The legacy of the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen in the context of sports tourism

The IV Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen (Ga-Pa) are regarded by researchers as a test stage for the international demonstration of the German Reich’s economic power in relation to the Games of the XI Olympiad in Berlin, which were organized half a year later. Through the Games, Adolf Hitler sought to test all of his resources and means, thereby testing the country’s readiness to host another major sporting event. Despite numerous controversies related to the intense exposition of Nazi politics and anti-Semitism, the Olympic Games were remembered among the international public as a professionally organized event, among others thanks to the modern and extremely functional sports facilities of the time. The aim of this paper is to characterize the Olympic legacy of Ga- Pa, which due to its numerous remnants and nowadays well-maintained historical sports base contributes to the development of sports tourism in Germany. This account is briefl y preceded by an account of the preparation and course of the IV Winter Olympics.

Development of Teaching Materials for Volleyball Games through an PJOK AKTIF Approach (Fun, Character, Measurable, Innovation, and Fit)

This study aims to determine the level of validity, practicality, and effectiveness of teaching materials for learning PJOK ACTIVE (Fun, Character, Measurable, Innovation, and Fit) at SMP Negeri III Kamal Bangkalan. The benefits of this research are expected to increase students' understanding and students' abilities in PJOK learning practices. This research is a type of development research. There are 10 stages in the product development process starting from the preliminary study stage, planning stage, initial product design stage, field test stage, revision stage, main field test stage, product revision stage, group test stage, final product revision stage, and dissemination stage. The research was conducted at SMPN 3 Kamal Bangkalan from January to May 2021 with a total of 137 students. The data were analyzed using the percentage of the product trial results. The results of the study showed that the results of the product development of teaching materials for ACTIVE PJOK learning for students of SMPN 3 Class 1 in Kamal Bangkalan were declared feasible, very helpful, and could support the implementation of PJOK learning in schools. The results of product development that have been produced can be used as a reference in PJOK learning and besides that it can be developed according to needs.

Development of Multimedia-Based Learning Media at MA Muhammadiyah 1 Malang

This research is a development research that aims to develop multimedia-based learning media in mathematics. The material used is Three Dimensional material. After the multimedia-based learning media has been designed, content validation tests are carried out, media expert validation tests, user validation tests (teachers), and limited tests (students). The results of media expert validation showed an average score of 61.8% and was included in the appropriate criteria. The results of the material expert validation showed an average score of 80% and was included in the appropriate criteria. The user (teacher) validation test showed an average score of 91.25% and was included in the appropriate criteria. In the limited test stage (students) as many as 25 students at MA Muhammadiyah 1 Malang produced an average score of 82.01% and were included in the appropriate criteria. Based on the results of all media validation carried out, the average feasibility of this multimedia-based learning media is 78.76% and according to the eligibility criteria, this multimedia-based learning media is declared feasible and can be used by students as additional media in learning Three Dimensional material.

Penerapan Design Thinking Dalam Inovasi Tempat Bertransaksi Jual Beli Barang Pada Toko Online Thrifter.Things

The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of design thinking in designing appropriate solutions and innovations to the problems contained in the online shop thrifter.things, especially on the problem of where to buy and sell transactions (buying and selling platforms). This research method uses descriptive research methods and design thinking methods which are research with the aim of describing a situation or phenomenon that is currently happening by using scientific procedures to solve the problem. The results of this study state that at the Emphatise stage the thrifter.things transaction process is irregular, at the Define stage it is necessary to create only one platform that is used as a special place for transactions, at the Ideate Thifter.things stage you can use the website platform as the main place for buying and selling products, at the Prototype stage because the website is an innovative idea to improve the complexity of the buying and selling transaction process at the Thrifter.things online store which will be used as the only place to transact, and at the Test stage a trial of the use of the website is carried out as a potential land for doing online business.

Intervention effect of cognitive behaviour therapy under suicidology on psychological stress and emotional depression of college students

BACKGROUND: The suicide of college students had been a social topic attracting people’s attention, and the generation of suicidal ideation was an inevitable link in the psychological process of suicidal behavior. It was the focus of many researches whether the pressure of college students with suicidal ideation can be detected and relieved in time. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to analyze the therapeutic effect of cognitive behaviour therapy on psychological stress, depression, and other negative emotions of college students with suicide ideation. METHODS: 114 people from 1,158 college students with suicide ideation in the Wuhan area were divided into an experimental group and a control group in this study. Students in the experimental group were given with the cognitive behaviour therapy, and students in the control group were not intervened in any way. The suicide ideation scale (despair, optimism, and sleep), psychological stress test rating, and self-reporting inventory (somatization, compulsion, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, delusion, and psychosis) were used to evaluate the objects in the pre-test stage, intermediate-test stage, and the tracking-test stage. The multivariate logistic regression was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of the suicide ideation of the college student. RESULTS: The suicide ideation of the college student was significantly positively correlated with the psychological stress, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, and psychosis (P > 0.05); the total score of suicide ideation, despair, optimism, and sleep in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05) in the intermediate-test stage and the tracking-test stage (P < 0.05); the psychological stress, depression, and anxiety of the college students in the experimental group in the intermediate-test and tracking-test stage were slighter than those in the control group (P < 0.05); the somatization, compulsion, and interpersonal relationship of students in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The psychological stress, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, and psychosis were all risk factors for the college student to have suicide ideation. Negative emotions such as psychological stress, emotional depression, and anxiety of the college student with suicide ideation could be improved effectively by cognitive behaviour therapy, and the level of suicide ideation could be reduced finally.

A Study of the Grading of English Language Scripts of Technical University Students in Ghana

This paper assesses how English language texts of Technical University (TU) students in Ghana are graded. In their quest for their certificates, Higher National Diploma (HND) students are required to write Communication Skills I and II papers in the first year. Nonetheless, most HND students do not normally perform well in these two courses. The objectives of the paper were, therefore, to find out the type of errors TU students make; and the influence that Direct Corrective Feedback (DCF) has on their texts. The paper was grounded in Noticing Hypothesis theoretical framework. The design of the research was sequential exploratory mixed method (Note 1). The participants for the study were selected from four technical universities – Ho, Koforidua, Kumasi, and Sunyani Technical Universities. From each of the technical universities, 20 participants were randomly selected. Therefore, the sample size, in terms of the participants, was 80. However, 240 raw data were collected. That is each of the 80 participants composed one letter at the pre-test stage. After grading their scripts with DCF technique, the participants were, again, asked to compose another letter at the post-test stage. Also, the participants were made to fill questionnaire item each. SPSS and BLAF were used in analyzing the questionnaire items and the scripts respectively (Note 2). The findings of the study showed that DCF treats written errors effectively. The study, therefore, recommends that assessments of letter-based tasks of TU students should be made up of both pre- and post-test items, and DCF should be used in assessing HND students’ letter or essay-based scripts.

Eksperimen Bahan Makanan Sebagai Alternatif Cat Warna Air

This research aims to describe the process of creating water color paints and the resulting colors made of foodst materials. The making of this water color paint through several stages, such stages are, observation, exploration, experimental, and quality testing. This experiment focused on foodstings as dye paint making materials. The exploration stage is about the materials used as additives, pigments, solvents, and binders in paints. Experimental stages in the form of making groceries into dye paints. The quality test stage is the process of comparing the quality of the experiment's color paint and the factory-made color paint. The concept of making color paint explores ingredients from food namely, kanji flour, baking soda, vinegar, food coloring, and water. And aids like, bowls and spoons, plastic containers, and toothpicks. The paint is realized into the form of a painting using aquarel painting technique.

Review on remediation of contaminated groundwater by Fe0-PRB technology

PRB technology is a new groundwater remediation technology, which is currently in the pilot test stage in China. Zero-valent iron is one of the most commonly used fillers in permeable reaction walls. In this paper, the principle and structure of PRB technology, the working principle of zero-valent iron in PRB, the preparation method and the optimization and improvement of application technology, the application examples at home and abroad and the prospect of PRB technology are introduced.

Acquisition of Abstract Knowledge in Implicit Learning of Anagram Solution Scheme

The article addresses the problem of unconscious gaining of abstract knowledge. Participants solved circular 5-letter anagram arranged by the same invariant scheme. The learned schematic invariant is not perceptive, contrary to the usual invariant acquisition technique in other studies. The possibility of implicit learning of a solution scheme is discussed. Efficiency of anagram solving is compared between the groups with constant or changed solution scheme during the test stage. The change of the solution scheme leads to a decrease of efficiency, i.e. to the lower number of the solved anagrams. The results support the possibility of gaining unconscious abstract knowledge concerning the scheme without any perceptual invariant component. Possible use of a similar stimulus material in studies of interaction between visual and verbal components of working memory is briefly discussed.