Hyperhomocysteinemia and Increased Risk of Retinopathy: A cross-sectional, case-control study in patients with type 2 diabetes

Insulin antibody (IA) may potentially affect a patient’s glycemic control due to its variability in both binding and/or releasing insulin. However, the association between IA titer and daily glycemic variability (GV) is still unknown. We thus performed this cross-sectional, retrospective case-control study to assess the relationship between IA titer and mean amplitude glycemic excursion (MAGE) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system. We recruited 100 eligible patients (IA>5%, IA positive) and divided them into two groups—a low (L) group and a high (H) group—based on their IA titer. The control (C) group consisted of 47 patients (IA≤5%, IA negative) matched for age, BMI, gender, and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The CGM determined the GV of enrolled patients. The primary outcome was the relationship between the IA titer and the MAGE, and the secondary outcome was the differences of GV among the three groups. We found that patients in the H group had higher levels of blood glucose fluctuation parameters than those in the L and C groups. The Ln(IA) was positively correlated with Ln(MAGE) even after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, HbA1c, and fasting and postprandial C-peptide(r=0.423, p<0.001). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis revealed that Ln(IA) was an independent factor of Ln(MAGE) (beta=0.405, p<0.001). In conclusion, the higher circulating IA titer was associated with increased MAGE in T2DM patients, indicating that those patients with elevated IA titer should receive GV assessment and individualized treatment.

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Association of the type 2 deiodinase Thr92Ala polymorphism with type 2 diabetes: case–control study and meta-analysis

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-10-0419 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 163 (3) ◽

pp. 427-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

José Miguel Dora ◽

Walter Escouto Machado ◽

Jakeline Rheinheimer ◽

Daisy Crispim ◽

Ana Luiza Maia

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Association Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Genetic Association Studies ◽

Case Control ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Key Enzyme ◽

Control Study

ObjectiveThe type 2 deiodinase (D2) is a key enzyme for intracellular triiodothyronine (T3) generation. A single-nucleotide polymorphism in D2 (Thr92Ala) has been associated with increased insulin resistance in nondiabetic and type 2 diabetes (DM2) subjects. Our aim was to evaluate whether the D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with increased risk for DM2.Design and methodsA case–control study with 1057 DM2 and 516 nondiabetic subjects was performed. All participants underwent genotyping of the D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism. Additionally, systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature for genetic association studies of D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism and DM2 were performed in Medline, Embase, LiLacs, and SciELO, and major meeting databases using the terms ‘rs225014’ odds ratio (OR) ‘thr92ala’ OR ‘T92A’ OR ‘dio2 a/g’.ResultsIn the case–control study, the frequencies of D2 Ala92Ala homozygous were 16.4% (n=173) versus 12.0% (n=62) in DM2 versus controls respectively resulting in an adjusted OR of 1.41 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.03–1.94, P=0.03). The literature search identified three studies that analyzed the association of the D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism with DM2, with the following effect estimates: Mentuccia (OR 1.40 (95% CI 0.78–2.51)), Grarup (OR 1.09 (95% CI 0.92–1.29)), and Maia (OR 1.22 (95% CI 0.78–1.92)). The pooled effect of the four studies resulted in an OR 1.18 (95% CI 1.03–1.36, P=0.02).ConclusionsOur results indicate that in a case–control study, the homozygosity for D2 Thr92Ala polymorphism is associated with increased risk for DM2. These results were confirmed by a meta-analysis including 11 033 individuals, and support a role for intracellular T3 concentration in skeletal muscle on DM2 pathogenesis.

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Two-hour postload glycemia is associated to an increased risk of NAFLD in healthy subjects with family history of type 2 diabetes: a case control study

Endocrine ◽

10.1007/s12020-016-1008-4 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 352-355

Author(s):

Nadia Pallotta ◽

Tiziana Filardi ◽

Anna Carnovale ◽

Luciano Nieddu ◽

Paola Mariani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Family History ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study

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Egg consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case–control study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980012000614 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 1437-1441 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Lina Radzevičienė ◽

Rytas Ostrauskas

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Egg Consumption ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Control Study

AbstractObjectiveType 2 diabetes mellitus appears to involve an interaction between susceptible genetic backgrounds and environmental factors including highly calorific diets. As it is important to identify modifiable risk factors that may help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the aim of the present study was to determine the association between egg consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.DesignA specifically designed questionnaire was used to collect information on possible risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for type 2 diabetes mellitus were calculated by conditional logistic regression.SettingA case–control study in a Lithuanian out-patient clinic was performed in 2001.SubjectsA total of 234 cases with a newly confirmed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 468 controls free of the disease.ResultsVariables such as BMI, family history of diabetes, cigarette smoking, education, morning exercise and plasma TAG level were retained in multivariate logistic regression models as confounders because their inclusion changed the value of the odds ratio by more than 10 % in any exposure category. After adjustment for possible confounders more than twofold increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus was determined for individuals consuming 3–4·9 eggs/week (OR = 2·60; 95 % CI 1·34, 5·08) and threefold increased risk of the disease was determined for individuals consuming ≥5 eggs/week (OR = 3·02; 95 % CI 1·14, 7·98) compared with those eating <1 egg/week.ConclusionsOur data support a possible relationship of egg consumption and increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Low birthweight is associated with an increased risk of LADA and type 2 diabetes: results from a Swedish case–control study

Diabetologia ◽

10.1007/s00125-015-3711-8 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 (11) ◽

pp. 2525-2532 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Rebecka Hjort ◽

Lars Alfredsson ◽

Per-Ola Carlsson ◽

Leif Groop ◽

Mats Martinell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Low Birthweight ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Control Study

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Autoantibodies against PFDN2 are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes: A case-control study

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews ◽

10.1002/dmrr.2922 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. e2922 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Douglas C. Chang ◽

Paolo Piaggi ◽

Robert L. Hanson ◽

William C. Knowler ◽

Clifton Bogardus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Control Study

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Insulin Resistance and Proliferative Retinopathy: A Cross-Sectional, Case-Control Study in 115 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2003-032076 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 89 (9) ◽

pp. 4371-4376 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Aneliya Parvanova ◽

Ilian Iliev ◽

Marco Filipponi ◽

Borislav D. Dimitrov ◽

Monica Vedovato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Proliferative Retinopathy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Control Study

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Diabetic dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus as early as six weeks post-partum: a nested case control study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20212023 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 3116

Author(s):

Meesha Iqbal ◽

Paramjit Gill ◽

Iqbal Azam ◽

Romaina Iqbal

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Post Partum ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Case Control ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Control Study

Women who develop diabetes during pregnancy (Gestational diabetes mellitus-GDM) increase their risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) post-partum by 70%. The average time to develop T2DM varies and is not widely studied. T2DM is associated with increased risk of developing dyslipidemia leading to cardiovascular diseases. We intended to study the association of dyslipidemia and T2DM as early as 6 weeks post-partum. A matched case control study was designed, and conditional logistic regression analysis applied to get adjusted matched odds with 95% confidence intervals. Our study revealed increased serum LDL levels in the cases compared to the controls (p=0.03). However, no association was seen with other lipid parameters.

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