceania. We generated genome-wide data for 14 ancient individuals from Efate and Epi Islands in Vanuatu ranging from 3,000-150 BP, along with 185 present-day Vanuatu individuals from 18 islands. We show that people of almost entirely Papuan ancestry had arrived in Vanuatu by 2400 BP, an event that coincided with the end of the Lapita cultural period, changes in skeletal morphology, and the cessation of long-distance trade between Near and Remote Oceania [2]. First Remote Oceanian ancestry subsequently increased via admixture but remains at 10-20% in most islands. Through a fine-grained comparison of ancestry profiles in Vanuatu and Polynesia with diverse groups in Near Oceania, we find that Papuan ancestry in Vanuatu is consistent with deriving from the Bismarck Archipelago instead of the geographically closer Solomon Islands. Papuan ancestry in Polynesia also shows connections to the ancestry profiles present in the Bismarck Archipelago but is more similar to Tolai from New Britain and Tutuba from Vanuatu than to the ancient Vanuatu individuals and the great majority of present-day Vanuatu populations. This suggests a third eastward stream of migration from Near to Remote Oceania bringing a different type of Papuan ancestry.

scholarly journals The gateway into Remote Oceania: new insights from genome-wide data

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Pugach ◽  
Ana T. Duggan ◽  
D. Andrew Merriwether ◽  
Françoise R. Friedlaender ◽  
Jonathan S. Friedlaender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Population History ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Autosomal Snps ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
Genome Wide Data ◽  
Linguistic Divide ◽  
Founder Event

ABSTRACTA widely accepted two-wave scenario of human settlement of Oceania involves the first out-of-Africa migration ca 50,000 ya, and one of the most geographically-widespread dispersals of people, known as the Austronesian expansion, which reached the Bismarck Archipelago by about 3,450 ya. While earlier genetic studies provided evidence for extensive sex-biased admixture between the incoming and the indigenous populations, some archaeological, linguistic and genetic evidence indicates a more complicated picture of settlement. To study regional variation in Oceania in more detail, we have compiled a genome-wide dataset of 823 individuals from 72 populations (including 50 populations from Oceania) and over 620,000 autosomal SNPs. We show that the initial dispersal of people from the Bismarck Archipelago into Remote Oceania occurred in a “leapfrog” fashion, completely by-passing the main chain of the Solomon Islands, and that the colonization of the Solomon Islands proceeded in a bi-directional manner. Our results also support a divergence between western and eastern Solomons, in agreement with the sharp linguistic divide known as the Tryon-Hackman line. We also report substantial post-Austronesian gene flow across the Solomons. In particular, Santa Cruz (in Remote Oceania) exhibits extraordinarily high levels of Papuan ancestry that cannot be explained by a simple bottleneck/founder event scenario. Finally, we use simulations to show that discrepancies between different methods for dating admixture likely reflect different sensitivities of the methods to multiple admixture events from the same (or similar) sources. Overall, this study points to the importance of fine-scale sampling to understand the complexities of human population history.

The Malesian species of Serianthes Bentham (Fabaceae-Mimosoideae)

Brunonia ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kanis
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
Caroline Islands

The Malesian representatives of Serianthes are revised and the relationships with those from nearby Pacific islands are discussed. A key is provided to all relevant taxa as well as maps showing their respective distributions. S. minahassae (Koord.) Merr. & ~ e r r y is reinstated here and newly subdivided with ssp. rninahassae in central Malesia, ssp. ledermannii (Harms) Kanis, stat. nov.. in New Guinea and ssp. fosbergii Kanis. nom. & stat. nov. (based on Albizia melanesica Fosb.), in the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands. S. dilmyi Fosb. reaches from Sumatra and the Philippines to western New Guinea and the Admiralty Islands. S. robinsonii Fosb, is restricted to the southern Moluccas. S. hooglandii (Fosb.) Kanis, stat. nov., occurs in eastern New Guinea, with ssp. floridensis Kanis, ssp. nov.. in the Solomon Islands. S. kanehirae Fosb. is excluded, being restricted to the western Caroline Islands.

Revision of the Genus Amblypelta Stål (Hemiptera, Coreidae)

1958 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Bkown
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
The West ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
Species Groups

SummaryIn view of the discovery of several new species and subspecies of Amblypelta (Hemiptera, COREIDAE), some of which are either known to be or else threaten to become of economic importance, a revision of the whole genus has become necessary.The genus Amblypelta, as defined in the present paper and as known so far, is confined to Australia north of Sydney, the islands between Australia and New Guinea, New Guinea and, to the west, the Kai Is., Timor and Java; the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands including Bougainville, Eennell and Bellona; the New Hebrides and New Caledonia. In the present revision of the genus, twelve species and five subspecies are included, of which all but seven species are new to science. Apart from the descriptions of the new species and subspecies, taxonomic notes on the previously known species are given as well as a key to all the species.The known distribution of each species is stated, and consideration given to the zoogeography of the genus as a whole, and of certain species-groups which can be recognised within the genus.

scholarly journals CHIONANTHUS (OLEACEAE) IN SULAWESI, INDONESIA, INCLUDING THREE NEW SPECIES

REINWARDTIA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
RUTH KIEW
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
Three New Species

KIEW, R. 2015. Chionanthus (Oleaceae) in Sulawesi, Indonesia, including three new species. Reinwardtia 14(2): 287 - 295. - The genus Chionanthus (Oleaceae) in Sulawesi is revised. Nine species are described of which C. kostermansii Kiew, C. sordidus Kiew and C. sulawesicus Kiew are new species. Four species are endemic, C. celebicus Koord., C. sordidus, C. stenurus (Merr.) Kiew and C. sulawesicus. The geographic range of C. cordulatus Koord. extends to Borneo and Mollucas, while C. kostermansii also occurs in Sumbawa and Flores, and the range of C. rupicolus (Lingelsh.) Kiew extends to Sumbawa, Mollucas, New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago. Chionanthus polygamus (Roxb.) Kiew and C. ramiflorus Roxb. are both widespread species, the former from Sumatra to New Guinea and the latter from continental Asia to the Solomon Islands. A key to identify the species is provided. Chionanthus gigantifolius Koord. remains incompletely known.

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