Memory for Routes

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Moar ◽  
L. R. Carleton
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Test Stage ◽  
Spatial Properties ◽  
Early Acquisition ◽  
Separate Scheme

Two experiments examined the acquisition of cognitive maps of two intersecting routes through an urban area. In the presentation stage of the experiments, slides of the two routes were shown in order to simulate travel along the routes. The number of presentations of the slides was varied. In the test stage, subjects made directional and distance judgements from memory between places on the routes. The results suggest that from the start of acquisition of the spatial layout of the routes, subjects used network schemata in which both routes were combined, rather than a separate scheme for each route which were later combined. During initial acquisitions of the routes, a direction of travel bias was found such that spatial judgements from memory tended to be more accurate in the direction of travel along the routes than in the opposite direction. The findings imply that, at least during early acquisition, the spatial properties of the routes were encoded in terms of sequential associations.

The translator as cartographer

Target ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Leonora Min Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Text ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Spatial Cues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World

Abstract The concept of a cognitive map has been borrowed from psychology by literary scholars to denote the mental representation of the spatial layout of (a) storyworld(s). The classic Chinese novel 紅樓夢 Hongloumeng ‘The Story of the Stone’ (also known as The Dream of the Red Chamber) is particularly well-known for its topographic representation of a storyworld of self-contained totality and detailed veracity. Using David Hawkes’s English translation of the novel and various materials from his notebooks, this article demonstrates the translator’s (mental) cartographic effort to conjure up ‘maps in mind’ in response to the textual spatial cues. I argue that Hawkes’s cognitive maps offer explanations to some translational performances that have been too readily glossed over as insignificant. The article also aims to chart a new path forward for systematic investigation into the significance of the translator’s imaginative participation in ‘the world inside the text’, for the sake of an enriched understanding of translation, both as a product and a process.

The relation of the urban centre (city) and movie theatres as public spaces in Ankara

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 08-16
Author(s):  
Huseyin Metin Felekoglu
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Spatial Properties ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
The Relationship

Centres, which are spaces of interaction in urban area where social, political and economic relations condensed, have importance with their publicity characteristic beyond being social. In the modernisation of cities, functional and structural elements supporting the publicity of space have been evaluated as a dimension of development. Especially throughout the twentieth century, movie and movie theatres became the important components of the urban centres with their publicity characteristic. The relation with the urban centre or structural–spatial properties of movie theatres are realised in the context of growth and development processes of urban. It is possible to read this synchronisation through the relationship between formation of urban centre and movie theatres in certain periods in Ankara, an Ottoman small town by beginning of the century, and then, had become the space of modernisation politics after 1923. Beyond the morphological, this positioning reflects the pressure of infrastructure factors that affect its formation.   Keywords: Modernisation, publicity, urban centre, movie theatres, Ankara.  

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF STREET PROPERTIES ON COGNITIVE MAPS

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsan Mohsenin ◽  
Andres Sevtsuk
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Spatial Properties ◽  
Measurement Framework ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates the relationship between street properties and cognitive maps. It is focused on the question of how human cognition of the built environment is affected by street properties. Building on the foundations of Kevin Lynch's studies of environmental perception (Lynch 1960) and recent configuration measurement techniques of the built environment, it addresses an important question that Lynch has left unresolved: Why do people have more complete recollections of some parts of the urban environment, and not others? This paper proposes an analytical measurement framework based on graph theory to compare the results of cognitive maps with objective spatial properties of the corresponding built environment. In order to test our hypothesis, street geometry is measured and defined based on graph theory in two selected areas with similar geometries in Kenmore, Boston and Kendall Sq., Cambridge, MA. Cognitive maps are then collected based on specifically designed map drawing surveys. Finally, the relationship between graph results and cognitive maps is examined in order to identify the ways that street properties affect human perception.

The Room Effect: Metric Spatial Knowledge of Local and Separated Regions

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert A. Colle ◽  
Gary B. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Route Knowledge ◽  
Survey Knowledge ◽  
Early Acquisition ◽  
Knowledge Survey

Navigating through real or virtual worlds requires a workable knowledge of the spatial layout. According to the landmark-route-survey model, metric spatial knowledge (survey knowledge) is acquired only following the acquisition of landmark and route knowledge. A dual mode model was proposed that assumes that survey knowledge may be quickly acquired for local regions. Research was conducted to understand how people rapidly acquire survey knowledge. Participants in three experiments briefly navigated on one floor of a virtual building, moving down hallways and performing tasks by using objects in rooms. Participants were later asked to answer from memory about the direction of objects by using pointing and map-drawing measures. A room effect was found for both measures; the angular positions of two objects in the same room were more accurately reported than those in different rooms. Accurate metric spatial information was available for objects in the same room, supporting an early acquisition assumption.

Selection and Spatial Layout of Urban Sports Facilities Guided by Residents' Demand

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Yandong Yuan ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Huawei Liang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Management System ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Layout Planning ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Urban Public Transport

In order to explore the theory of the spatial layout of urban sports facilities, starting with the analysis of theoretical knowledge, the current situation of public sports facilities in the central urban area of Jinan is analyzed, the various factors affecting the planning layout are discussed, and the strategies and methods of the layout planning of public sports facilities in Jinan are summarized. The results show that the layout planning of public sports facilities should follow the corresponding patterns and principles. The layout of public sports facilities at all levels should fully consider the factors of urban public transport, urban management system, urban public functions, and reasonable service radius of public sports facilities. It can be seen that excessive pursuit of efficiency will lead to excessive service radius and poor accessibility of urban public sports facilities; excessive pursuit of fairness will result in a small and scattered layout pattern, which easily leads to idle waste.

Is Red Really Romantic?

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle K. Lehmann ◽  
Robert J. Calin-Jageman
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Weak Effect ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Quality Controls

Abstract. Red has been reported to enhance attraction for women rating men ( Elliot et al., 2010 ) and men rating women ( Elliot & Niesta, 2008 ). We replicated one of these studies online and in-person. To ensure rigor, we obtained original materials, planned for informative sample sizes, pre-registered our study, used a positive control, and adopted quality controls. For men, we found a very weak effect in the predicted direction (d = 0.09, 95% CI [−0.17, 0.34], N = 242). For women, we found a very weak effect in the opposite direction (d = −0.09, 95% CI [−0.30, 0.12], N = 360). The original studies may have overestimated the red effect, our studies may be an underestimate, or there could be strong moderation of the effect of red on attraction.

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