Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Roberts ◽  
Brett C Young
Keyword(s):  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
First Line ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Persistent Vomiting ◽  
Key Words Enteral Feeding

In pregnancy, the majority of women experience at least some nausea and vomiting. For many women, these symptoms are mild and self-limiting and resolve by the second trimester. A minority of women experience severe symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum with persistent vomiting, weight loss, and electrolyte derangements. The diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum is based on clinical history and exclusion of other etiologies of nausea and vomiting. First-line pharmacologic treatment is with pyridoxine and doxylamine. Other medical treatments include metoclopramide, phenothiazines, antacids, and ondansetron. In refractory cases, corticosteroids and enteral or parenteral nutrition may be considered. This review contains 3 figures, 2 tables and 83 references Key words: enteral feeding, hyperemesis gravidarum, maternal outcomes, nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, neonatal outcomes, nonpharmacologic antiemetics, pharmacologic antiemetics

Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Roberts ◽  
Brett C Young
Keyword(s):  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
First Line ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Persistent Vomiting ◽  
Key Words Enteral Feeding

In pregnancy, the majority of women experience at least some nausea and vomiting. For many women, these symptoms are mild and self-limiting and resolve by the second trimester. A minority of women experience severe symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum with persistent vomiting, weight loss, and electrolyte derangements. The diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum is based on clinical history and exclusion of other etiologies of nausea and vomiting. First-line pharmacologic treatment is with pyridoxine and doxylamine. Other medical treatments include metoclopramide, phenothiazines, antacids, and ondansetron. In refractory cases, corticosteroids and enteral or parenteral nutrition may be considered. This review contains 3 figures, 2 tables and 83 references Key words: enteral feeding, hyperemesis gravidarum, maternal outcomes, nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, neonatal outcomes, nonpharmacologic antiemetics, pharmacologic antiemetics

Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Roberts ◽  
Brett C Young
Keyword(s):  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
First Line ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Persistent Vomiting ◽  
Key Words Enteral Feeding

In pregnancy, the majority of women experience at least some nausea and vomiting. For many women, these symptoms are mild and self-limiting and resolve by the second trimester. A minority of women experience severe symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum with persistent vomiting, weight loss, and electrolyte derangements. The diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum is based on clinical history and exclusion of other etiologies of nausea and vomiting. First-line pharmacologic treatment is with pyridoxine and doxylamine. Other medical treatments include metoclopramide, phenothiazines, antacids, and ondansetron. In refractory cases, corticosteroids and enteral or parenteral nutrition may be considered. This review contains 3 figures, 2 tables and 83 references Key words: enteral feeding, hyperemesis gravidarum, maternal outcomes, nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, neonatal outcomes, nonpharmacologic antiemetics, pharmacologic antiemetics

scholarly journals Associations of vomiting and antiemetic use in pregnancy with levels of circulating GDF15 early in the second trimester: A nested case-control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive J. Petry ◽  
Ken K. Ong ◽  
Keith A. Burling ◽  
Peter Barker ◽  
Sandra F. Goodburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone ◽  
Trigger Zone ◽  
Body Mass Indexes ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Although nausea and vomiting are very common in pregnancy, their pathogenesis is poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that circulating growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) concentrations in early pregnancy, whose gene is implicated in hyperemesis gravidarum, are associated with nausea and vomiting. Methods: Blood samples for the measurement of GDF15 and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) concentrations were obtained early in the second trimester (median 15.1 (interquartile range 14.4-15.7) weeks) of pregnancy from 791 women from the Cambridge Baby Growth Study, a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort. During each trimester participants completed a questionnaire which included questions about nausea, vomiting and antiemetic use. Associations with pre-pregnancy body mass indexes (BMI) were validated in 231 pregnant NIPTeR Study participants. Results: Circulating GDF15 concentrations were higher in women reporting vomiting in the second trimester than in women reporting no pregnancy nausea or vomiting: 11,581 (10,977-12,219) (n=175) vs. 10,593 (10,066-11,147) (n=193) pg/mL, p=0.02). In women who took antiemetic drugs during pregnancy (n=11) the GDF15 levels were also raised 13,157 (10,558-16,394) pg/mL (p =0.04). Serum GFD15 concentrations were strongly positively correlated with hCG levels but were inversely correlated with maternal BMIs, a finding replicated in the NIPTeR Study. Conclusions: Week 15 serum GDF15 concentrations are positively associated with second trimester vomiting and maternal antiemetic use in pregnancy. Given GDF15’s site of action in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the brainstem and its genetic associations with hyperemesis gravidarum, these data support the concept that GDF15 may be playing a pathogenic role in pregnancy-associated vomiting.

HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK BIDAN SUPRIYATI SRIBIT BERBAH SLEMAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Pramukti Dian Setianingrum ◽  
Farah Irmania Tsani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World

Backgroud: The World Health Organization (WHO) explained that the number of Hyperemesis Gravidarum cases reached 12.5% of the total number of pregnancies in the world and the results of the Demographic Survey conducted in 2007, stated that 26% of women with live births experienced complications. The results of the observations conducted at the Midwife Supriyati Clinic found that pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum, with a comparison of 10 pregnant women who examined their contents there were about 4 pregnant women who complained of excessive nausea and vomiting. Objective: to determine the hyperemesis Gravidarum of pregnant mother in clinic. Methods: This study used Qualitative research methods by using a case study approach (Case Study.) Result: The description of excessive nausea of vomiting in women with Hipermemsis Gravidarum is continuous nausea and vomiting more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the body weight decreases and interferes with daily activities days The factors that influence the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum are Hormonal, Diet, Unwanted Pregnancy, and psychology, primigravida does not affect the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Conclusion: Mothers who experience Hyperemesis Gravidarum feel nausea vomiting continuously more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the weight decreases and interferes with daily activities, it is because there are several factors, namely, hormonal actors, diet, unwanted pregnancy, and psychology.

scholarly journals EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN PERMEN JAHE TERHADAP MUAL MUNTAH PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK KHAIRUNIDA SUNGGAL TAHUN 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Ani Nurdiana ◽  
Betty Mangkuji ◽  
Rismahara Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
P Value ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Pharmacy Department

Pregnancy causes a lot of change in the mother’s body, so there are various kinds of physiological discomfort in the mother such as nause and vomiting, usually mild and controlable. This condition sometimes stops in the first trimester, but its effect may lead to nutritional disorder, dehydration, weakness, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalances. If not treated, it will worsen into Hyperemesis Gravidarum This study aimed to determine the effectiveness og ginger candy in reducing the frecuency of nause and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women in the Khairunida clinik with experimental Quasy design and tested by One Group Pretest Postest. About 15 samples were obtained through purposive sampling technique and the data were taken using the T-dependent test. Through the study, it was found that the frequency of nausea and vomiting before being given intervation was 10,93 and after being given intervation was 3,33 with an average decrease by 7,60. Through the statistical test, it was obtained the p value <(0.05) so that this study concluded that administration of ginger candy was effective in reduring nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women. Further researchers are expected toreduce the use of non-pharmacological drugs to overcome nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women and collaborate with the pharmacy department to facilitate the process of making good qualityy ginger candy.

scholarly journals Hubungan Psikologis Ibu Hamil dengan Kejadian Hiperemesis Gravidarum

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica F. Rorrong ◽  
John J. E. Wantania ◽  
Anastasi M. Lumentut
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Psychological Conditions ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Nausea and vomiting are common problems in early pregnancy. Symptoms of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women that persist and get worse are called hyperemesis gravidarum. The causes of hyperemesis gravidarum are not exactly known, but it is supposed that they could be caused inter alia by psychological factors. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between the psychological state of pregnant women and the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum. This was a literature review study by using three databases, namely Google Scholar, ClinicalKey, and Pubmed. The keywords used were psychological AND hyperemesis gravidarum. The result showed that the psychological conditions assessed in most literatures were anxiety disorders, depression, and stress. Pregnant women who suffered from anxiety and stress could trigger or worsen the depression. The higher level of anxiety would increase the chance of suffering from hyperemesis gravidarum. Therefore, pregnant women need additional psychological support during treatment and as a follow-up for pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum. In conclusion, the psychological state of pregnant women is related to the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum.Keywords: psychological, hyperemesis gravidarum, nausea and vomiting Abstrak: Mual dan muntah merupakan masalah yang biasa terjadi pada awal kehamilan. Gejala mual dan muntah pada ibu hamil yang menetap dan bahkan bertambah berat disebut hiperemesis gravidarum. Faktor pemicu terjadinya hiperemesis gravidarum pada ibu hamil belum diketahui secara pasti, tetapi diperkirakan antara lain oleh faktor psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan keadaan psikologis ibu hamil dengan kejadian hiperemesis gravidarum. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan tiga database yaitu Google Scholar, ClinicalKey, dan Pubmed. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu psikologis /psychological AND hiperemesis gravidarum/hyperemesis gravidarum. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa kondisi psikologis yang dinilai pada sebagian besar literatur yang dikaji ialah mengenai gangguan kecemasan, depresi, dan stres. Ibu hamil yang mengalami cemas dan stres dapat memicu atau memperburuk terjadinya depresi. Tingkat kecemasan yang semakin tinggi akan meningkatkan peluang untuk mengalami hiperemesis gravidarum sehingga diperlukan dukungan psikologis tambahan selama perawatan dan sebagai tindak lanjut ibu hamil dengan hiperemesis gravidarum. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah keadaan psikologis ibu hamil berhubungan dengan kejadian hiperemesis gravidarum. Kata kunci: psikologis, hiperemesis gravidarum, mual dan muntah

scholarly journals Hyperthyroidism During Pregnancy: Etiology, Diagnosis and Management

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
John H Lazarus
Keyword(s):  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Neonatal Hyperthyroidism ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pregnancy has marked effects on thyroid physiology and autoimmune thyroid disease tends to ameliorate through gestation due to the general immunosuppression seen in pregnancy. There is a need for trimester-specific thyroid hormone reference ranges. Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy – usually due to Graves' disease – is not common but, if the patient is compliant, a good outcome can be expected for both mother and child if treatment with anti-thyroid drugs (propylthiouracil is preferred) is instituted. Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody should be measured at 36 weeks in such patients in order to predict the possibility of neonatal hyperthyroidism. Transient gestational hyperthyroidism is often associated with hyperemesis gravidarum and thyroid function should be checked in patients severely affected by this condition. Radioiodine therapy is contraindicated in pregnancy but thyroid surgery may be performed safely in the second trimester. Autoimmune thyroiditis and Graves’ hyperthyroidism occur quite commonly in postpartum women.

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