Potassium Iodide Reversal of Silver Diamine Fluoride Staining: A Case Report

SUMMARYThis article describes the clinical protocol of using potassium iodide (KI) to reverse staining caused by silver diamine fluoride (SDF). SDF contains silver, fluoride, and ammonia. It has been used to arrest dental caries mainly in pediatric applications. The major drawback of SDF application is the dark staining of both teeth and restorative materials. Hence, its use on adult dentition is limited. Improving the esthetic outcome by stain reduction would greatly enhance the opportunity for SDF's universal use. This case demonstrates how KI can effectively reverse the staining.

Download Full-text

Silver diamine fluoride: a preventive tool in Pediatric Dentistry

Clinical Dentistry ◽

10.33882/clinicaldent.13.24451 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 12-16

Author(s):

Aisha Ibrahim ◽

Sham Bhat ◽

Vidya Bhat ◽

Sundeep Hegde

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Medical Model ◽

Pediatric Dentistry ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽

Silver Fluoride

Dental caries, following a brief decline in the 20th century, has become rampant again in recent times. This has led to decline in overall health and a poor quality of life. To overcome this, researchers have introduced the medical model for management of the dental caries which views it as a disease rather than a lesion. This concept relies on the use of medicaments rather than on surgical treatment alone. Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) is one such medicament which has greatly revolutionized the management of this vicious disease especially in children. This review briefly outlines the history, mechanism of action, its indications, contraindications and application of SDF. Key words: caries, prevention, silver, fluoride

Download Full-text

The effect of the combined use of silver diamine fluoride and potassium iodide in disrupting the plaque biofilm microbiome and alleviating tooth discoloration: A systematic review

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0252734 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0252734

Author(s):

Anahita Haiat ◽

Hien Chi Ngo ◽

Lakshman Perera Samaranayake ◽

Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Potassium Iodide ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽

Minimally Invasive Dentistry ◽

Tooth Discoloration

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is used in minimally invasive dentistry for arresting dental caries. However, discoloration of teeth is a significant side effect that has limited the use of SDF. Hence, the application of potassium iodide (KI) following SDF has been proposed to ameliorate the staining. Although antimicrobial activity is one of the major mechanisms of the caries-arresting effect of SDF, the antimicrobial potency of SDF/KI combination is unclear. Thus, the primary objective of this systematic review was to appraise the studies on the antimicrobial efficacy of SDF/KI combination on cariogenic microbes. The secondary objective was to summarize the evidence on the potential of KI in reducing the discoloration associated with the application of SDF. Electronic databases of Medline via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EBSCO host were searched for English language manuscripts from January 2005 to 15th November 2020. The reference lists of these manuscripts were manually searched for additional studies. Twelve studies were included in the final analysis, seven of which have investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of SDF/KI, and the rest have examined the anti-staining potential of KI. The exploratory findings from the reviewed articles revealed the promising antimicrobial potential of SDF/KI on cariogenic microbes associated with dentine caries. There is, however, contradictory evidence on the effect of SDF/KI on tooth color. The reviewed in-vitro studies indicated significant effectiveness of KI in preventing staining. A clinical trial on primary dentition showed 25% reduction in the incidence of staining by SDF after applying KI, while a clinical study on root caries in adults showed no significant effect. Within the methodological limitations of this review, we conclude that for arresting dental caries, SDF could be combined with KI, as there may be a lower likelihood of staining. Further, well-designed clinical trials on the antimicrobial and anti-staining effect of SDF/KI are needed to obtain more robust evidence.

Download Full-text

Awareness Regarding the use of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Dentistry- A Survey

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.3485 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽

pp. 1617-1625

Author(s):

Sharwini Baskar ◽

Lakshmi T ◽

Preetha S

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Online Survey ◽

Dental Anxiety ◽

High Concentration ◽

Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽

Topical Medication ◽

Spss Software ◽

Dietary Sugars ◽

Study Setting ◽

Silver Fluoride

Dental caries is a complex progression due to dietary sugars, bacterial metabolism involving demineralization, and organic degradation. Caries are more prevalent among young children which are mostly untreated due to dental anxiety, behavioural changes, and mainly due to expensive treatment. So innovative approaches are needed to treat caries, especially in children. Arresting caries without restoration is possible by silver diamine fluoride (SDF) which is inexpensive topical medication. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is used to treat caries and also prevents future caries development. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is also used to treat sensitivity. Before silver diamine fluoride (SDF) silver nitrate and silver varnish were used to treat dental caries. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) consists of silver, fluoride, ammonia, and water. Silver acts as an antimicrobial agent, fluoride as remineralization, and ammonia stabilizes high concentration. The study setting was an online survey. The number of participants involved was 129. A pre-tested questionnaire was circulated. The data was collected and analyzed using SPSS software. 41.9% of the population participated have heard of silver diamine fluoride (SDF), but 34% of the population are not aware of what it is used to treat. 37.2% of the population is also not aware of the method of application. From the studies, the participants are not aware of silver diamine fluoride (SDF), its uses, and its effectiveness. Oral education should be conducted to create awareness among people.

Download Full-text

Silver Diamine Fluoride – A “Silver-fluoride Bullet” for Dental Caries

RGUHS Journal of Dental Sciences ◽

10.26715/rjds.13_4_11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 279-282

Author(s):

Pallavi Goel ◽

Vikram R ◽

Adarsha M S ◽

Sudhanva M E

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Early Stage ◽

Age Groups ◽

Point Of View ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽

Health Measures ◽

Carious Lesions ◽

Silver Fluoride

Dental caries is one of the most prevalent diseases across the globe, affecting all age groups. Various public health measures like water fluoridation have been started to control the spread of caries, especially among children. But these intervention methods are inaccessible to people in some parts of the world. Thus, a product called Silver Diamine Fluoride was introduced, which can help arrest carious lesions at an early stage. It is a beneficial aid for caries arrest in both primary and permanent teeth. Also, can be used for arresting root caries. Thus, the objective of this review article is to discuss about silver diamine fluoride and its diverse uses from both clinician and public health point of view.

Download Full-text

Arresting rampant dental caries with silver diamine fluoride in a young teenager suffering from chronic oral graft versus host disease post-bone marrow transplantation: a case report

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/1756-0500-7-3 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Chun-Hung Chu ◽

Angeline Hui Cheng Lee ◽

Liwu Zheng ◽

May Lei Mei ◽

Godfrey Chi-Fung Chan

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Case Report ◽

Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Graft Versus Host Disease ◽

Marrow Transplantation ◽

Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽

Host Disease ◽

Graft Versus Host

Download Full-text

Optimal concentration of potassium iodide to reduce the black staining of silver diamine fluoride

Journal of Dental Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jds.2021.03.014 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Palinee Detsomboonrat ◽

Panatsaya Thongmak ◽

Phattaramon Lertpayab ◽

Watsharapol Aiemsri ◽

Sireerat Sooampon

Keyword(s):

Potassium Iodide ◽

Optimal Concentration ◽

Silver Diamine Fluoride

Download Full-text

Silver diamine fluoride for managing carious lesions: A literature review

Archives of Dental Research ◽

10.18231/j.adr.2021.020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 118-122

Author(s):

Dishika Iswar ◽

Arun Kumar Sajjanar ◽

Milind Wasnik ◽

Niharika Gawod ◽

Partima Kolekar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Dental Health ◽

Low Cost ◽

Invasive Procedure ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽

The Us ◽

Socioeconomical Status ◽

Silver Compounds

Though the prevalence and the severity of dental caries is decreased in past few years, still children from low socioeconomical status in many industrialized or developing countries are still suffering from ill-effects of dental caries. The antimicrobial effect of silver compounds has been proven by the 100-year-old application of silver compounds. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been used to arrest dental caries during 1970s in Japan, but it was not exposed much to other parts of the world. Today in many countries a 38% (44,800 ppm fluoride) SDF solution is commonly used to arrest caries and also to reduce hypersensitivity in primary and permanent teeth. Application of SDF to arrest dental caries is non-invasive procedure and is quick and simple to use. Reports of available studies showed that there is no severe pulpal damage after SDF application. However, it has some drawbacks like black discoloration of the carious teeth and an unpleasant metallic taste. But, low cost of SDF and its simplicity in application suggest that it is an appropriate agent for use in community dental health programme. Thus, SDF appears to meet the criteria of both the WHO Millennium Goals and the US Institute of Medicine’s criteria for 21st century medical care, that is, it is a safe, effective, efficient, and equitable caries preventive agent.

Download Full-text