scholarly journals Genome-Wide and Abdominal MRI Data Provide Evidence That a Genetically Determined Favorable Adiposity Phenotype Is Characterized by Lower Ectopic Liver Fat and Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Hypertension

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjie Ji ◽  
Andrianos M. Yiorkas ◽  
Francesca Frau ◽  
Dennis Mook-Kanamori ◽  
Harald Staiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Abdominal Mri ◽  
Ectopic Liver ◽  
Genetically Determined

Genome-Wide and Abdominal Imaging Data Characterizes Common Alleles Associated with Higher BMI and Subcutaneous Fat but Less Liver Fat and Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 20-OR
Author(s):  
HANIEH YAGHOOTKAR ◽  
YINGJIE JI ◽  
ANDRIANOS M. YIORKAS ◽  
FRANCESCA FRAU ◽  
DENNIS MOOK-KANAMORI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Abdominal Imaging ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals Behavioral Strategies to Lower Postprandial Glucose in Those with Type 2 Diabetes May Also Lower Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Cox ◽  
Kun Fang ◽  
Anthony L. McCall ◽  
Mark R. Conaway ◽  
Tom A. Banton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Behavioral Strategies

scholarly journals Metabolic profiling of angiopoietin-like protein 3 and 4 inhibition: a drug-target Mendelian randomization analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Wang ◽  
Clare Oliver-Williams ◽  
Olli T Raitakari ◽  
Jorma Viikari ◽  
Terho Lehtimäki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Insulin Metabolism

Abstract Aims  Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) and 4 (ANGPTL4) inhibit lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and represent emerging drug targets to lower circulating triglycerides and reduce cardiovascular risk. To investigate the molecular effects of genetic mimicry of ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 inhibition and compare them to the effects of genetic mimicry of LPL enhancement. Methods and results  Associations of genetic variants in ANGPTL3 (rs11207977-T), ANGPTL4 (rs116843064-A), and LPL (rs115849089-A) with an extensive serum lipid and metabolite profile (208 measures) were characterized in six cohorts of up to 61 240 participants. Genetic associations with anthropometric measures, glucose-insulin metabolism, blood pressure, markers of kidney function, and cardiometabolic endpoints via genome-wide summary data were also explored. ANGPTL4 rs116843064-A and LPL rs115849089-A displayed a strikingly similar pattern of associations across the lipoprotein and lipid measures. However, the corresponding associations with ANGPTL3 rs11207977-T differed, including those for low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein particle concentrations and compositions. All three genotypes associated with lower concentrations of an inflammatory biomarker glycoprotein acetyls and genetic mimicry of ANGPTL3 inhibition and LPL enhancement were also associated with lower C-reactive protein. Genetic mimicry of ANGPTL4 inhibition and LPL enhancement were associated with a lower waist-to-hip ratio, improved insulin-glucose metabolism, and lower risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes, whilst genetic mimicry of ANGPTL3 was associated with improved kidney function. Conclusions  Genetic mimicry of ANGPTL4 inhibition and LPL enhancement have very similar systemic metabolic effects, whereas genetic mimicry of ANGPTL3 inhibition showed differing metabolic effects, suggesting potential involvement of pathways independent of LPL. Genetic mimicry of ANGPTL4 inhibition and LPL enhancement were associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. These findings reinforce evidence that enhancing LPL activity (either directly or via upstream effects) through pharmacological approaches is likely to yield benefits to human health.

scholarly journals Genetic Evidence for a Link Between Favorable Adiposity and Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes, Hypertension, and Heart Disease

Diabetes ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 2448-2460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanieh Yaghootkar ◽  
Luca A. Lotta ◽  
Jessica Tyrrell ◽  
Roelof A.J. Smit ◽  
Sam E. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Genetic Evidence

scholarly journals Genetics Insights in the Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (11) ◽  
pp. 1526-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark O. Goodarzi ◽  
Jerome I. Rotter
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide

Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). The major form of diabetes mellitus is type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), which is thus largely responsible for the CHD association in the general population. Recent years have seen major advances in the genetics of T2D, principally through ever-increasing large-scale genome-wide association studies. This article addresses the question of whether this expanding knowledge of the genomics of T2D provides insight into the etiologic relationship between T2D and CHD. We will investigate this relationship by reviewing the evidence for shared genetic loci between T2D and CHD; by examining the formal testing of this interaction (Mendelian randomization studies assessing whether T2D is causal for CHD); and then turn to the implications of this genetic relationship for therapies for CHD, for therapies for T2D, and for therapies that affect both. In conclusion, the growing knowledge of the genetic relationship between T2D and CHD is beginning to provide the promise for improved prevention and treatment of both disorders.

scholarly journals Psoriatic arthritis is associated with adverse body composition predictive of greater coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes propensity – a cross-sectional study

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn D Ferguson ◽  
Jennifer Linge ◽  
Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard ◽  
Rosemary Woodward ◽  
Pauline Hall Barrientos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease

Abstract Objectives To compare body composition in PsA with metabolic disease free (MDF) controls and type 2 diabetes and assess body-composition predicted propensity for cardiometabolic disease. Methods Detailed MRI body composition profiles of 26 PsA participants from the IMAPA study were compared with 130 age, sex and BMI-matched MDF controls and 454 individuals with type 2 diabetes from UK Biobank. The body-composition predicted propensity for coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes was compared between PsA and matched MDF controls. Results PsA participants had a significantly greater visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume [mean 5.89 l (s.d. 2.10 l)] compared with matched-MDF controls [mean 4.34 l (s.d. 1.83 l)] (P <0.001) and liver fat percentage [median 8.88% (interquartile range 4.42–13.18%)] compared with MDF controls [3.29% (1.98–7.25%)] (P <0.001). These differences remained significant after adjustment for age, sex and BMI. There were no statistically significant differences in VAT, liver fat or muscle fat infiltration (MFI) between PsA and type 2 diabetes. PsA participants had a lower thigh muscle volume than MDF controls and those with type 2 diabetes. Body composition-predicted propensity for CHD and type 2 diabetes was 1.27 and 1.83 times higher, respectively, for PsA compared with matched-MDF controls. Conclusion Individuals with PsA have an adverse body composition phenotype with greater visceral and ectopic liver fat and lower thigh muscle volume than matched MDF controls. Body fat distribution in PsA is more in keeping with the pattern observed in type 2 diabetes and is associated with greater propensity to cardiometabolic disease. These data support the need for greater emphasis on weight loss in PsA management to lessen CHD and type 2 diabetes risk.

The First Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) for Type 2 Diabetes in Youth from the Progress in Diabetes Genetics in Youth (ProDiGY) Collaboration

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1703-P ◽  
Author(s):  
SHYLAJA SRINIVASAN ◽  
JENNIFER TODD ◽  
LING CHEN ◽  
JASMIN DIVERS ◽  
SAM GIDDING ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Diabetes Genetics ◽  
Diabetes In Youth

Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT)—Plasma Liver Function Tests Reflect Change in Liver Fat Content in Early Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1834-P
Author(s):  
SVIATLANA V. ZHYZHNEUSKAYA ◽  
AHMAD AL-MRABEH ◽  
CARL PETERS ◽  
ALISON C. BARNES ◽  
KIEREN G. HOLLINGSWORTH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Diabetes Remission ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Liver Fat Content

2436-PUB: Predicting Risk for New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese People with Coronary Heart Disease and Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2436-PUB
Author(s):  
SHISHI XU ◽  
CHARLES A. SCOTT ◽  
RUTH L. COLEMAN ◽  
JAAKKO TUOMILEHTO ◽  
RURY R. HOLMAN
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Onset Type ◽  
New Onset
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