scholarly journals Use of Resorbable Plate and Screws in Pediatric Craniofacial Reconstructive Surgery

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Prasetyanugraheni Kreshanti ◽  
Siti Handayani ◽  
Kristaninta Bangun ◽  
Melina Tiza
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Reconstructive Procedures ◽  
Dwelling Time ◽  
Infection Complication ◽  
Materials Used

Background: To evaluate two pediatric patients with syndromic craniofacial anomaly that underwent craniofacial reconstructive surgery using resorbable plate-screw systems which have been claimed as biodegradable fixation materials and used in craniofacial reconstructive procedures owing to their advantages such as adequate biomechanical resistance, longer dwelling time, elimination through physiological routes without causing any foreign body reaction and/or significant sequale. Patient and Method: Resorbable plate-screw systems used in 2 patiens for craniofacial reconstructive procedures such as bilateral fronto-orbital advancement and segmental right orbita (four wall box) osteotomy were evaluated as for their efficacy. Result: Adequate fixation was obtained in both patient, but Infection complication was seen in segmental right orbita osteotomy patient that appear localized abcess formation on subciliary incision and fronto medial insicion. After drainage insicion and antibiotic administration for 1 week, the infection was relieved. Summary: Owing to resorbable copolymer which contain a polyester derivate of L- lactidc and glycolic acid are ideal fixation materials used favourably in pediatric craniofacial reconstructive surgery and have further advantages such as adequate biomechanical resistance against distraction and compression forces in the early postoperative period, longer dwelling time and elimination from the body through physiological routes without causing any foreign body reaction.

scholarly journals Injectable non-leaching tissue-mimetic bottlebrush elastomers as an advanced platform for reconstructive surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Dashtimoghadam ◽  
Farahnaz Fahimipour ◽  
Andrew N. Keith ◽  
Foad Vashahi ◽  
Pavel Popryadukhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Significant Health

AbstractCurrent materials used in biomedical devices do not match tissue’s mechanical properties and leach various chemicals into the body. These deficiencies pose significant health risks that are further exacerbated by invasive implantation procedures. Herein, we leverage the brush-like polymer architecture to design and administer minimally invasive injectable elastomers that cure in vivo into leachable-free implants with mechanical properties matching the surrounding tissue. This strategy allows tuning curing time from minutes to hours, which empowers a broad range of biomedical applications from rapid wound sealing to time-intensive reconstructive surgery. These injectable elastomers support in vitro cell proliferation, while also demonstrating in vivo implant integrity with a mild inflammatory response and minimal fibrotic encapsulation.

scholarly journals Injectable Non-leaching Tissue-mimetic Bottlebrush Elastomers: A New Platform for Advancing Reconstructive Surgery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Dashtimoghadam ◽  
Farahnaz Fahimipour ◽  
Andrew Keith ◽  
Foad Vashahi ◽  
Pavel Popryadukhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Significant Health

Abstract Current materials used in biomedical devices do not match tissue’s mechanical properties and leach various chemicals into the body. These deficiencies pose significant health risks that are further exacerbated by invasive implantation procedures. Herein, we leverage the brush-like polymer architecture to design and administer minimally invasive injectable elastomers that cure in vivo into leachable-free implants with mechanical properties matching the surrounding tissue. This strategy allows tuning curing time from minutes to hours, which empowers a broad range of biomedical applications from rapid wound sealing to time-intensive reconstructive surgery. These injectable elastomers support in vitro cell proliferation, while also demonstrating in vivo implant integrity with a mild inflammatory response and minimal fibrotic encapsulation.

scholarly journals Foreign Body Reaction to Implanted Biomaterials and Its Impact in Nerve Neuroprosthetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Carnicer-Lombarte ◽  
Shao-Tuan Chen ◽  
George G. Malliaras ◽  
Damiano G. Barone
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nerve Tissue ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Foreign Material ◽  
Fibrotic Process

The implantation of any foreign material into the body leads to the development of an inflammatory and fibrotic process—the foreign body reaction (FBR). Upon implantation into a tissue, cells of the immune system become attracted to the foreign material and attempt to degrade it. If this degradation fails, fibroblasts envelop the material and form a physical barrier to isolate it from the rest of the body. Long-term implantation of medical devices faces a great challenge presented by FBR, as the cellular response disrupts the interface between implant and its target tissue. This is particularly true for nerve neuroprosthetic implants—devices implanted into nerves to address conditions such as sensory loss, muscle paralysis, chronic pain, and epilepsy. Nerve neuroprosthetics rely on tight interfacing between nerve tissue and electrodes to detect the tiny electrical signals carried by axons, and/or electrically stimulate small subsets of axons within a nerve. Moreover, as advances in microfabrication drive the field to increasingly miniaturized nerve implants, the need for a stable, intimate implant-tissue interface is likely to quickly become a limiting factor for the development of new neuroprosthetic implant technologies. Here, we provide an overview of the material-cell interactions leading to the development of FBR. We review current nerve neuroprosthetic technologies (cuff, penetrating, and regenerative interfaces) and how long-term function of these is limited by FBR. Finally, we discuss how material properties (such as stiffness and size), pharmacological therapies, or use of biodegradable materials may be exploited to minimize FBR to nerve neuroprosthetic implants and improve their long-term stability.

Biomaterials

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietramaggiori G ◽  
Saja Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Minimal Scarring ◽  
Correct Function ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Living Tissues ◽  
Functional Biomaterials ◽  
Advanced Biomaterials ◽  
Key Words Biocompatibility

With the critical advances in material science and bioengineering, the clinical availability of biomaterials is rapidly expanding. Biomaterials are used to restore or correct function of tissues that have been modified by injury, malformation, pathology, or aging. Materials used in contact with living tissues should meet the criteria of biocompatibility, which are (1) biosafety, (2) biofunctionality, and (3) biointegration. Depending on the function they are asked to perform and the target tissue, the choice is among nonresorbable or resorbable biomaterials, metallic or polymeric, and natural or synthetic. Although some materials such as titanium are able to osteointegrate inducing minimal scarring at the interface with living tissues, it seems that a common limitation across all biomaterials is to induce some extent of foreign body reaction and scar encapsulation, which affects negatively the function of the device. Novel surface technologies at the micro- or nano-scale and advanced biomaterials will improve the biointegration of medical devices and allow for permanent implantation of functional biomaterials.   This review contains 9 figures, 9 tables and 63 references Key Words: biocompatibility, biofilm, biofunctionality, biointegration, biomaterials, encapsulation, foreign body reaction, wound healing

scholarly journals Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Strategies to Control Foreign Body Reaction to Invasive Neural Electrodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuele Gori ◽  
Gianluca Vadalà ◽  
Sara Maria Giannitelli ◽  
Vincenzo Denaro ◽  
Giovanni Di Pino
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neural Interfaces ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Neural Implants ◽  
Inflammatory Phase ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
And Performance

Neural-interfaced prostheses aim to restore sensorimotor limb functions in amputees. They rely on bidirectional neural interfaces, which represent the communication bridge between nervous system and neuroprosthetic device by controlling its movements and evoking sensory feedback. Compared to extraneural electrodes (i.e., epineural and perineural implants), intraneural electrodes, implanted within peripheral nerves, have higher selectivity and specificity of neural signal recording and nerve stimulation. However, being implanted in the nerve, their main limitation is represented by the significant inflammatory response that the body mounts around the probe, known as Foreign Body Reaction (FBR), which may hinder their rapid clinical translation. Furthermore, the mechanical mismatch between the consistency of the device and the surrounding neural tissue may contribute to exacerbate the inflammatory state. The FBR is a non-specific reaction of the host immune system to a foreign material. It is characterized by an early inflammatory phase eventually leading to the formation of a fibrotic capsule around intraneural interfaces, which increases the electrical impedance over time and reduces the chronic interface biocompatibility and functionality. Thus, the future in the reduction and control of the FBR relies on innovative biomedical strategies for the fabrication of next-generation neural interfaces, such as the development of more suitable designs of the device with smaller size, appropriate stiffness and novel conductive and biomimetic coatings for improving their long-term stability and performance. Here, we present and critically discuss the latest biomedical approaches from material chemistry and tissue engineering for controlling and mitigating the FBR in chronic neural implants.

scholarly journals Fibrin Polymer on the Surface of Biomaterial Implants Drives the Foreign Body Reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnat Balabiyev ◽  
Nataly P. Podolnikova ◽  
Jacquelyn A. Kilbourne ◽  
D. Page Baluch ◽  
David Lowry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fibrous Capsule ◽  
Host Proteins ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Foreign Body Giant Cells ◽  
Biological Substrate

ABSTRACTImplantation of biomaterials and medical devices in the body triggers the foreign body reaction (FBR) which is characterized by macrophage fusion at the implant surface leading to the formation of foreign body giant cells and the development of the fibrous capsule enveloping the implant. While adhesion of macrophages to the surface is an essential step in macrophage fusion and implanted biomaterials are known to rapidly acquire a layer of host proteins, a biological substrate that is responsible for this process in vivo is unknown. Here we show that mice with genetically-imposed fibrinogen deficiency display a dramatic reduction of macrophage fusion on implanted biomaterials and are protected from the formation of fibrin-containing granulation tissue, a precursor of the fibrous capsule. Furthermore, macrophage fusion on biomaterials implanted in FibAEK mice that express a mutated form of fibrinogen incapable of thrombin-mediated polymerization was strongly reduced. Surprisingly, despite the lack of fibrin, the capsule was formed in FibAEK mice, although it had a different composition and distinct mechanical properties than that in wild-type mice. Specifically, while mononuclear α-SMA-expressing macrophages embedded in the capsule of both strains of mice secreted collagen, the amount of collagen and its density in the tissue of FibAEK mice was reduced. These data identify fibrin polymer as a key biological substrate driving the development of the FBR.

Foreign body episcleral suture granulomas mimicking nodular anterior scleritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e237661
Author(s):  
Lin Wei Khoo ◽  
Sathish Srinivasan ◽  
Fiona Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Strabismus Surgery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Caucasian Woman ◽  
Absorbable Suture ◽  
Foreign Material ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Anterior Scleritis

Scleritis is an idiopathic condition that may sometimes be associated with systemic immunological like disorders rheumatoid arthritis, Wegener’s granulomatosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. A variety of foreign material has been reported to result in granuloma formation in various parts of the body. We report a case of inflamed episcleral granulomas mimicking severe nodular anterior scleritis in a healthy Caucasian woman who underwent strabismus surgery in her childhood. Foreign body reaction on the episcleral/scleral surface is rare. It is extremely unusual for a non-absorbable suture that was used for childhood strabismus surgery to incite an acute inflammatory episode mimicking nodular anterior scleritis as in our case. As the strabismus surgery was performed 37 years prior to her presentation with anterior scleritis, we were unable to obtain any details of this surgical procedure. We presume that a non-absorbable suture like braided polyester or prolene may have been used.

Mutual Influence Study of Food Acids and Polysaccharides of Different Nature on the Sensory Perception of Low-Calorie Sweet Dishes

Food Industry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Minnikhanova ◽  
Nataliya Zavorokhina ◽  
Anna Gilina
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Apple Pectin ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract The inclusion of polysaccharide thickeners in the recipes of sweet dishes increases the functional reserves of the body, contributes to the preservation of health and the prevention of diseases. The purpose of the research is to study the sensory characteristics of polysaccharides of various nature when combined with food acids, to develop a recipe for a basic mixture of low-calorie meals for public catering. The authors analyzed citric, lactic and succinic acids in combinations with polysaccharides of various nature. Organoleptic tests were evaluated by a touch panel. The organization of the tasting analysis corresponded to GOST ISO 6658-2016; the consistency was determined according to GOST 31986-2012, GOST ISO 11036-2017, GOST ISO 8588-2011. The optimal organoleptic combinations of the presented food acids and complex additives of sweeteners (CDP) were identified, which included aspartame, sodium saccharinate, Sucralose, sweetness coefficient – 340: the mixture with citric acid had a long pleasant aftertaste without foreign tastes and the best taste characteristics. Using the “A-not A” method, we found that the sample with the addition of CDP is identical to the sucrose solution. In the second part of the study, polysaccharides were added to model samples of acids with complex sweeteners; the best sensory characteristics were obtained by model samples consisting of a mixture of low-esterified Apple pectin with lactic acid and KDP. The technology of obtaining a stable elastic jelly using low-esterified Apple pectin has been developed, since the complex mixture of sweeteners and food acids does not have a dehydrating effect. Developed a dry mix recipe that can serve as a basic development, low-calorie sweet products for catering and has a variance of use of lactic and succinic acids, depending on the flavor characteristics of the raw materials used and its corrective ability.

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