Dose-Dependent Associations of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Fiber With 3-Year Weight Loss Maintenance and Glycemic Status in a High-Risk Population: A Secondary Analysis of the Diabetes Prevention Study PREVIEW

<a>OBJECTIVE</a> To <a></a><a>examine longitudinal and dose-dependent associations of dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and fiber with body weight and glycemic status during 3-year weight-loss maintenance (WLM)</a> in high-risk adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This secondary analysis used pooled data from the PREVIEW randomized controlled trial, which was designed to test the effects of four diet and physical activity interventions. 1,279 participants with overweight or obesity (aged 25–70 years; BMI≥25 kg·m-2) and pre-diabetes at baseline were included. <a>Multi-adjusted linear mixed models </a><a>with repeated measurements</a> were used to assess longitudinal and dose-dependent associations, by merging the participants into one group and dividing them into <a></a><a>GI, GL, and fiber </a>tertiles, respectively. RESULTS In the available-case and complete-case analyses, each 10-unit increment in GI was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.46 kg·year-1; 95% CI 0.23, 0.68; P<0.001) and increase in HbA1c. Each 20-unit increment in GL was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.49 kg·year-1; 0.24, 0.75; P<0.001) and increase in HbA1c. The associations of GI and GL with HbA1c were independent of weight change. Compared with those in the lowest tertiles, participants in the highest GI and GL tertiles had significantly higher weight regain and increases in HbA1c. Fiber was inversely associated with increases in waist circumference, but the associations with weight regain and glycemic status did not remain robust in different analyses. CONCLUSIONS Dietary GI and GL were positively associated with weight regain and deteriorating glycemic status. Stronger evidence on the role of fiber is needed.

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Dose-Dependent Associations of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Fiber With 3-Year Weight Loss Maintenance and Glycemic Status in a High-Risk Population: A Secondary Analysis of the Diabetes Prevention Study PREVIEW

10.2337/figshare.14364191 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ruixin Zhu ◽

Thomas M. Larsen ◽

Mikael Fogelholm ◽

Sally D. Poppitt ◽

Pia S. Vestentoft ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

High Risk ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Weight Regain ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Glycemic Status ◽

Regain Of Weight ◽

Dietary Glycemic Index ◽

Dose Dependent

<a>OBJECTIVE</a> To <a></a><a>examine longitudinal and dose-dependent associations of dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and fiber with body weight and glycemic status during 3-year weight-loss maintenance (WLM)</a> in high-risk adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This secondary analysis used pooled data from the PREVIEW randomized controlled trial, which was designed to test the effects of four diet and physical activity interventions. 1,279 participants with overweight or obesity (aged 25–70 years; BMI≥25 kg·m-2) and pre-diabetes at baseline were included. <a>Multi-adjusted linear mixed models </a><a>with repeated measurements</a> were used to assess longitudinal and dose-dependent associations, by merging the participants into one group and dividing them into <a></a><a>GI, GL, and fiber </a>tertiles, respectively. RESULTS In the available-case and complete-case analyses, each 10-unit increment in GI was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.46 kg·year-1; 95% CI 0.23, 0.68; P<0.001) and increase in HbA1c. Each 20-unit increment in GL was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.49 kg·year-1; 0.24, 0.75; P<0.001) and increase in HbA1c. The associations of GI and GL with HbA1c were independent of weight change. Compared with those in the lowest tertiles, participants in the highest GI and GL tertiles had significantly higher weight regain and increases in HbA1c. Fiber was inversely associated with increases in waist circumference, but the associations with weight regain and glycemic status did not remain robust in different analyses. CONCLUSIONS Dietary GI and GL were positively associated with weight regain and deteriorating glycemic status. Stronger evidence on the role of fiber is needed.

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Dose-Dependent Associations of Dietary Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Fiber With 3-Year Weight Loss Maintenance and Glycemic Status in a High-Risk Population: A Secondary Analysis of the Diabetes Prevention Study PREVIEW

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc20-3092 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. dc203092

Author(s):

Ruixin Zhu ◽

Thomas M. Larsen ◽

Mikael Fogelholm ◽

Sally D. Poppitt ◽

Pia S. Vestentoft ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

High Risk ◽

Diabetes Prevention ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

High Risk Population ◽

Prevention Study ◽

Glycemic Status ◽

Dietary Glycemic Index ◽

Dose Dependent

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Relevance of dietary glycemic index, glycemic load and fiber intake before and during pregnancy for the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and maternal glucose homeostasis

Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.clnu.2021.03.041 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 2791-2799

Author(s):

Xiao Zhang ◽

Yunhui Gong ◽

Karen Della Corte ◽

Dianke Yu ◽

Hongmei Xue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glucose Homeostasis ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Dietary Glycemic Index ◽

Maternal Glucose

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Dietary glycemic index, but not glycemic load, is positively associated with serum homocysteine concentration in free-living young Japanese women

Nutrition Research ◽

10.1016/j.nutres.2013.09.004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 25-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kentaro Murakami ◽

Satoshi Sasaki ◽

Kazuhiro Uenishi

Keyword(s):

Glycemic Index ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Japanese Women ◽

Free Living ◽

Homocysteine Concentration ◽

Serum Homocysteine ◽

Young Japanese Women ◽

Dietary Glycemic Index

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Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, insulin index, insulin load and risk of diabetes-related cancers: A systematic review of cohort studies

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN ◽

10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.02.008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 22-31

Author(s):

Motahare Hatami Marbini ◽

Fatemehsadat Amiri ◽

Zohreh Sajadi Hezaveh

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Dietary Glycemic Index

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Associations between Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Values and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13010116 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 116

Author(s):

Minjuan Li ◽

Zhixin Cui ◽

Shuangli Meng ◽

Ting Li ◽

Tong Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Dietary Glycemic Index ◽

Apparently Healthy

Studies investigating the associations between dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) values and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) among Chinese populations are strikingly limited. To assess the associations between dietary GI and GL values and CMRF, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperuricemia in Chinese adults, we extracted data of 7886 apparently healthy adults from the 2009 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Dietary GI and GL values were calculated using data collected from three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. Fasting lipid, glucose, and uric acid concentrations were measured and CMRF were defined on the basis of established criteria. There were no significant associations between dietary GI values and CMRF, and analyzing the data by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and region did not alter these results. Dietary GL values were positively associated with prevalence of hyperuricemia in all participants (Q4 compared with Q1: odds ratio (OR) = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.87; p-trend = 0.0030) and prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in participants ≥ 60 years old (Q5 compared with Q1: OR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.68; p-trend < 0.0010). Higher dietary GL but not GI values were associated with increased prevalence of hyperuricemia in apparently healthy Chinese adults and hypercholesterolemia in older Chinese adults. Further studies are required to confirm the public health implication of these findings.

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