scholarly journals Can rapid maxillary expansion cause auditory improvement in children and adolescents with hearing loss? A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 886-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalia Carolina Fernandes Fagundes ◽  
Nicole Melres Rabello ◽  
Lucianne Cople Maia ◽  
David Normando ◽  
Karina Corrêa Flexa Ribeiro Mello
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Hearing Level ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Palatal Expansion

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate whether the use of palatal expansion techniques can influence hearing loss in children and adolescents with previous hearing impairment. Materials and Methods: Electronic searches in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Lilacs, OpenGrey, and Google Scholar were performed with a controlled vocabulary and free-text terms relating to palatal expansion and hearing loss. No language or time restrictions were imposed. Clinical trials that focused on human patients treated with rapid or semirapid maxillary expansion in children and teenagers with hearing loss were included. Data extraction was undertaken by two authors, with conflict resolution by a third author. Risk of bias assessment and data extraction were performed on the selected studies. Results: Seventy-four citations were retrieved by the search. Initially, 12 studies were selected according to the eligibility criteria, but three studies were excluded because of the presence of adults, absence of hearing level evaluation, and oversampling, resulting in nine studies. The mean improvement in hearing levels varied from 2 to 19 dB among the studies. The risk of bias varied from low to moderate risk. Conclusions: The evidence indicated that there was a hearing improvement after maxillary expansion in patients with hearing loss in the evaluated studies, although more controlled and randomized studies are necessary to investigate this issue further.

scholarly journals Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Nocturnal Enuresis in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Controlled Clinical Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Khaled Khalaf ◽  
Dina Mansour ◽  
Zain Sawalha ◽  
Sima Habrawi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Palatal Expansion ◽  
Rapid Palatal Expansion ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option

Objectives. To evaluate the effectiveness of rapid palatal expansion in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis among 6–18-year-old children and adolescents. Methods. Comprehensive searches were carried out in 6 electronic databases (EBSCO, ProQuest, Clinical Key, Science Direct, SCOPUS, and OVID) and supplemented by additional manual searches in 4 orthodontic journals until June 2020. Randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) of children and adolescents aged 6–18 years old of both genders who underwent rapid palatal expansion and were considered unresponsive to previous conventional nocturnal enuresis treatment were included in this review. Risk of bias of individual trials was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool for CCTs and the revised Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool for RCTs (RoB 2). Results. Four studies met all inclusion criteria and were finally included in this systematic review, of which one was an RCT and three were CCTs. Reduction in nocturnal enuresis frequency was reported in all included studies with varying rates and methods of reporting, but most studies reported a statistically significant reduction in the number of wet nights per week. The average range of becoming completely dry 1 year after treatment with an RME was 0%–60%. Also, there was a statistically significant correlation between an improvement in bedwetting and an increase in nasal volume after the use of RME. Conclusion. A rapid palatal expansion device may be considered as an alternative treatment option of the nocturnal enuresis condition with guarded prognosis when other treatment modalities have failed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of retinopathy in prediabetes: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e040997
Author(s):  
Varo Kirthi ◽  
Paul Nderitu ◽  
Uazman Alam ◽  
Jennifer Evans ◽  
Sarah Nevitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cochrane Library

IntroductionThere is growing evidence of a higher than expected prevalence of retinopathy in prediabetes. This paper presents the protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis of retinopathy in prediabetes. The aim of the review is to estimate the prevalence of retinopathy in prediabetes and to summarise the current data.Methods and analysisThis protocol is developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. A comprehensive electronic bibliographic search will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library. Eligible studies will report prevalence data for retinopathy on fundus photography in adults with prediabetes. No time restrictions will be placed on the date of publication. Screening for eligible studies and data extraction will be conducted by two reviewers independently, using predefined inclusion criteria and prepiloted data extraction forms. Disagreements between the reviewers will be resolved by discussion, and if required, a third (senior) reviewer will arbitrate.The primary outcome is the prevalence of any standard features of diabetic retinopathy (DR) on fundus photography, as per International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (ICDRSS) classification. Secondary outcomes are the prevalence of (1) any retinal microvascular abnormalities on fundus photography that are not standard features of DR as per ICDRSS classification and (2) any macular microvascular abnormalities on fundus photography, including but not limited to the presence of macular exudates, microaneurysms and haemorrhages. Risk of bias for included studies will be assessed using a validated risk of bias tool for prevalence studies. Pooled estimates for the prespecified outcomes of interest will be calculated using random effects meta-analytic techniques. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the I2 statistic.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as this is a protocol for a systematic review and no primary data are to be collected. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at national and international meetings including Diabetes UK, European Association for the Study of Diabetes, American Diabetes Association and International Diabetes Federation conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020184820.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Antalgic Therapies in Patients with Vertebral Bone Metastasis: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3991
Author(s):  
Antonio Jose Martin-Perez ◽  
María Fernández-González ◽  
Paula Postigo-Martin ◽  
Marc Sampedro Pilegaard ◽  
Carolina Fernández-Lao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Vertebral Metastasis ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

There is no systematic review that has identified existing studies evaluating the pharmacological and non-pharmacological intervention for pain management in patients with bone metastasis. To fill this gap in the literature, this systematic review with meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different antalgic therapies (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) in the improvement of pain of these patients. To this end, this protocol has been written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020135762). A systematic search will be carried out in four international databases: Medline (Via PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane Library and SCOPUS, to select the randomized controlled clinical trials. The Risk of Bias Tool developed by Cochrane will be used to assess the risk of bias and the quality of the identified studies. A narrative synthesis will be used to describe and compare the studies, and after the data extraction, random effects model and a subgroup analyses will be performed according to the type of intervention, if possible. This protocol aims to generate a systematic review that compiles and synthesizes the best and most recent evidence on the treatment of pain derived from vertebral metastasis.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) in late adolescents and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldin Kapetanović ◽  
Christina I Theodorou ◽  
Stefaan J Bergé ◽  
Jan G J H Schols ◽  
Tong Xi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Palatal Expansion ◽  
Rapid Palatal Expansion ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Maxillary Deficiency

Summary Background Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) is a non-surgical treatment for transverse maxillary deficiency. However, there is limited evidence concerning its efficacy. Objectives This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of MARPE in late adolescents and adults by assessing success rate and skeletal and dental transverse maxillary expansion, as well as treatment duration, dental and periodontal side effects and soft tissue effects. Search methods Seven electronic databases were searched (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest and ClinicalTrials.gov) without limitations in November 2020. Selection criteria Randomized and non-randomized clinical trials and observational studies on patients from the age of 16 onwards with transverse maxillary deficiency who were treated with MARPE and which included any of the predefined outcomes. Data collection and analysis Inclusion eligibility screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed independently in duplicate. When possible, exploratory meta-analyses of mean differences (MDs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were conducted, followed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) analysis of the evidence quality. Results Eight articles were included: two prospective and six retrospective observational studies. One study had a moderate risk of bias, whereas seven studies had a serious risk of bias. GRADE quality of evidence was very low. MARPE showed a high success rate (mean: 92.5%; 95%CI: 88.7%–96.3%), resulting in a significant skeletal width increase (MD: 2.33 mm; 95%CI: 1.63 mm–3.03 mm) and dental intermolar width increase (MD: 6.55 mm; 95%CI: 5.50 mm–7.59 mm). A significant increase in dental tipping, a decrease in mean buccal bone thickness and buccal alveolar height, as well as nasal soft tissue change was present (P < 0.05). The mean duration of expansion ranged from 20 to 126 days. Limitations One of the main drawbacks was the lack of high-quality prospective studies in the literature. Conclusions and implications MARPE is a treatment modality that is associated with a high success rate in skeletal and dental maxillary expansion. MARPE can induce dental and periodontal side effects and affect peri-oral soft tissues. Given the serious risk of bias of the included studies, careful data interpretation is necessary and future research of higher quality is strongly recommended. Registration PROSPERO (CRD42020176618). Funding No grants or any other support funding were received.

Evaluating Efficacy and Safety of Intradermal Delivery of Vaccines through Microneedle(s) in Animals: Systematic Review Protocol (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishumeet Kaur Bajwa ◽  
Navneet Kaur ◽  
Joseph L. Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Systematic Review Protocol ◽  
Intradermal Delivery ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Intradermal Route

BACKGROUND Microneedles are defined as micron-sized projections that create microscopic holes to the skin on application so that drug molecules can penetrate across the outer layers of the skin into the dermis or deeper. Skin is a natural barrier for defense against invading pathogens. Additionally, the dermis possesses dendritic cells that are efficient for antigen presentation and initiating the cascade of immunogenic responses leading to antibody production. Therefore, intradermal delivery of vaccine antigens could be a safe and less invasive alternative for vaccine delivery compared with conventional intramuscular injection. OBJECTIVE We intend to undertake a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intradermal delivery of vaccines using microneedles in animal models. METHODS In this systematic review, we will consider all study designs evaluating the safety and/or efficacy of intradermal delivery of vaccines using microneedles in animal models. Our search strategy will include free text terms and controlled vocabulary for, “microneedle”, “vaccine”, and “intradermal”. We will search literature through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and OpenGrey, and we will not have language or date limits. Two review authors will independently select eligible studies and assess the risk of bias using the SYRCLE’s tool particularly for controlled studies and OHAT Risk of Bias Rating Tool for case studies, case-control studies, non-randomized studies, and cohort studies, and CAMARADES checklist to appraise the quality of the included studies. We will report structured summaries of the included studies and, if possible, conduct meta-analyses. The primary outcome to be measured is the efficacy of vaccine delivered through an intradermal route using microneedle(s) such as parameters of immunogenicity (for example antibody levels), sero-efficacy (for example sero-conversion), protective efficacy, etc. Secondary outcomes would include the safety of vaccines delivered through the intradermal route. This could include parameters to identify and/or quantify the timing and nature of local reactions, bleeding, systemic reactions, and death. Pain response during vaccination delivered through the intradermal route will also be evaluated. RESULTS This is a protocol for a systematic review; therefore, results are not available. CONCLUSIONS This is the first systematic review protocol aiming to assess the evidence on the efficacy and safety of intradermal delivery of vaccines using microneedles in various animal models. The findings will inform the safety and efficacy of intradermal delivery of vaccines in animal models, with the overall goal of considering the method for human vaccination as well. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO CRD42021236625

scholarly journals Hearing Loss Treatment in Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 2589-2603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara K. Mamo ◽  
Nicholas S. Reed ◽  
Carrie Price ◽  
Dona Occhipinti ◽  
Alexandra Pletnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Full Text Review

Purpose The purpose of this systematic review was to assess studies of treating hearing loss in older adults with cognitive impairment. Of interest to this review is identifying clinical adaptations that may be used to tailor hearing loss treatment to older adults with cognitive impairment in order to better serve this vulnerable population. Method A systematic search with controlled vocabulary and key word terms was applied to PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Search concepts included terms related to hearing loss and cognitive impairment. The overall search resulted in 4,945 unique references, 50 of which were eligible for full-text review and 13 of which were included in the final review. Included manuscripts were categorized according to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's levels of evidence and the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tools. Results Only 1 study implemented a randomized controlled trial design to assess cognitive function and behavioral symptoms after treatment with hearing aids. Other quasiexperimental studies evaluated dementia-related symptoms and/or auditory function after treating hearing loss in pre/post research designs. Finally, evidence from case studies suggested that hearing loss treatment is feasible, reduces stressful communication for caregivers, and improves dementia-related behavior problems. Conclusion Based on the systematic review, evidence suggests that treating hearing loss in persons with cognitive impairment can have benefits to communication and quality of life. Because of the quasi- and nonexperimental nature of most of the evidence found in this review, further studies are necessary to understand the effect of treatment in the context of a variable and progressive disease.

scholarly journals An overview of systematic reviews of complementary and alternative therapies for infantile colic

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Perry ◽  
Verity Leach ◽  
Chris Penfold ◽  
Philippa Davies
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Infantile Colic ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

Abstract Background Infantile colic is a distressing condition characterised by excessive crying in the first few months of life. The aim of this research was to update the synthesis of evidence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) research literature on infantile colic and establish what evidence is currently available. Methods Medline, Embase and AMED (via Ovid), Web of Science and Central via Cochrane library were searched from their inception to September 2018. Google Scholar and OpenGrey were searched for grey literature and PROSPERO for ongoing reviews. Published systematic reviews that included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of infants aged up to 1 year, diagnosed with infantile colic using standard diagnostic criteria, were eligible. Reviews of RCTs that assessed the effectiveness of any individual CAM therapy were included. Three reviewers were involved in data extraction and quality assessment using the AMSTAR-2 scale and risk of bias using the ROBIS tool. Results Sixteen systematic reviews were identified. Probiotics, fennel extract and spinal manipulation show promise to alleviate symptoms of colic, although some concerns remain. Acupuncture and soy are currently not recommended. The majority of the reviews were assessed as having high or unclear risk of bias and low confidence in the findings. Conclusion There is clearly a need for larger and more methodologically sound RCTs to be conducted on the effectiveness of some CAM therapies for IC. Particular focus on probiotics in non-breastfed infants is pertinent. Systematic review registration PROSPERO: CRD42018092966.

scholarly journals Efeitos da expansão rápida de maxila na audição: revisão sistemática da literatura

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudine Devicari Bueno ◽  
Camila Zander Neves ◽  
Pricila Sleifer ◽  
José Renato Prietsch ◽  
Erissandra Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Palatal Expansion Technique ◽  
Palatal Expansion ◽  
Expansion Technique

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar os efeitos provocados pela expansão rápida de maxila na audição. Estratégia de pesquisa Conduziu-se uma busca no mês de janeiro de 2016, usando as palavras-chave “hearing loss”, “hearing”, “rapid maxillary expansion” e “palatal expansion technique” nas bases de dados MEDLINE, SciELO e Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia (BBO). Critérios de seleção Foram selecionados artigos em inglês, português e espanhol, publicados até janeiro de 2016, sem limitação de data inicial, cuja abordagem metodológica referisse os efeitos da expansão rápida de maxila na audição. Resultados A estratégia de busca resultou na seleção de oito artigos, classificados como ensaios clínicos. Os estudos constataram que a expansão rápida de maxila realizada em crianças e/ou adolescentes melhora os limiares de audibilidade e as medidas de imitância acústica. Conclusão A expansão rápida da maxila provocou melhora na audição, apesar da diversidade e das limitações metodológicas dos estudos analisados.

scholarly journals Risk of bias and reporting completeness of randomised controlled trials in burn care: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e033472
Author(s):  
Amber Young ◽  
Barnaby C Reeves ◽  
Hung-Yuan Cheng ◽  
Jason Wasiak ◽  
Duncan Muir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
Care Protocol ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionBurn care represents a healthcare and economic burden to patients internationally. Choice of the most clinically effective treatment strategies requires evidence which is best obtained through high-quality randomised controlled trials (RCT). The number of published RCTs of burn care is increasing. However, trial quality and reporting standards are unclear. This study will assess the risk of bias and adequacy of reporting in recent burn care RCTs using tools endorsed by the Cochrane Collaboration.Methods and analysisA systematic literature review will be undertaken, assessing parallel group RCTs evaluating therapeutic interventions for patients with cutaneous burns. Literature searches will use Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. Separate searches for each database will include medical subject heading and free text terms including ‘burn’, ‘scald’, ‘thermal injury’ and ‘RCT’. Two reviewers will independently assess each study for inclusion. Risk of bias (RoB) will be assessed with the revised tool (RoB 2) and reporting completeness with the CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 guidelines. We will report a narrative synthesis of all studies, including domain specific, and overall risk of bias for the primary outcome of each trial. Inter-rater agreement for RoB 2 will be reported using Fleiss’s Kappa. For adherence to the CONSORT guidelines, we will generate a completeness of reporting index for the five domains.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics approval is required because published documents will be used. Findings of the study will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018111020.

scholarly journals Periodontal side effects of rapid and slow maxillary expansion: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Travassos da Rosa Moreira Bastos ◽  
Marco Nassar Blagitz ◽  
Mônica Lídia Santos de Castro Aragón ◽  
Lucianne Cople Maia ◽  
David Normando
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Pubmed Database

ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify the scientific evidence that demonstrates which of the transverse maxillary treatments has the least effect on periodontal tissues. Materials and Methods: PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey were searched without restrictions. A hand search was also carried out in the reference lists of the articles selected. The related articles tool in the PubMed database was checked for each article included. Risk of bias assessment was performed using Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool for randomized clinical trials and the ROBINS-I tool for nonrandomized studies of interventions. The GRADE tool was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Results: After examination of the full texts, three studies were finally included. Two studies used a Haas expander with different protocols, and one study used a Haas expander compared with a quad-helix appliance. These studies evaluated periodontal parameters and periodontal indices by clinical examination with a millimeter probe, and one study examined computed tomography images. After quality assessment, two studies were considered as having a “low” risk of bias. One study was scored as having a moderate risk of bias. The evidence was graded as moderate quality for alveolar bone level, tooth displacement, and inclination and very low for all other outcomes. Conclusions: There were no significant differences to enable a sound conclusion about which type of maxillary expansion has the least periodontal side effects.

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