The Rosenbach Milton Documents

PMLA ◽  
1923 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Holly Hanford
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Financial Transactions

On December 7, 1920 there was sold at the Anderson Galleries in New York an interesting collection of Milton documents hitherto entirely unknown to the poet's biographers. These documents, which contain the record to two financial transactions in which Milton was concerned in the years 1657/58 and 1665, were submitted to me for examination by their purchaser, Mr. Rosenbach of Philadelphia, and it is through his courtesy that I am enabled to present an analysis of their contents. Their history previous to their sale in America has not been divulged, but it is to be presumed that they have been preserved as a part of the evidence of title to certain properties described in them, and there is not the slightest question as to their genuineness.

The failure of sanctions and the evolution of international policy towards Iraq, 1990–2003*

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Dodge
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Well Being ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Change Policy ◽  
Oil Exports ◽  
Food Imports ◽  
Financial Transactions

The day after Iraq’s August 1990 invasion of Kuwait, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 660 condemning Iraq’s aggression and demanding that it withdraw. A week later it passed Resolution 661 demanding that UN Member States prevent all trade and financial transactions with Iraq. In all of its previous history, the Security Council had only imposed sanctions to discipline errant states twice before. The precedent used for the drafting of Resolution 661 was the sanctions imposed on Rhodesia in December 1966 after it had declared independence from Britain. This signified something of an empirical vacuum where those drafting resolutions in New York deployed a set of assumptions that gave both the theory and practise of sanctions their coherence. It was assumed that a state, when faced with an on-going economic embargo, would be forced to react in predictable ways. If the application of sanctions caused enough suffering within society, then popular discontent would eventually force the ruling elite to change policy and work to lift sanctions as theoretically the state cannot escape public opinion or ignore a population whose economic well-being has been seriously damaged by the application of sanctions. In 1990–1991 the economic and political assumptions underpinning the practice of sanctions appeared to make Iraq an ideal candidate for their application given that 95% of Iraq’s foreign exchange earnings came directly from oil exports. In addition, the economy was dependent upon food imports costing US$3 billion annually. However, these assumptions along with the normative vision that gave sanctions their ideological coherence were proven wrong as the Iraqi regime manoeuvred to entrench itself further within society and actually strengthen its position.

Taxing stock transfers in the first golden age of financial capitalism: political salience and the limits on the power of finance

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Massoc
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Privileged Position ◽  
The Us ◽  
Financial Transactions ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Financial Capitalism

Abstract The current debate about taxing financial transactions is often presented as a brand new one. It is not. At the turn of the 19th century, a similar tax was debated in France and the US Financial actors fought the tax mightily. Those actors were very powerful. Yet, they lost. A tax on stock transfers (STT) was established. Why? Through a comparative analysis of France and the State of New York, this article argues that the tax was adopted because politicians interested in capitalizing on public discontent endeavored to publicize and frame the STT in simple and antagonizing terms. Strong but heterogeneous public hostility against finance got focused on the explicitly politicized issue of the tax. Political salience disrupted the logics of ‘quiet politics’ and momentarily undermined the privileged position of finance. Despite intense lobbying and threats to relocate from financiers, elected officials chose to vote for the STT.

The Journal of an African Slaver, 1789-1792, and the Gold Coast Slave Trade of William Collow

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Behrendt
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
English Language ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Gold Coast ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Financial Transactions

In 1929 the American Antiquarian Society published an eighty-three-page manuscript that describes commercial transactions for slaves, ivory, and gold on the Gold and Slave Coasts from 1789 to 1792. George Plimpton owned this manuscript. As it includes a slave-trading ledger of the schooner Swallow, Plimpton entitled the manuscript “The Journal of an African Slaver.” The “journal” is one of the few published documents in the English language that specifies financial transactions for slaves between European and African traders on the coast of Africa during the late eighteenth century.In his four-page introduction to the journal Plimpton stated that:The name of the ship engaged in the traffic was the schooner ‘Swallow,’ Capt. John Johnston, 1790-1792. There is a reference to a previous voyage when ‘Captain Peacock had her,’ also some abstracts of accounts kept by Capt. David McEleheran in 1789 of trade in gold, slaves and ivory on the Gold Coast. None of these names can be identified as to locality, and there is, of course, the possibility, especially taking into consideration the English nature of the cargo bartered, that the vessel was an English slaver.The journal was included with some mid-nineteenth century South Carolina plantation accounts when it was purchased at an auction in New York, thus suggesting to Plimpton that the journal's author was perhaps a “South Carolinian who made this trip to Africa.”In this research note I will identify the various vessels and traders mentioned in this manuscript by referring to the data-set I have assembled from other sources concerning the slave trade during this period. We will seethat Plimpton's “journal” is a set of account books owned by the Gold Coast agents of London and Havre merchant William Collow. I then will discuss the importance of Collow as a merchant and shipowner in the late eighteenth-century British slave trade.

Panics, payments disruptions and the Bank of England before 1826

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. James
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Bank Failures ◽  
Lender Of Last Resort ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Bank Of England ◽  
Regular Event ◽  
Financial Transactions

The structures of the banking systems in early nineteenth-century England and later nineteenth-century America were quite similar. In each the multitude of independent country or interior bankers maintained correspondent accounts with bankers in the metropolis, London and New York respectively, to hold reserves and to clear and settle financial instruments used in intercity financial transactions. In spite of such similarities in structure, the performances of the two systems were, however, rather different. Although panics were frequent and their extent widespread in late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century England involving numerous bank failures, there was never a nationwide paralysis of the payments system such as had become a regular event in late nineteenth-century America. This was due to the Bank of England's functioning as a de facto lender of last resort even though such a role was not explicitly recognized or acknowledged until decades later.

scholarly journals Coffee production and marketing in the municipality of Cuetzalan del Progreso, Puebla, Mexico

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Iván Ximitl-Islas ◽  
Marisol Rodríguez-De La Vega ◽  
Alejandra Cabildo-Orea ◽  
Rafael Machorro-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Futures Markets ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
International Level ◽  
Regional Study ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Financial Transactions

It is a privilege to present a regional study on coffee growing in the Northeastern Mountains of Puebla. It has been a historical region where the cultivation of aromatic coffee was introduced due to its geographical and cultural characteristics. The ethnic groups that predominate are Nahwatl and Totonac, who have combined the cultivation of coffee with other basic crops. Coffee has been a perennial and shade crop, that has been adapted to the regional climatic conditions. In Mexico the 5 main States with the largest coffee production are: Chiapas, Veracruz, Oaxaca, Puebla and Guerrero. The State of Puebla has a significant quantity of production at a national and international level. The price of coffee is quoted internationally on the stock exchanges in the Futures Markets of the New York and London Stock Exchanges where brokers operate in financial transactions, in view of this situation it is important to analyze the relationships established between international financial markets prices and how the national, regional and local price is derived, as well as the determination of the living conditions of indigenous producers in the municipality of Cuetzalan del Progreso, Puebla.

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