Population Regulation in Male and Female Red Deer

10.2307/4381 ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 831 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Clutton-Brock ◽  
M. Major ◽  
F. E. Guinness
Keyword(s):  
Red Deer ◽  
Population Regulation ◽  
Male And Female

scholarly journals An Aspartyl Protease Inhibitor Orthologue Expressed by Parelaphostrongylus tenuis Is Immunogenic in an Atypical Host

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Duffy ◽  
Nancy MacAfee ◽  
Michael D. B. Burt ◽  
Judith A. Appleton
Keyword(s):  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Aspartyl Protease ◽  
Native Protein ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Parelaphostrongylus Tenuis ◽  
Aspartyl Protease Inhibitors

ABSTRACT Parelaphostrongylus tenuis is a neurotropic nematode common in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) of eastern North America. This parasite is the causative agent of a debilitating neurologic disease in atypical hosts, including domestic livestock. In order to identify proteins of potential significance in the host-parasite relationship, a cDNA library was produced from adult P. tenuis mRNA. Screening the library with antisera from infected red deer (Cervus elaphus elaphus) and immunized AO strain rats, we identified clones with sequence similarities to aspartyl protease inhibitors from several parasitic nematodes. Antibody that was generated against this recombinant protein of P. tenuis (Pt-API-1) detected the native protein in E/S products, in muscle and gonad, and on the surface of the cuticle of adult male and female P. tenuis. The native protein was detected in internal structures of first-stage (L1) and third-stage (L3) larvae. Reverse transcription-PCR confirmed expression of Pt-api-1 in L1, L3, and adult male and female worms. Expression of Pt-API-1 throughout the life cycle of P. tenuis suggests an essential function. Antibodies specific for recombinant Pt-API-1 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in sera from 12 red deer experimentally infected with P. tenuis. Antibodies were detected within 28 to 56 days postinfection. Responses were sustained or biphasic in animals with patent infections, consistent with expression of Pt-API-1 by L1. Our results are compatible with findings in other parasitic nematodes showing that aspartyl protease inhibitors are highly immunogenic.

Seasonal patterns of growth, voluntary food intake and plasma concentrations of prolactin, insulin-like growth factor-1, LH and gonadal steroids in male and female pre-pubertal red deer (Cervus elaphus) reared in either natural photoperiod or constant daylength

1996 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Adam ◽  
C. E. Kyle ◽  
P. Young
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Natural Photoperiod ◽  
Lh Secretion ◽  
Voluntary Food Intake

AbstractRed deer calves were reared from birth to 16 months in either constant intermediate 12L: 12D daylength (ID) or in natural photoperiod (NP) (four males and four females per group) to investigate effects on the somatotropic and reproductive axes, and to compare responses between the seres. Measurements, starting from 3 months (September), were made each week of live weight (LW), voluntary food intake (VFI), plasma prolactin, plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and plasma progesterone (females), and every 2 months of pulsatile LH secretion, plasma testosterone (males), responses to exogenous GnRH, and antler development (males).Both sexes in ID compared with NP had significantly higher LW gain (males, P < 0·001; females, P < 0·01) and VFI (P < 0·001) between winter solstice (WS) and spring equinox (SE), and VFI between SE and summer solstice (SS) (males, P < 0·05; females P < 0·01). Both sexes had significantly lower plasma prolactin concentrations in ID than in NP (males, P < 0·05; females, P < 0·01) between SE and SS. However, plasma IGF-1 was only significantly altered in males, being significantly higher in ID than NP between WS and SE (P<0·01). ID and NP females showed no significant differences in pulsatile LH secretion nor in the timing of pubertal ovulation. However, ID compared with NP males at 10 months (just after SE) had higher LH and testosterone pulse frequencies (P < 0·01), and at 12 months (just before SS) had higher mean testosterone concentrations (P < 0·01) and testosterone response to GnRH challenge (P<0·001). ID antlers hardened earlier at 11 months than NP antlers at 14 months (P < 0·001).Thus ID compared with NP in both sexes prevented the winter reduction in growth and appetite and the summer elevation in prolactin secretion, and in males, but not in females, stimulated higher IGF-1 secretion in winter, an earlier increase in LH pulse frequency, and an earlier increase in gonadal steroid production. This study has therefore revealed some intriguing similarities and contrasts in the responses to photoperiod shown by young male and female deer.

Sexual segregation and density-related changes in habitat use in male and female Red deer (Cerrus elaphus)

1987 ◽  
Vol 211 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. CLUTTON-BROCK ◽  
G. R. IASON ◽  
F. E. GUINNESS
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Sexual Segregation ◽  
Male And Female

Maternal quality and differences in milk production and composition for male and female Iberian red deer calves (Cervus elaphus hispanicus)

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom�s Landete-Castillejos ◽  
Andr�s Garc�a ◽  
Francisco R. L�pez-Serrano ◽  
Laureano Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Cervus Elaphus Hispanicus ◽  
Iberian Red Deer ◽  
Maternal Quality

scholarly journals Feasting on Wild Boar in the Early Neolithic. Evidence from an 11,400-year-old Placed Deposit at Tappeh Asiab, Central Zagros

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-463
Author(s):  
Pernille Bangsgaard ◽  
Lisa Yeomans ◽  
Hojjat Darabi ◽  
Kristian Murphy Gregersen ◽  
Jesper Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Zagros Mountains ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Subsistence Strategies ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Food Practices ◽  
New Evidence

The contents of a pit located in the centre of a large communal structure at Asiab in the central Zagros mountains provides rare evidence for ritual food practices during the Early Neolithic (~9660–9300 cal.bc). This pit contained the skulls of at least 19 wild boars carefully placed inside and subsequently sealed. Antler from red deer and the skull of a brown bear were also concealed within the pit. The boars included both male and female animals varying in age and some of the larger canines were deliberately removed. Such a unique collection of remains is unlikely to be the result of day-to-day activities; instead, this represents a group of ritually interred bones. This new evidence strengthens views that activities reinforcing social cohesion were important as human society was approaching a juncture leading towards agricultural subsistence strategies.

The Clinical, Roentgenological and Morphological Effects of an Acute Exposure of Phosgene on the Lungs of Dogs

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
R. F. Bils ◽  
W. F. Diller ◽  
F. Huth
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electron Microscopes

Phosgene still plays an important role as a toxic substance in the chemical industry. Thiess (1968) recently reported observations on numerous cases of phosgene poisoning. A serious difficulty in the clinical handling of phosgene poisoning cases is a relatively long latent period, up to 12 hours, with no obvious signs of severity. At about 12 hours heavy lung edema appears suddenly, however changes can be seen in routine X-rays taken after only a few hours' exposure (Diller et al., 1969). This study was undertaken to correlate these early changes seen by the roengenologist with morphological alterations in the lungs seen in the'light and electron microscopes.Forty-two adult male and female Beagle dogs were selected for these exposure experiments. Treated animals were exposed to 94.5-107-5 ppm phosgene for 10 min. in a 15 m3 chamber. Roentgenograms were made of the thorax of each animal before and after exposure, up to 24 hrs.

Ultrastructural investigation of spontaneous pituitary gonadotroph cell adenomas in aging Sprague-Dawley rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 702-703
Author(s):  
D. J. McComb ◽  
J. Beri ◽  
F. Zak ◽  
K. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Gonadal Function ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Reticulin Fibers ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Gonadotroph cell adenomas of the pituitary are infrequent in human patients and are not invariably associated with altered gonadal function. To date, no animal model of this tumor type exists. Herein, we describe spontaneous gonadotroph cell adenomas in old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats by histology, immunocytology and electron microscopy.The material consisted of the pituitaries of 27 male and 38 female Sprague Dawley rats, all 26 months of age or older, removed at routine autopsy. Sections of formal in-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue were stained with hematoxylin-phloxine-saffron (HPS), the PAS method and the Gordon-Sweet technique for the demonstration of reticulin fibers. For immunostaining, sections were exposed to anti-rat β-LH, anti-ratβ-TSH, anti-rat PRL, anti-rat GH and anti-rat ACTH 1-39. For electron microscopy, tissue was fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, postfixed in 1% OsO4 and embedded in epoxy-resin. Tissue fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in epoxy resin without osmification, was used for immunoelectron microscopy.

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