The Microgenesis of Cognitive Maps: A Longitudinal Study of New Residents of an Urban Area

1981 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Spencer ◽  
Marie Weetman
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
New Residents

Memory for Routes

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Moar ◽  
L. R. Carleton
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Test Stage ◽  
Spatial Properties ◽  
Early Acquisition ◽  
Separate Scheme

Two experiments examined the acquisition of cognitive maps of two intersecting routes through an urban area. In the presentation stage of the experiments, slides of the two routes were shown in order to simulate travel along the routes. The number of presentations of the slides was varied. In the test stage, subjects made directional and distance judgements from memory between places on the routes. The results suggest that from the start of acquisition of the spatial layout of the routes, subjects used network schemata in which both routes were combined, rather than a separate scheme for each route which were later combined. During initial acquisitions of the routes, a direction of travel bias was found such that spatial judgements from memory tended to be more accurate in the direction of travel along the routes than in the opposite direction. The findings imply that, at least during early acquisition, the spatial properties of the routes were encoded in terms of sequential associations.

scholarly journals Malaria Incidence and Prevalence Among Children Living in a Peri-Urban Area on the Coast of Benin, West Africa: A Longitudinal Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Nahum ◽  
Marc Coosemans ◽  
Annette Erhart ◽  
Ambroisine Mayé ◽  
Martin Akogbeto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Malaria Incidence

Tibial cortical bone properties of preadolescents and their mothers in an urban area associated with lifestyle: A longitudinal study

2007 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-282
Author(s):  
Tomoko Inose ◽  
Takehito Takano ◽  
Keiko Nakamura ◽  
Masashi Kizuki ◽  
Kaoruko Seino
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Tibial Cortical Bone

scholarly journals Assessment of out-of–pocket health expenditure and prevalence of protective mechanisms against it among the households in an urban area, Bangalore: a longitudinal study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
N. B. Swetha ◽  
Shobha . ◽  
S. Sriram
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
World Health ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Female Population ◽  
The World

Background: Achieving Universal Health Coverage according to The World Health Assembly’s way to reinforce the principle of human right to health in 2005 has been a huge task for India. India has one of the highest proportions of household out-of-pocket expenditures on health in the world, estimated at 71.1% in 2008–09. The unpredictable payments are impoverishing an estimated 3.3% of India's population every year. In this regard various strategies have been adopted such as—reforming tax based health financing or introducing health insurance. This highlights the need for alternative finances which includes the provision of medical insurance. The study was conducted to assess the out-of-pocket health expenditure and estimate the prevalence of protective mechanisms against it in an urban area- Bangalore.Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted in the urban area of Bangalore. Sample size was calculated to be 350 households. Data regarding socio-demographic profile, protective mechanisms and other details were obtained by interview method using a pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire.Results: Majority were in the productive age group i.e. 991 (62.68%) individuals. Female population was slightly higher in our study. Most of the households belonged to upper lower class (54.29%). A major burden of health care cost was experienced both in acute as well as chronic illness by the households. Only 8.9% (31 households) had one or the other type of health insurance.Conclusions: Population has profound chances of experiencing catastrophic health expenditure in times of severe illness.

Tibial cortical bone properties of preadolescents and their mothers in an urban area associated with lifestyle: A longitudinal study

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Inose ◽  
Takehito Takano ◽  
Keiko Nakamura ◽  
Masashi Kizuki ◽  
Kaoruko Seino
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Tibial Cortical Bone

scholarly journals Social participation reduces isolation among Japanese older people in urban area: A 3-year longitudinal study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e0222887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manami Ejiri ◽  
Hisashi Kawai ◽  
Yoshinori Fujiwara ◽  
Kazushige Ihara ◽  
Yutaka Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Social Participation

scholarly journals Manholes as an important breeding sites for Culex mosquitoes in Gazipur City Corporation, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Saifur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Stagnant Water ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Mosquito Breeding ◽  
The City ◽  
Abundant Population

A longitudinal study in under constructing Manholes (considered as mosquito breeding trap of the study area) in a newly constructing road in the ward number 35 was conducted in the post monsoon period of 2016. Four species of mosquito population were available in the stagnant water of temporary breeding sites. Among them Cx. quinquefasciatus was the dominant species (98.6%) followed by Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (0.5%), Ar. subalbatus (0.5%) and Cx. fuscocephala (0.4%). Though the breeding sites were temporary and stayed until finishing the construction, yet the results indicated the abundant population of available mosquitoes including status of key species in the urban area of the city corporation.Bangladesh J. Zool. 45(2): 139-148, 2017

scholarly journals Falls among older adults in the Philippines and Vietnam: Results from nationally representative samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1042-1042
Author(s):  
Tuo Yu Chen ◽  
Grace Cruz ◽  
Cong Nguyen Vu ◽  
Yasuhiko Saito
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Representative Samples

Abstract Falls are a major public health issues globally. However, no study with nationally representative samples, previously, had been done to understand falls among older adults in the Philippines and Vietnam. Using a biopsychosocial perspective, this study investigated the prevalence of falls and their associated factors among community-dwelling older adults in these countries. Cross-sectional data were drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Ageing and Health in the Philippines (N = 4,606) and the Longitudinal Study of Ageing and Health in Vietnam (N = 4,378). The outcome variables were any falls in the past year. Independent variables included biophysical factors (vision/chronic conditions/functional impairments/pain locations/insomnia symptoms/sleep medications/grip strength/walking speed/postural control), psychological factors (depressive symptoms), and sociodemographic factors (age/sex/education/living in urban area/living alone/social network size). Descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze data. The results showed that 17.7% of the Filipino older adults fell in the past year and it was 7.3% among Vietnamese older adults. Significant factors that increased the odds of any falls among Filipino older adults were having a higher level of education, living in urban area, living with others, experiencing more functional impairments, reporting one or more pain locations, and having poor grip strength. In Vietnam, having more chronic conditions, experiencing more functional impairments, and reporting two or more pain locations were found to increase the odds of any falls. Population in the Philippines and Vietnam are aging rapidly. Findings from this study are timely in identifying at-risk individuals and preparing for effective falls prevention strategies.

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