scholarly journals Science at the Heart of Psychotherapy: A Review of Three Evidence-Based Treatments

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Victoria Brady ◽  
Victoria Taylor ◽  
Simon Rego
Keyword(s):  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
Cost Efficient

Changes in the U.S. healthcare system over the past fewdecades have led to a transformation of the mental healthfield. The demand for accountability and the need for effective,cost-efficient treatments have spurred the movementtoward evidence-based practices. Today, a number of empiricallybased psychotherapies exist that have proven efficaciousin the treatment of a wide range of physical and psychologicaldisorders. Despite the strong evidence base for these treatments,their dissemination and implementation have beenslow. The intention of the present article is to summarize themajor characteristics of three types of psychotherapy (cognitivebehavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy,and dialectical behavior therapy) that have received muchempirical support and have demonstrated applicability to awide range of both mental and medical problems. For eachtreatment, some background information is provided, alongwith the theoretical underpinnings of the treatment, a summaryof the current state of the evidence, and limitations andcriticisms in the literature.

Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Base ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Collaborative Partnerships ◽  
Social Service Agencies ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Health Related Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research ◽  
Policies And Programs

Fifteen to twenty years is how long it takes for the billions of dollars of health-related research to translate into evidence-based policies and programs suitable for public use. Over the past 15 years, an exciting science has emerged that seeks to narrow the gap between the discovery of new knowledge and its application in public health, mental health, and health care settings. Dissemination and implementation (D&I) research seeks to understand how to best apply scientific advances in the real world, by focusing on pushing the evidence-based knowledge base out into routine use. To help propel this crucial field forward, leading D&I scholars and researchers have collaborated to put together this volume to address a number of key issues, including: how to evaluate the evidence base on effective interventions; which strategies will produce the greatest impact; how to design an appropriate study; and how to track a set of essential outcomes. D&I studies must also take into account the barriers to uptake of evidence-based interventions in the communities where people live their lives and the social service agencies, hospitals, and clinics where they receive care. The challenges of moving research to practice and policy are universal, and future progress calls for collaborative partnerships and cross-country research. The fundamental tenet of D&I research—taking what we know about improving health and putting it into practice—must be the highest priority. This book is nothing less than a roadmap that will have broad appeal to researchers and practitioners across many disciplines.

Personality Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Sharp ◽  
Jared D. Michonski
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Literature Base ◽  
Vantage Points ◽  
Robust Evidence

The current chapter considers personality disorder in adolescents. In keeping with the evidence-based approach taken in this volume, the focus is on adolescent borderline personality disorder (BPD), as BPD currently has the most robust evidence base in terms of assessment and treatment in adolescents. While understudied relative to other disorders of childhood and adolescents, the current chapter summarizes the nascent, but rapidly growing, literature base for the definition, prevalence, assessment, and intervention of BPD in adolescents. Assessment and intervention are considered from the vantage points of both the leading treatment approaches to BPD, namely, dialectical behavior therapy and mentalization-based treatment. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the next frontier for BPD research in adolescents.

Handbook of Evidence-Based Mental Health Practice with Sexual and Gender Minorities

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Mental Health Practice ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
And Gender

The Handbook of Evidence-Based Mental Health Practice with Sexual and Gender Minorities represents the first compendium of evidence-based approaches to sexual and gender minority (SGM)-affirmative mental health practice. In the past several years, clinical researchers have begun developing and adapting evidence-based mental health treatment approaches to be affirmative of SGM individuals’ unique mental health. Because these approaches draw on research documenting unique psychosocial processes underlying SGM individuals’ mental health as well as adapt existing evidence-based treatments to impact these processes, these treatments can be considered evidence-based. Because these approaches promote effective coping with stigma-related stress and are often developed with feedback from SGM community members, these treatments can also be considered SGM-affirmative. This handbook compiles these approaches, including evidence-based treatments for specific populations within the SGM community (e.g., youth, transgender individuals, same-sex couples, parents, and bisexuals), for specific mental health problems (e.g., anxiety, depression, substance abuse, trauma, eating disorders, sexual health), and using novel modalities (e.g., group therapy; acceptance-based, dialectical behavior therapy; attachment-based, transdiagnostic therapy). Each chapter includes conceptual background and practical guidance so that mental health practitioners, researchers, educators, and students can both understand how to implement each of these approaches and develop future tests of their efficacy and the efficacy of other SGM-affirmative approaches.

Psychodynamic and Supportive Psychotherapy

Depression ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 298-317
Author(s):  
David J. Hellerstein ◽  
Alexander Kane
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Supportive Psychotherapy ◽  
Interpersonal Therapy ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments

Patients with mood disorders often can benefit from psychotherapy, whether as a primary treatment for depression or as an adjunct to medications or other biological treatments. Today, therapeutic approaches such as cognitive–behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy are commonly thought of as first-line evidence-based treatments of depression, yet there is also evidence that psychodynamic psychotherapy (PDT) and supportive psychotherapy (SPT) can be effective treatments of depression. Both PDT and SPT are commonly used in clinical practice, by a wide range of clinicians and in many different settings. This chapter describes the theoretical background of each of these therapies, therapeutic techniques, how they can be adapted for treatment of depression, and patient populations for which they may be indicated.

Evidence-based Training

2018 ◽  
pp. 964-980
Author(s):  
Anthony P. DuBose ◽  
Yevgeny Botanov ◽  
Maria V. Navarro-Haro ◽  
Marsha M. Linehan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
Primary Means

Evidence-based training is a key component in the dissemination and implementation of evidence-based treatments. Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is a well-established evidence-based treatment for suicidal behaviours and emotion dysregulation. However, after publication of the first DBT clinical trial and treatment text, few routes were available to meet the demand for training outside of the treatment development laboratory. Additionally, due to inconsistent standards and regulations for professional training in evidence-based treatments, few mental health professionals had the opportunity to receive training in DBT. To meet the training needs and maintain fidelity to a resource-intensive evidence-based treatment, a novel model of training was developed. Consequentially, an intensive model of training remains the primary means by which practising professionals are trained in standard DBT. This chapter reviews the development and structure of intensive training in DBT and the evidence for the training model’s effectiveness.

scholarly journals VEIKSMINGI PSICHOLOGINĖS PAGALBOS BŪDAI PSICHOTRAUMATOLOGIJOJE

Psichologija ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 102-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kazlauskas
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments

Straipsnyje analizuojamas psichologinės pagalbos būdų suaugusiems asmenims psichotraumatolo­gijoje veiksmingumas. Įsigilinus į 1998–2012 m. paskelbtas metaanalizes, sistemines apžvalgas, geros praktikos vadovus, daromos išvados, kad daugelis tyrimų patvirtina trumpalaikės į traumą orientuotos kognityviosios elgesio terapijos bei nujautrinimo akių judesiais ir perdirbimo (EMDR) terapijos veiksmin­gumą potrauminio streso sutrikimų turintiems asmenims. Tyrimų rezultatai rodo, kad asmenims iš kar­to po trauminio įvykio nerekomenduojama taikyti formalias psichosocialinės intervencijos procedūras, kaip antai psichologinis susirinkimas (angl. debriefing). Yra mokslinių įrodymų, kad trumpalaikė eklekti­nė terapija (BEPP), internetu teikiamos pagalbos ar virtualios realybės taikymo metodai gali veiksmingai padėti asmenims, kurie turi potrauminio streso sutrikimą. Straipsnyje aptariamos tyrimais paremtų psi­chologinės pagalbos metodų diegimo psichotraumatologijos praktikoje problemos. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: psichologinė trauma, potrauminio streso sutrikimas, pagalbos veiksmingumas.   EFFECTIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENTS IN PSYCHOTRAUMATOLOGYEvaldas Kazlauskas SummaryThe present article gives an overview of the psycho­logical treatments of psychological trauma. The article is oriented towards practitioners who want to update their knowledge of the recent developments in psychotraumatology. The research findings, based on meta-analyses and good practice guidelines, are presented and the issues related to the implementation of evidence-based treatments are discussed.The study has shown that the critical stress incident debriefing developed by J. T. Mitchell in 1983 (or psychological debriefing) is not recommended imme­diately after trauma. Metaanalysis (Rose et al., 2003; van Emmeric et al., 2002) revealed no positive long-term effects of debriefing immediately after trauma, with indications of negative outcomes in some studies. Practical guidelines of the International Society of Traumatic Stress Studies, as well as other guidelines do not recommend debriefing as a regular procedure for all survivors. Practical, social or legal assistance provided in an empathic way is recommended during the first month after the trauma. Meta-analytical studies published since 1998 concerning the effectiveness of posttraumatic stress disorder treatments demonstrated the efficacy of trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapies (TF-CBT) and eye movement reprocessing and desen­sitization therapy (EMDR). Evidence from studies on the effects of a brief eclectic psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (BEPP), developed by B. Gersons, internet-based treatments, and virtual reality are promising, and these treatments in the future are possible effective alternatives for TF-CBT and EMDR in evidence-based practice. Psychological treatments should be the first option for the treatment of PTSD, with medication used only when the appro­priate psychological treatments are unavailable or the client prefers medication over psychosocial treatment. While a number of RCT studies have shown the efficacy of TF-CBT and EMDR treatment for PTSD, there is still a gap between research and everyday clinical practice. From the practitioner’s point of view, transfer of manual-based methods from RCT efficacy studies to daily practice is not easy. Clinicians are facing complicated cases, and comorbid disorders are widely prevalent with PTSD. We must also be aware that with the new treatments developed, training of these methods and particularly the availability of sys­tematic supervisions are not always easily accessible; this slows down the dissemination and implementation of evidence-based treatments. Clinicians have to take their own responsibility for selecting what is best for a particular client; however, practitioners also need to make decisions based on what science shows to be the most effective treatment.Key words: psychological trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, effectiveness of treatment.   o:OfficeDocumentSettings> Veiksmingi psichologinės pagalbos būdai psichotraumatologijoje 

scholarly journals Provider Resistance to Evidence-Based Practice in Schools: Why It Happens and How to Plan for It in Evaluations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lissette M. Saavedra ◽  
Antonio A. Morgan-Lopez ◽  
Anna C. Yaros ◽  
Alex Buben ◽  
James V. Trudeau
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Health Service Provision ◽  
Early Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
Mental Health Service Provision

Evidence-based practice is often encouraged in most service delivery settings, yet a substantial body of research indicates that service providers often show resistance or limited adherence to such practices. Resistance to the uptake of evidence-based treatments and programs is well-documented in several fields, including nursing, dentistry, counseling, and other mental health services. This research brief discusses the reasons behind provider resistance, with a contextual focus on mental health service provision in school settings. Recommendations are to attend to resistance in the preplanning proposal stage, during early implementation training stages, and in cases in which insufficient adherence or low fidelity related to resistance leads to implementation failure. Directions for future research include not only attending to resistance but also moving toward client-centered approaches grounded in the evidence base.

Spit guards, ethical policing and the need for an evidence-based approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Joyce ◽  
Wendy Laverick
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Uk

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the use of spit guards by police forces in the UK and to make recommendations regarding an evidence-based approach to decisions related to the use of such equipment. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based upon an examination of a range of primary source material, secondary sources and grey literature. Findings Although the use of spit guards can be justified by factors that include the need to protect police officers from contracting serious infectious diseases, there are a number of problems that concern ethical policing and human rights. Concerns arise when spit guards are deployed against vulnerable individuals, are used offensively rather than defensively and when such equipment is deployed disproportionately against persons from Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) communities. Additionally, the image of the police may suffer if spit guards are accompanied by the use of excessive force which may be perceived as an abuse of police power. Practical implications The paper makes recommendations that a comprehensive evidence base is required to assist practitioners to make informed decisions regarding the deployment of spit guards. This evidence base should include the extent to which officers are spat at, medical evidence relating to spitting and the transmission of serious diseases, the views of the public concerning the deployment of spit guards and estimations as to whether such equipment will deter spitting by suspects of crime. Originality/value This paper provides an original academic contribution to the ongoing debate on the use of spit guards within policing. In particular, it brings together a wide range of material that relates to this topic and presents it as a coherent set of arguments located in a single source.

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