A Cost-Effective, Robust and an Efficient Design of a Motor Controller for UGVs

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyiba Jawed ◽  
Freeha Azmat ◽  
Muhammad Z. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Motor Controller

scholarly journals Efficient Design of Energy Disaggregation Model with BERT-NILM Trained by AdaX Optimization Method for Smart Grid

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4649
Author(s):  
İsmail Hakkı ÇAVDAR ◽  
Vahit FERYAD
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grids ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Energy Disaggregation ◽  
Load Monitoring

One of the basic conditions for the successful implementation of energy demand-side management (EDM) in smart grids is the monitoring of different loads with an electrical load monitoring system. Energy and sustainability concerns present a multitude of issues that can be addressed using approaches of data mining and machine learning. However, resolving such problems due to the lack of publicly available datasets is cumbersome. In this study, we first designed an efficient energy disaggregation (ED) model and evaluated it on the basis of publicly available benchmark data from the Residential Energy Disaggregation Dataset (REDD), and then we aimed to advance ED research in smart grids using the Turkey Electrical Appliances Dataset (TEAD) containing household electricity usage data. In addition, the TEAD was evaluated using the proposed ED model tested with benchmark REDD data. The Internet of things (IoT) architecture with sensors and Node-Red software installations were established to collect data in the research. In the context of smart metering, a nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) model was designed to classify household appliances according to TEAD data. A highly accurate supervised ED is introduced, which was designed to raise awareness to customers and generate feedback by demand without the need for smart sensors. It is also cost-effective, maintainable, and easy to install, it does not require much space, and it can be trained to monitor multiple devices. We propose an efficient BERT-NILM tuned by new adaptive gradient descent with exponential long-term memory (Adax), using a deep learning (DL) architecture based on bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT). In this paper, an improved training function was designed specifically for tuning of NILM neural networks. We adapted the Adax optimization technique to the ED field and learned the sequence-to-sequence patterns. With the updated training function, BERT-NILM outperformed state-of-the-art adaptive moment estimation (Adam) optimization across various metrics on REDD datasets; lastly, we evaluated the TEAD dataset using BERT-NILM training.

Coupled Multi-Material and Joint Topology Optimization: A Proof of Concept

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlad Florea ◽  
Vishrut Shah ◽  
Stephen Roper ◽  
Garrett Vierhout ◽  
Il Yong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Manufacturing Constraints ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Engineering Costs ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Material Layout

Over the past decade there has been an increasing demand for light-weight components for the automotive and aerospace industries. This has led to significant advancement in Topology Optimization methods, especially in developing new algorithms which can consider multi-material design. While Multi-Material Topology Optimization (MMTO) can be used to determine the optimum material layout and choice for a given engineering design problem, it fails to consider practical manufacturing constraints. One such constraint is the practical joining of multi-component designs. In this paper, a new method will be proposed for simultaneously performing MMTO and Joint Topology Optimization (JTO). This algorithm will use a serial approach to loop through the MMTO and JTO phases to obtain a truly optimum design which considers both aspects. A case study is performed on an automotive ladder frame chassis component as a proof of concept for the proposed approach. Two loops of the proposed process resulted in a reduction of components and in the number of joints used between them. This translates into a tangible improvement in the manufacturability of the MMTO design. Ultimately, being able to consider additional manufacturing constraints in the Topology Optimization process can greatly benefit research and development efforts. A better design is reached with fewer iterations, thus driving down engineering costs. Topology Optimization can help in determining a cost effective and efficient design which address existing structural design challenges.

Integrative Technology and Inspection Planning—A Case Study in Medical Industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Klocke ◽  
Johannes Müller ◽  
Patrick Mattfeld ◽  
Jan Kukulies ◽  
Robert H. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Technology Planning ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Inspection Planning ◽  
Quality Costs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Manufacturing History

In most trendsetting industries like the aerospace, automotive and medical industry functionally critical parts are of highest importance. Due to strict legal requirements regarding the securing of the functionality of high-risk parts, both production costs and quality costs contribute significantly to the manufacturing costs. Thus, both types of costs have to be taken into consideration during the stage of technology planning. Due to the high variety of potential interactions between individual component properties as well as between component properties and manufacturing processes, the analysis of the influence of the manufacturing history on an efficient design of inspection processes and inspection strategies is extremely complex. Furthermore, the effects of inspection strategies and quality costs on the planning of manufacturing process sequences cannot be modeled to date. As a consequence, manufacturing and inspection processes are designed separately and thus a high cost reduction potential remains untapped. In this paper, a new approach for an integrative technology and inspection planning is presented and applied to a case study in medical industry. At first, existing approaches with regard to technology and inspection planning are reviewed. After a definition of relevant terms, the case study is introduced. Following, an approach for an integrative technology and inspection planning is presented and applied to the case study. In the presented approach, the complex causalities between technology planning, manufacturing history, and inspection planning are considered to enable a cost-effective production process and inspection sequence design.

Improving public works’ value for money: a new procurement strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Marinelli ◽  
Fani Antoniou
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Data ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Public Works ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Value For Money ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Procurement Strategy

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a new procurement strategy with the aim to achieve higher value for money (VFM) in public works delivery. Its main innovation lies in the possibility of optional submission of cost-efficient design variants by any interested contractor within the context of an open procedure. The final scope of works incorporates the variants approved, and all contractors are invited to submit a bid for the revised scope and budget. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a piece of applied research presenting the development of a new, cost-effective procurement strategy for public works, geared at the European Union (EU) legal framework. The strategy’s feature compilation has been based on comprehensive literature review while numerical data from a real world project were used to demonstrate its financial advantages. Findings The proposed strategy enables the delivery of the best value project at the lowest cost possible. This is achieved through ensuring high competition among competent contractors, improving the cost efficiency of technical solutions, discouraging future scope changes and establishing objectivity, fairness and transparency in the process of contract award. Practical implications The use of the proposed strategy results in public projects of enhanced VFM, reduced constructability issues and less scope changes during the construction stage. Originality/value The proposed strategy marks a new approach in procurement which enables the delivery of best VFM in public works. Therefore, it makes a valuable contribution towards the achievement of the overarching EU target for efficient public spending.

Comparative Study of Efficient Design, Control and Monitoring of Solar Power Using Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-426
Author(s):  
Parminder Kaur ◽  
Vikas Pandey ◽  
Balwinder Raj
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Module Efficiency

The shortage of electricity is a major constraint to economic growth. Renewable energy such as solar energy has many advantages but also has many challenges to enhance its efficiency which is limited by the weather changes, dust particles, and material dependant properties. This affect various parameters like fill factor, short circuit current (jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc) and module efficiency. This paper represents different materials used in solar cell structures and gives a realistic approach of factors affecting the performance of photovoltaic modules. The material used must produce cost-effective solar cells by reducing the amount of silicon material used in its production and enhance the power output. To enhance the performance of the PV cell, various methods and technologies are used. Effective use of solar power can be obtained using Internet of Things (IoT) technology which is used for solar tracking, monitoring, and forecasting.

Composite Dowels in Bridges - Efficient Solution

2013 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 193-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Seidl ◽  
Edward Petzek ◽  
Radu Bancila
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Steel Strip ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Composite Bridges

The bridges are vital structures for the transport infrastructure; it is a fact that, in the last decades, composite bridges became a well-liked solution in many European countries as a cost-effective and aesthetic alternative to concrete bridges. Their competitiveness depends on several circumstances such as site conditions, local costs of material and staff and the contractors experience. Beside the classical solution, the new ones with efficient design and construction improve and consolidate the market position of the steel construction and steel producing industry. These bridge solutions combine many important aspects: reduced costs, fast and simple erection, durability and robustness, low maintenance costs and an appealing aesthetical aspect. Another feature is the robustness of composite bridges. The robustness of a structure has to be defined as being the capacity of the system to keep its structural integrity for any kind of action that may occur during its service life. The present tendency in composite bridges consists in simplifying the structure as much as possible. Continuous shear connection using a cut steel strip is a solution for composite beams. With the introduction of the composite dowel the possibility is given to develop new construction methods for bridges. The paper will include interesting aspects regarding the dimensioning of the structure and technological features and also aspects related to the efficiency, robustness and fatigue behavior of the joints with composite dowels in bridges. The behavior of the dowels has a theoretical background based on laboratory investigations. The Romanian railway and highway infrastructure is presently involved in a large operation of renewal and modernization. The solution was recently introduced in Romania for three highway bridges of medium spans.

scholarly journals Cost-Effective Vibration Analysis through Data-Backed Pipeline Optimisation

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6678
Author(s):  
Artur Sokolovsky ◽  
David Hare ◽  
Jorn Mehnen
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Efficient Design

Vibration analysis is an active area of research, aimed, among other targets, at an accurate classification of machinery failure modes. The analysis often leads to complex and convoluted signal processing pipeline designs, which are computationally demanding and often cannot be deployed in IoT devices. In the current work, we address this issue by proposing a data-driven methodology that allows optimising and justifying the complexity of the signal processing pipelines. Additionally, aiming to make IoT vibration analysis systems more cost- and computationally efficient, on the example of MAFAULDA vibration dataset, we assess the changes in the failure classification performance at low sampling rates as well as short observation time windows. We find out that a decrease of the sampling rate from 50 kHz to 1 kHz leads to a statistically significant classification performance drop. A statistically significant decrease is also observed for the 0.1 s time window compared to the 5 s one. However, the effect sizes are small to medium, suggesting that in certain settings lower sampling rates and shorter observation windows might be worth using, consequently making the use of the more cost-efficient sensors feasible. The proposed optimisation approach, as well as the statistically supported findings of the study, allow for an efficient design of IoT vibration analysis systems, both in terms of complexity and costs, bringing us one step closer to the widely accessible IoT/Edge-based vibration analysis.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Study for Designing Optical Multilayer Films Using NdF3/ ThF4

2021 ◽  
pp. 3877-3887
Author(s):  
Zainab I. Al-Assadi
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
Merit Factor ◽  
Quarter Wave

An idea of a colored glaze is presented in this study to hide and dispose all the obstacles of using solar systems as facades integrated with buildings. This aim is achieved  by designing multilayer optical interference filters by using Mat lab program . Appropriate dielectric materials, namely NdF3 of high refractive index (nH =1.6)  and ThF4 of low refractive index (nL =1.5143) were employed. Quarter wave thicknesses of high (H) and low (L) refractive index were deposited on a microscopic slide substrate with n=1.513 and 550 nm design wavelength (l°). Two optical models were designed, which are Air//HL//glass and Air//LH//glass,  for even numbers of layers (2-32 layers). The challenge in this study is to find the most efficient design which has lower solar reflectance (Rsol.) and higher solar transmittance (Tsol.) to raise the efficiency of the solar systems  and, in parallel, obtain the colored reflection to achieve the esthetic appearance of the buildings integrated with the solar system facades. The Tsol. value was high (94-95 %), whereas the Rsol. was very low  (4-5 %). Hence, the  efficiency of the solar system was increased. The two optical models exhibited green color reflectance in the visible region. The first design, i.e. Air/HL/glass, showed higher values of  Rvis.  and the merit factor (M) than the second model, resulting in a higher potential of coloration. The first design requires fewer materials and layers, thus, it is more cost-effective as compared to the second one.

Impressionist: A 3D Peekaboo Game for Crowdsourcing Shape Saliency

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houpu (Hope) Yao ◽  
Max Yi Ren
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Shape Recognition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Saliency Map ◽  
Shape Features ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Crowd Sourcing ◽  
Saliency Maps ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
Large Shape

Designers often express their intents (e.g., on product functionalities and semantics) through shape features. Therefore, collecting such “salient” features from existing shapes and learning their associations with design intents will enable efficient design of new shapes. However, the acquisition of saliency knowledge from a large shape collection has not been accomplished. This paper investigates a gamification approach to this end. In addition, we propose to validate a derived saliency map by its corresponding shape recognition accuracy through crowd-sourcing. This allows a comparison across existing and the proposed saliency acquistion and computation methods. Currentl results show that the proposed method achieves statistically similar recognition accuracy to existing saliency data on a standard shape database, indicating that various saliency maps are equally valid according to the proposed saliency definition. Nonetheless, the saliency data obtained through the proposed game consistently produces reasonable viewpoints across shapes, outperforming existing curvature-based and crowdsourcing approaches. The findings from this study could lead to developments of game mechanisms that are more scalable and cost effective at saliency elicitation than existing paid crowdsourcing approaches.

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