313-OR: PACAP from the Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus Controls Both Energy Balance and Glucose Homeostasis

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 313-OR
Author(s):  
NADEJDA BOZADJIEVA ◽  
RACHEL A. ROSS ◽  
BRADFORD LOWELL ◽  
JONATHAN N. FLAK
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Hypothalamic Nucleus ◽  
Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus

scholarly journals Oxytocin in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus reduces feeding and acutely increases energy expenditure

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (6) ◽  
pp. R737-R745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. Noble ◽  
Charles J. Billington ◽  
Catherine M. Kotz ◽  
ChuanFeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Taste Aversion ◽  
Conditioned Taste Aversion ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Hypothalamic Nucleus ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus ◽  
Oxytocin Receptors

Central oxytocin reduces food intake and increases energy expenditure. The ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) is associated with energy balance and contains a high density of oxytocin receptors. We hypothesized that oxytocin in the VMN is a negative regulator of energy balance acting to reduce feeding and increase energy expenditure. To test this idea, oxytocin or vehicle was injected directly into the VMN of Sprague-Dawley rats during fasted and nonfasted conditions. Energy expenditure (via indirect calorimetry) and spontaneous physical activity (SPA) were recorded simultaneously. Animals were also exposed to a conditioned taste aversion test, to determine whether oxytocin's effects on food intake were associated with malaise. When food was available during testing, oxytocin-induced elevations in energy expenditure lasted for 1 h, after which overall energy expenditure was reduced. In the absence of food during the testing period, oxytocin similarly increased energy expenditure during the first hour, but differences in 12-h energy expenditure were eliminated, implying that the differences may have been due to the thermic effects of feeding (digestion, absorption, and metabolic processing). Oxytocin acutely elevated SPA and reduced feeding at doses that did not cause a conditioned taste aversion during both the fed and fasted states. Together, these data suggest that oxytocin in the VMN promotes satiety and acutely elevates energy expenditure and SPA and implicates the VMN as a relevant site for the antiobesity effects of oxytocin.

scholarly journals Norepinephrine Regulation of Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus Astrocyte Glycogen Metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 759
Author(s):  
Karen P. Briski ◽  
Mostafa M. H. Ibrahim ◽  
A. S. M. Hasan Mahmood ◽  
Ayed A. Alshamrani
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Glycogen Metabolism ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Hypothalamic Nucleus ◽  
Control Structures ◽  
Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus ◽  
Glycogen Reserve ◽  
Noradrenergic Modulation ◽  
The Brain

The catecholamine norepinephrine (NE) links hindbrain metabolic-sensory neurons with key glucostatic control structures in the brain, including the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN). In the brain, the glycogen reserve is maintained within the astrocyte cell compartment as an alternative energy source to blood-derived glucose. VMN astrocytes are direct targets for metabolic stimulus-driven noradrenergic signaling due to their adrenergic receptor expression (AR). The current review discusses recent affirmative evidence that neuro-metabolic stability in the VMN may be shaped by NE influence on astrocyte glycogen metabolism and glycogen-derived substrate fuel supply. Noradrenergic modulation of estrogen receptor (ER) control of VMN glycogen phosphorylase (GP) isoform expression supports the interaction of catecholamine and estradiol signals in shaping the physiological stimulus-specific control of astrocyte glycogen mobilization. Sex-dimorphic NE control of glycogen synthase and GP brain versus muscle type proteins may be due, in part, to the dissimilar noradrenergic governance of astrocyte AR and ER variant profiles in males versus females. Forthcoming advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanistic framework for catecholamine stimulus integration with other regulatory inputs to VMN astrocytes will undoubtedly reveal useful new molecular targets in each sex for glycogen mediated defense of neuronal metabolic equilibrium during neuro-glucopenia.

Obese female Zucker rats (fa/fa) exhibit dendritic retraction in neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 101919
Author(s):  
Dolores Adriana Bravo Durán ◽  
Selina Jocelyn Barreda Guzmán ◽  
Angélica Trujillo Hernández ◽  
Adriana Berenice Silva Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Hypothalamic Nucleus ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus ◽  
Obese Female

Natriuretic peptide control of energy balance and glucose homeostasis

Biochimie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Coué ◽  
Cedric Moro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document