Acute hyperglycemia and spatial working memory in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Objective: <a>To investigate the effect of acute hyperglycemia on brain function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.</a> Research Design and Methods: Twenty participants with type 1 diabetes (T1D) (age 14.64 ±1.78 years) and 20 age-matched healthy controls (age 14.40± 2.82 years) performed two functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions. Participants with T1D performed the first scanning session under euglycemic and the second under hyperglycemic clamp (20 mmol/L (360 mg/dL)). Results: Lower spatial working memory (sWM) capacity during acute hyperglycemia and significant differences in activation of regions of interest during different stages of the spatial working memory task (p=0.014) were observed. Conclusions: Acute hyperglycemia negatively affected sWM capacity in adolescents with T1D, which is relevant for daily functioning and academic performance.

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Acute Hyperglycemia and Spatial Working Memory in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc20-0171 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (8) ◽

pp. 1941-1944 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jasna Šuput Omladič ◽

Anka Slana Ozimič ◽

Andrej Vovk ◽

Dušan Šuput ◽

Grega Repovš ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Spatial Working Memory ◽

Acute Hyperglycemia

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Brain Function Differences in Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Functional MRI Study of Working Memory

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db20-0123 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 (8) ◽

pp. 1770-1778

Author(s):

Lara C. Foland-Ross ◽

Gabby Tong ◽

Nelly Mauras ◽

Allison Cato ◽

Tandy Aye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Functional Mri ◽

Brain Function ◽

Mri Study

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Effects of methylphenidate on cognition and behaviour in children with neurofibromatosis type 1: a study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021800 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. e021800 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Natalie A Pride ◽

Belinda Barton ◽

Paul Hutchins ◽

David R Coghill ◽

Mayuresh S Korgaonkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽

Performance Test ◽

Spatial Working Memory ◽

Memory Task ◽

Neurofibromatosis Type ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Mouse Strains ◽

Adhd Symptoms

IntroductionDopamine dysregulation has been identified as a key modulator of behavioural impairment in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and a potential therapeutic target. Preclinical research demonstrates reduced dopamine in the brains of genetically engineered NF1 mouse strains is associated with reduced spatial-learning and attentional dysfunction. Methylphenidate, a stimulant medication that increases dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission, rescued the behavioural and dopamine abnormalities. Although preliminary clinical trials have demonstrated that methylphenidate is effective in treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children with NF1, its therapeutic effect on cognitive performance is unclear. The primary aim of this clinical trial is to assess the efficacy of methylphenidate for reducing attention deficits, spatial working memory impairments and ADHD symptoms in children with NF1.Methods and analysisA randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of methylphenidate with a two period crossover design. Thirty-six participants with NF1 aged 7–16 years will be randomised to one of two treatment sequences: 6 weeks of methylphenidate followed by 6 weeks of placebo or; 6 weeks of placebo followed by 6 weeks of methylphenidate. Neurocognitive and behavioural outcomes as well as neuroimaging measures will be completed at baseline and repeated at the end of each treatment condition (week 6, week 12). Primary outcome measures are omission errors on the Conners Continuous Performance Test-II (attention), between-search errors on the Spatial Working Memory task from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (spatial working memory) and the Inattentive and Hyperactivity/Impulsivity Symptom Scales on the Conners 3-Parent. Secondary outcomes will examine the effect of methylphenidate on executive functions, attention, visuospatial skills, behaviour, fine-motor skills, language, social skills and quality of life.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has hospital ethics approval and the results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and international conferences.Trial registration numberACTRN12611000765921.

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ERP differences due to Type 1 diabetes in a visuospatial working memory task with different cognitive load demands

International Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.07.258 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 108 ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Geisa B. Gallardo-Moreno ◽

Patricia Duarte-Rosas ◽

Julieta Ramos-Loyo ◽

Esteban Gudayol-Ferré ◽

Fabiola R. Gómez-Velázquez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Cognitive Load ◽

Memory Task ◽

Visuospatial Working Memory

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Facial emotional recognition differences in patients with type-1 diabetes while performing a visuospatial working memory task

International Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.07.348 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 108 ◽

pp. 117

Author(s):

Patricia Duarte-Rosas ◽

Geisa B. Gallardo-Moreno ◽

Maribel Peró-Cebollero ◽

Joan Guardia-Olmos ◽

Andrés A. González-Garrido

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Memory Task ◽

Visuospatial Working Memory ◽

Emotional Recognition

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Acute Hyperglycemia Does Not Impair Microvascular Reactivity and Endothelial Function during Hyperinsulinemic Isoglycemic and Hyperglycemic Clamp in Type 1 Diabetic Patients

Experimental Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2012/851487 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Eva Horová ◽

Jiří Mazoch ◽

Jiřina HiIgertová ◽

Jan Kvasnička ◽

Jan Škrha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Acute Hyperglycemia ◽

Microvascular Reactivity ◽

Hyperglycemic Clamp ◽

Type 1 Diabetic Patients ◽

Clamp Study ◽

Lipid Parameters

Aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acute glycemia increase on microvasculature and endothelium in Type 1 diabetes during hyperinsulinemic clamp.Patients and Methods. Sixteen patients (51±7 yrs) without complications were examined during iso- and hyperglycemic clamp (glucose increase 5.5 mmol⋅L−1). Insulin, lipid parameters, cell adhesion molecules and fibrinogen were analyzed. Microvascular reactivity (MVR) was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry.Results. Maximum perfusion and the velocity of perfusion increase during PORH were higher in hyperglycemia compared to baseline (47±16versus40±16 PU,P<0.01, and10.4±16.5versus2.6±1.5 PU⋅s−1,P<0.05, resp.). Time to the maximum perfusion during TH was shorter and velocity of perfusion increase during TH higher at hyperglycemia compared to isoglycemic phase (69±15versus77±16 s,P<0.05, and1.4±0.8versus1.2±0.7 PU⋅s−1,P<0.05, resp.). An inverse relationship was found between insulinemia and the time to maximum perfusion during PORH (r=−0.70,P=0.007).Conclusion. Acute glycemia did not impair microvascular reactivity in this clamp study in Type 1 diabetic patients. Our results suggest that insulin may play a significant role in the regulation of microvascular perfusion in patients with Type 1 diabetes through its vasodilation effect and can counteract the effect of acute glucose fluctuations.

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A Decade of Disparities in Diabetes Technology Use and HbA1c in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Trans-Atlantic Comparison

10.2337/figshare.12808301 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ananta Addala ◽

Marie Auzanneau ◽

Kellee Miller ◽

Werner Maier ◽

Nicole Foster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Technology Use ◽

Hemoglobin A1c ◽

Diabetes Technology ◽

Design And Methods ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes

Objective: As diabetes technology use in youth increases worldwide, inequalities in access may exacerbate disparities in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). We hypothesized an increasing gap in diabetes technology use by socioeconomic status (SES) would be associated with increased HbA1c disparities. Research Design and Methods: Participants aged <18 years with diabetes duration ≥1 year in the Type 1 Diabetes Exchange (T1DX, US, n=16,457) and Diabetes Prospective Follow-up (DPV, Germany, n=39,836) registries were categorized into lowest (Q1) to highest (Q5) SES quintiles. Multiple regression analyses compared the relationship of SES quintiles with diabetes technology use and HbA1c from 2010-2012 and 2016-2018. Results: HbA1c was higher in participants with lower SES (in 2010-2012 & 2016-2018, respectively: 8.0% & 7.8% in Q1 and 7.6% & 7.5% in Q5 for DPV; and 9.0% & 9.3% in Q1 and 7.8% & 8.0% in Q5 for T1DX). For DPV, the association between SES and HbA1c did not change between the two time periods, whereas for T1DX, disparities in HbA1c by SES increased significantly (p<0.001). After adjusting for technology use, results for DPV did not change whereas the increase in T1DX was no longer significant. Conclusions: Although causal conclusions cannot be drawn, diabetes technology use is lowest and HbA1c is highest in those of the lowest SES quintile in the T1DX and this difference for HbA1c broadened in the last decade. Associations of SES with technology use and HbA1c were weaker in the DPV registry.

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Increased stress, weight gain and less exercise in relation to glycemic control in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic

BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care ◽

10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-002035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. e002035

Author(s):

Merel M Ruissen ◽

Hannah Regeer ◽

Cyril P Landstra ◽

Marielle Schroijen ◽

Ingrid Jazet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Medical Center ◽

Short Term ◽

Design And Methods

IntroductionLockdown measures have a profound effect on many aspects of daily life relevant for diabetes self-management. We assessed whether lockdown measures, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, differentially affect perceived stress, body weight, exercise and related this to glycemic control in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsWe performed a short-term observational cohort study at the Leiden University Medical Center. People with type 1 and type 2 diabetes ≥18 years were eligible to participate. Participants filled out online questionnaires, sent in blood for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) analysis and shared data of their flash or continuous glucose sensors. HbA1c during the lockdown was compared with the last known HbA1c before the lockdown.ResultsIn total, 435 people were included (type 1 diabetes n=280, type 2 diabetes n=155). An increase in perceived stress and anxiety, weight gain and less exercise was observed in both groups. There was improvement in glycemic control in the group with the highest HbA1c tertile (type 1 diabetes: −0.39% (−4.3 mmol/mol) (p<0.0001 and type 2 diabetes: −0.62% (−6.8 mmol/mol) (p=0.0036). Perceived stress was associated with difficulty with glycemic control (p<0.0001).ConclusionsAn increase in perceived stress and anxiety, weight gain and less exercise but no deterioration of glycemic control occurs in both people with relatively well-controlled type 1 and type 2 diabetes during short-term lockdown measures. As perceived stress showed to be associated with glycemic control, this provides opportunities for healthcare professionals to put more emphasis on psychological aspects during diabetes care consultations.

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Brain hemodynamic response in Examiner–Examinee dyads during spatial short-term memory task: an fNIRS study

Experimental Brain Research ◽

10.1007/s00221-021-06073-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Francesco Panico ◽

Stefania De Marco ◽

Laura Sagliano ◽

Francesca D’Olimpio ◽

Dario Grossi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Cognitive Processes ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Spatial Working Memory ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Memory Task ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

The Real

AbstractThe Corsi Block-Tapping test (CBT) is a measure of spatial working memory (WM) in clinical practice, requiring an examinee to reproduce sequences of cubes tapped by an examiner. CBT implies complementary behaviors in the examiners and the examinees, as they have to attend a precise turn taking. Previous studies demonstrated that the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) is activated during CBT, but scarce evidence is available on the neural correlates of CBT in the real setting. We assessed PFC activity in dyads of examiner–examinee participants while completing the real version of CBT, during conditions of increasing and exceeding workload. This procedure allowed to investigate whether brain activity in the dyads is coordinated. Results in the examinees showed that PFC activity was higher when the workload approached or reached participants’ spatial WM span, and lower during workload conditions that were largely below or above their span. Interestingly, findings in the examiners paralleled the ones in the examinees, as examiners’ brain activity increased and decreased in a similar way as the examinees’ one. In the examiners, higher left-hemisphere activity was observed suggesting the likely activation of non-spatial WM processes. Data support a bell-shaped relationship between cognitive load and brain activity, and provide original insights on the cognitive processes activated in the examiner during CBT.

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