Biomaterials

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietramaggiori G ◽  
Saja Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Minimal Scarring ◽  
Correct Function ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Living Tissues ◽  
Functional Biomaterials ◽  
Advanced Biomaterials ◽  
Key Words Biocompatibility

With the critical advances in material science and bioengineering, the clinical availability of biomaterials is rapidly expanding. Biomaterials are used to restore or correct function of tissues that have been modified by injury, malformation, pathology, or aging. Materials used in contact with living tissues should meet the criteria of biocompatibility, which are (1) biosafety, (2) biofunctionality, and (3) biointegration. Depending on the function they are asked to perform and the target tissue, the choice is among nonresorbable or resorbable biomaterials, metallic or polymeric, and natural or synthetic. Although some materials such as titanium are able to osteointegrate inducing minimal scarring at the interface with living tissues, it seems that a common limitation across all biomaterials is to induce some extent of foreign body reaction and scar encapsulation, which affects negatively the function of the device. Novel surface technologies at the micro- or nano-scale and advanced biomaterials will improve the biointegration of medical devices and allow for permanent implantation of functional biomaterials.   This review contains 9 figures, 9 tables and 63 references Key Words: biocompatibility, biofilm, biofunctionality, biointegration, biomaterials, encapsulation, foreign body reaction, wound healing

scholarly journals Use of Resorbable Plate and Screws in Pediatric Craniofacial Reconstructive Surgery

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Prasetyanugraheni Kreshanti ◽  
Siti Handayani ◽  
Kristaninta Bangun ◽  
Melina Tiza
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Reconstructive Procedures ◽  
Dwelling Time ◽  
Infection Complication ◽  
Materials Used

Background: To evaluate two pediatric patients with syndromic craniofacial anomaly that underwent craniofacial reconstructive surgery using resorbable plate-screw systems which have been claimed as biodegradable fixation materials and used in craniofacial reconstructive procedures owing to their advantages such as adequate biomechanical resistance, longer dwelling time, elimination through physiological routes without causing any foreign body reaction and/or significant sequale. Patient and Method: Resorbable plate-screw systems used in 2 patiens for craniofacial reconstructive procedures such as bilateral fronto-orbital advancement and segmental right orbita (four wall box) osteotomy were evaluated as for their efficacy. Result: Adequate fixation was obtained in both patient, but Infection complication was seen in segmental right orbita osteotomy patient that appear localized abcess formation on subciliary incision and fronto medial insicion. After drainage insicion and antibiotic administration for 1 week, the infection was relieved. Summary: Owing to resorbable copolymer which contain a polyester derivate of L- lactidc and glycolic acid are ideal fixation materials used favourably in pediatric craniofacial reconstructive surgery and have further advantages such as adequate biomechanical resistance against distraction and compression forces in the early postoperative period, longer dwelling time and elimination from the body through physiological routes without causing any foreign body reaction.

scholarly journals Foreign Body Reaction to Implanted Biomaterials and Its Impact in Nerve Neuroprosthetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Carnicer-Lombarte ◽  
Shao-Tuan Chen ◽  
George G. Malliaras ◽  
Damiano G. Barone
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Foreign Material ◽  
Fibrotic Process

The implantation of any foreign material into the body leads to the development of an inflammatory and fibrotic process—the foreign body reaction (FBR). Upon implantation into a tissue, cells of the immune system become attracted to the foreign material and attempt to degrade it. If this degradation fails, fibroblasts envelop the material and form a physical barrier to isolate it from the rest of the body. Long-term implantation of medical devices faces a great challenge presented by FBR, as the cellular response disrupts the interface between implant and its target tissue. This is particularly true for nerve neuroprosthetic implants—devices implanted into nerves to address conditions such as sensory loss, muscle paralysis, chronic pain, and epilepsy. Nerve neuroprosthetics rely on tight interfacing between nerve tissue and electrodes to detect the tiny electrical signals carried by axons, and/or electrically stimulate small subsets of axons within a nerve. Moreover, as advances in microfabrication drive the field to increasingly miniaturized nerve implants, the need for a stable, intimate implant-tissue interface is likely to quickly become a limiting factor for the development of new neuroprosthetic implant technologies. Here, we provide an overview of the material-cell interactions leading to the development of FBR. We review current nerve neuroprosthetic technologies (cuff, penetrating, and regenerative interfaces) and how long-term function of these is limited by FBR. Finally, we discuss how material properties (such as stiffness and size), pharmacological therapies, or use of biodegradable materials may be exploited to minimize FBR to nerve neuroprosthetic implants and improve their long-term stability.

scholarly journals Granuloma Caused by Carbon Deposition in the Dermis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Rintaro Shibuya ◽  
Yuichiro Endo ◽  
Akihiro Fujisawa ◽  
Miki Tanioka ◽  
Yoshiki Miyachi
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Carbon Deposition ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Initial Injury ◽  
Pencil Lead

Pencil core granuloma is characterized by a delayed foreign-body reaction against retained fragments of pencil lead. Previous case reports presented pencil core granuloma resembling malignant melanoma, haemangioma, or soft tissue sarcoma. We present a case of pencil core granuloma arising from the palm 25 years after the initial injury. The patient presented a bluish nodule that had been present over 25 years before. The nodule initially measured 5 mm in diameter. However, five years before presentation, it suddenly enlarged to the size of 30 mm during six months. Computed tomography (CT) of the lesion revealed a linear radiopaque structure of 8 mm long with a mass on its distal end. Surgical resection revealed a bluish muddy mass and pencil lead. Histological examination revealed degenerative tissue with calcification surrounded by massive amounts of black granular material in the middle and lower dermis.

Foreign body reaction after cochlear implantation

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1455-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Jin Lim ◽  
Eun-So Lee ◽  
Hun Yi Park ◽  
Keehyun Park ◽  
Yun-Hoon Choung
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction

Foreign body reaction of the brain: Enzyme-histochemical study in dogs

Neurology ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yanagihara ◽  
N. P. Goldstein ◽  
H. J. Svien ◽  
R. C. Bahn
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
The Brain
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