DEVELOPING AN E-BOOK BASED INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS LEARNING MATERIALS USING ALDIKO CLASSIC APPLICATION FOR SOCIAL SCIENCES STUDENTS

This research has a long-term purpose: to implement the study of introduction to economics effectively and efficiently. The learning materials developed were the non-printing type using the Aldiko Classic application so that the students do not have to spend more money to buy the printed learning material. The students just have to download the application (for free) in Playstore and install the learning materials of introduction to economics developed in such application. It was expected that the social sciences education students better understand the learning materials taught by the lecturer using the e-book and ease them to study independently. The stages in developing the e-book based learning material are as follows: 1.) analysis stage (analysis) covers the analysis of learning sources and learning material requirement, 2.) design stage (design) is to determine the learning material framework, cover learning material, layout, references, and creating assessment instrument of learning material, 3.) Development stage (Development) covers developing an e-book based learning material, experts validation and revision, 4.) implementation stage (implementation) is the trial test of learning material which has been validated, 5) Evaluation stage (Evaluation) is the stage to analyze weakness and strength of learning material which has been tested to students. The research results are 1) the development of an e-book based introduction to economics learning material has excellent feasibility because it has been conducted validation with an average score of 83% (valid). 2) the learning material of e-book based introduction to economics was declared practical to be used by the students based on the results of the response questionnaire with an average score of 77% (practical).

Combining Macro- and Mesoscale Optimization: A Case Study of the General Electric Jet Engine Bracket

Topology optimization (TO) is a mathematical method that optimizes the material layout in a pre-defined design domain. Its theoretical background is widely known for macro-, meso-, and microscale levels of a structure. The macroscale TO is now available in the majority of commercial TO software, while only a few software packages offer a mesoscale TO with the design and optimization of lattice structures. However, they still lack a practical simultaneous macro–mesoscale TO. It is not clear to the designers how they can combine and apply TO at different levels. In this paper, a two-scale TO is conducted using the homogenization theory at both the macro- and mesoscale structural levels. In this way, the benefits of the existence and optimization of mesoscale structures were researched. For this reason, as a case study, a commercial example of the known jet engine bracket from General Electric (GE bracket) was used. Different optimization workflows were implemented in order to develop alternative design concepts of the same mass. The design concepts were compared with respect to their weight, strength, and simulation time for the given load cases. In addition, the lightest design concept among them was identified.

Isogeometric shape optimization for design dependent loads

This paper presents a new isogeometric formulation for shape optimization of structures subjected to design dependent loads. This work considers two types of design dependent loads, namely surface loads like pressure where the direction and/or magnitude of force changes with the variation of boundary shape, and body forces that depend on the material layout. These problems have been mostly solved by topology optimization methods which are prone to difficulties in determination of the loading surface for pressure loads and problems associated with non-monotonous behaviour of compliance and low density regions for body forces. This work uses an isogeometric shape optimization approach where the geometry is defined using NURBS and the control point coordinates and control weights of the boundary are chosen as design variables. This approach accommodates the design dependent loads easily, in addition to its other advantages like exact geometry representation, local control, fewer design variables, excellent shape sensitivity, efficient mesh refinement strategies, and smooth results that can be integrated with CAD. Two classes of optimization problems have been discussed, they are minimum compliance problems subject to volume constraint and minimum weight problems subjected to local stress constraints. These problems are solved using convex optimization programs. Hence, expressions for full sensitivities are derived which is new for structural shape optimization problems with design dependent loads. Some representative engineering examples are solved and compared with existing literature to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.

Analysis of the English Textbook «Enterprise 4»

Relevance of the study is substantiated by the need for the optimisation of foreign languages education in non-linguistic higher education establishments at economic faculties that are particularly influential on the process related to the acquisition and memorising of linguistic material. The purpose of the study is to analyse the English textbook «Enterprise 4» issued by the Publishing house «Express Publishing» as an effective means of communication. Special attention is paid to the correspondence of the content of the textbook to its aim, expediency of using the mentioned textbook at practical sessions at higher educational institutions at economic faculties by the students majoring in Hotel and Restaurant Business. The methods used are as follows: the methodological aspect of the textbook is stressed; the author emphasises a positive role of the data obtained and the introduction, underlining the aim of lessons for seekers of higher education. The scholar examines the usage of the most spread types of tests: asking-answering questions, translating, matching, completing, gap-filling, information transferring, recording, correcting, paragraphing, multiple choice, finding differences (similarities) and so on. Results: the article underlines the importance of the textbook’s functions, the necessity to include into the educational process such creative tasks as working out portfolios, group work, making notes, making up dialogues, organisation of discussions, presentations, role-playing. Unquestionable advantages of the “Enterprise 4” textbook are as follows: complete compatibility to the requirements of the teaching programs, prominent clarity of the material structuring, availability of technical support for the textbook users, visible scientific correctness in the contents and completeness in the revealing of the main issues, the use of up-to-date and generally accepted scientific terms. The lexical and grammar material is practice-oriented, its interactions with life is obvious. The textbook shows the ways to the differential approach to teaching new material; its content correlates with age characteristics of higher school students. The language of the mentioned material is clear and simple. One can trace comparative studies in the textbook (American English – British English reference book). Motivation of the youth’s learning activities, development of their interest to the subject by using the methods proposed in the textbook show the presence of problematic and searching tasks. The didactic adequacy of the tasks system given in the textbook, its capacity to facilitate students’ independent activities alongside the logic of the illustrative material layout and use are considerable advantages of the textbook as both a stand-alone and an additional information source. Conclusions: this article accents on further development of the four language activities at the English lessons – listening, speaking, reading and writing, as well as on four competences –linguistic, speaking, social-cultural and strategic (general learning) ones.

Optimization of Brake Calipers Using Topology Optimization for Additive Manufacturing

The weight optimization of a structure can be conducted by using fewer and downsized components, applying lighter materials in production, and removing unwanted material. Topology optimization (TO) is one of the most implemented material removal processes. In addition, when it is oriented towards additive manufacturing (AM), it increases design flexibility. The traditional optimization approach is the compliance optimization, where the material layout of a structure is optimized by minimizing its overall compliance. However, TO, in its current state of the art, is mainly used for design inspiration and not for manufacturing due to design complexities and lack of accuracy of its design solutions. The authors, in this research paper, explore the benefits and the limitations of the TO using as a case study the housings of a front and a rear brake caliper. The calipers were optimized for weight reduction by implementing the aforementioned optimization procedure. Their housings were topologically optimized, partially redesigned, prepared for 3D printing, validated, and 3D printed in titanium using selective laser melting (SLM). The weight of the optimized calipers reduced by 41.6% compared to commercial calipers. Designers interested in either TO or in automotive engineering can exploit the findings in this paper.

MODIFIKASI MANAJEMEN INVENTORI GUDANG DALAM IMPLEMENTASI LEAN WAREHOUSING: SEBUAH STUDI KASUS PADA INDUSTRI FMCG

The warehouse performance in serving the production department is a top priority to realize the production schedule set by the companies as a response to the market. Market uncertainty is an essential factor that needs to be considered to ensure the sustainability of production activities. Excellent performance in warehouse management will help reduce the impact of risks caused by uncertainty. Thus, it is necessary to make continuous improvements in warehouse management so that its performance will be better. This research aims to formulate practical tactics that can be used by warehouse operators to improve warehouse performance, which is leaner, more productive, and more efficient. The FMCG (fast-moving consumer goods) industry was chosen as the case study in this research. The approach used is a modification of the material classification and changes in material layout. This study presents a significant difference in reducing the time spent on non-value-added activities. This research succeeded in reducing the portion of time used for non-value added activities (waste). AbstrakRevolusi industri 4.0 menciptakan peluang bagi UMKM di daerah pedesaan untuk dapat membangun dan mengembangkan jaringan pemasaran pada skala yang luas dan efisien. Penerapan digitalisasi pada suatu Desa akan memberikan dampak luias terhadap potensi apa yang belum diketahui secara umum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengusulkan desain aplikasi android yang diharapkan dapat memberikan pengalaman baru kepada para pengunjung untuk mengetahui potensi desa yang belum terekspos. Kontribusi dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari perbandingan pada desain model aplikasi yang dievaluasi pada dua desa dengan budaya dan potensi yang berbeda, yaitu Desa Ponggok Klaten dan Desa Kadubungbang Pandeglang. Hasil QFD dan AHP dapat diketahui bahwa aplikasi bersifat fleksibel terhadap penerapan dua desa serta prioritas kebutuhan pengunjung dan fitur prioritas aplikasi. Hasil erbandingan terdapat kesamaan dalam kebutuhan pelanggan dan perbedaan dalam desain fitur, karena kedua desa memiliki budaya dan topografi yang berbeda.

Automated Water Irrigation System for Urban Farming

The advancement in knowledge and technology has benefited various types of industries worldwide including the agricultural sector. The developments in the traditional agricultural sector has created a new type of agronomy called, urban farming. This type of farming is usually done in the city or even in housing areas and apartments. The concept of this agricultural activity is to utilise limited amounts of available space for the planting of fruits and vegetables that can grow at a quick rate. This type of farming is small-scaled and requires low initial investments. However, the issue with urban farming is that water irrigation is usually done manually using human labour and is powered by electricity which is a non-renewable energy power source. Thus, the main objective of this research paper is to produce a new and improved small-scaled automated water irrigation system for urban farming that is not only self-sustainable but also powered by renewable energy. There were three types of analysis conducted that contained the major factors affecting a water irrigation system. These analyses are renewable energy, flow and economic analysis. Besides that, main design elements were also taken into consideration such as using renewable energy as a power source (Solar, Wind or Hydro), pump and motor power, pipe size, material, layout and cost, volumetric flow rate, head loss and actual pressure present in pipes. The results of the analysis justified that hydro energy was the best renewable energy to be used as a power source. The results also showed that a 500 W pump and motor set was most optimum to irrigate water in the urban farm. In addition, a 0.3 m underground pipe layout using ¾ inch rubber pipes was proven to be the most efficient for a new and improved water irrigation system. From the economic analysis conducted, the new and improved design of automated water irrigation system for urban farming was able to save up to RM 2364.58 annually with a Return on Investment (ROI) of about 6 months while showing profit within 1 year. The analyses conducted and results obtained proved that the new and improved design of automated water irrigation system for urban farming is not only cost efficient but is also environmentally friendly.

The Material Politics of Infrastructure Networks Infrastructure Design and Territorial Transformation in Belgium, 1830–40s

This article delves into the processes of territorial transformation by foregrounding the material dimension of infrastructure. The entry of the research is infrastructure network design and planning. We will trace the concepts of territorial transformation inscribed into the material layout of large technical systems by analyzing the discourse of engineers and policy makers involved in the conception of infrastructure networks. In so doing, the material politics of infrastructure networks will be studied: How did engineers and policy makers design infrastructure to generate a specific territorial transformation? Moreover, how did technological plans hold the idea that one could influence modernization processes by means of a territorial transformation instigated by infrastructure? The neutral status of technology is thus fundamentally challenged by showing that engineers, in association with policy makers, were essential actors in the planned transformation of the territory as they organized infrastructure networks according to specific ideas relating spatial and societal transformation. The article focuses on two decades after the independence of Belgium (1831), when engineers conceived comprehensive networks of rails, waterways, and roads. The material politics of two major public works initiatives will be analyzed: (1) the centrally positioned railway network that connected all industrial centers within the territory as well as with the markets of neighboring countries, positioning Belgium into Europe as international turntable, and (2) a network of roads and canals in peripheral, so-called unproductive, regions that had to integrate these regions within national borders, and indeed extend these borders, as well as buffer and govern the side-effects and risks generated by the accelerating industrialization in the central parts of the nation.

A Comprehensive Review of Isogeometric Topology Optimization: Methods, Applications and Prospects

Topology Optimization (TO) is a powerful numerical technique to determine the optimal material layout in a design domain, which has accepted considerable developments in recent years. The classic Finite Element Method (FEM) is applied to compute the unknown structural responses in TO. However, several numerical deficiencies of the FEM significantly influence the effectiveness and efficiency of TO. In order to eliminate the negative influence of the FEM on TO, IsoGeometric Analysis (IGA) has become a promising alternative due to its unique feature that the Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model and Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) model can be unified into a same mathematical model. In the paper, the main intention is to provide a comprehensive overview for the developments of Isogeometric Topology Optimization (ITO) in methods and applications. Finally, some prospects for the developments of ITO in the future are also presented.