scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF THE BLUE ECONOMICS IN RUSSIA AND IN THE AZOV-BLACK SEA REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
M.L. Kolesnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Blue Economy ◽  
Blue Growth ◽  
The Russian Federation

The emergence of the concept of sustainable development was caused by the need to solve global problems, some of which pose real threats to the existence of mankind. Conceptually, the “blue economy” is a promising direction for the development of cooperation between states and regional organizations of the Azov-Black Sea region, as well as the European Union. The practical application of tools for its implementation in the EU predetermines the need for additional study and evaluation of this experience. Marine spatial planning is one of the main instruments for realizing the “blue economy” and “blue growth”. The article examines aspects of its development in the Russian Federation, including the Azov-Black Sea region. In general, the use of marine spatial planning, together with the introduction and dissemination of data collection and continuous monitoring systems, leads to the formation of a new format for marine resource management. To create an equitable system of distribution, use, conservation and restoration of resources and spaces of the Black and Azov Seas, it is necessary to involve all stakeholders and maintain a balance of their interests. The specificity of the Azov-Black Sea region is expressed primarily in the presence of a number of unique physical and geographical factors. It predetermines the need for additional assessment of specific economic, environmental, logistic and other conditions of the region in order to prepare rational decisions with the participation of stakeholders. To make informed decisions, it is advisable for the Russian Federation to expand the scope of its participation in scientific research and discussions on this topic, including in the development of international documents regulating this type of activity

scholarly journals Improvement of Maritime Management as a Key Aspect of Sustainable Development and Blue Growth in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1212
Author(s):  
Nikolay Plink ◽  
Vera Semeoshenkova ◽  
Tatyana Eremina ◽  
Alexandra Ershova ◽  
Ivan Mushket
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Integral Approach ◽  
Integral Model ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Blue Growth ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Baltic

The conservation and sustainable use of oceans, seas and marine resources has been declared by the United Nations as one of 17 priority Sustainable Development Goals. At present, most of the maritime states are striving to improve the efficiency of their use of marine resources, including sea space. In particular, the European Union is implementing a number of projects related to the implementation of marine spatial planning (MSP) tools. The Baltic Sea is considered as a pilot region, where a pan-Baltic coordinated MSP plan has been developed to provide for sustainable development and blue growth in the marine and coastal economy. The Russian Federation is one of the Baltic countries, but the MSP procedure at the state level does not have institutional and regulatory support, which requires the elimination of gaps and additional development of the maritime management system. The laws of the organization and development of the general theory of management are used in this study. An Integrated Management Model for sustainable marine and coastal use is proposed as a tool for ensuring blue growth, including four interrelated elements (specific management functions), namely “Integrated Coastal Zone Management”, “Marine Spatial Planning”, “Management of Marine Macroregion” and “Ocean Governance”. Their functional content and interaction mechanisms are discussed in order to implement an integral approach to marine use. The vertical structure of the proposed integral model includes three levels corresponding to the federal and regional levels of government and the level of municipal self-governance. The use of the integral model should help accelerate the process of introducing and using MSP instruments in the process of strategic planning in the socio-economic development of the Russian coastal territories.

Integrated Coastal Zone Management and Marine Spatial Planning for Hydrocarbon Activities in the Black Sea

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilufer Oral
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Coastal Zone Management ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Integrated Coastal Zone Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Zone Management

AbstractMarine spatial planning (MSP) is increasingly being used as an important tool for Integrated Coastal Zone Management in marine areas. Many coastal states, as well as the European Union, have incorporated MSP into their legal system. The increase in hydrocarbon activities in the Black Sea has put additional pressures on a sea already considered to be environmentally at risk. The current regional legal framework for the Black Sea remains inadequate to meet the pressures of increased transport and exploitation of hydrocarbon resources. This paper will examine MSP in general and its application in the Black Sea.

RUSSIAN ANTI-ACCESS POTENTIAL (A2 / AD) ON THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA

2020 ◽  
Vol XIV ◽  
pp. 0-1
Author(s):  
Patryk Reśkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The purpose of the following article is to present the military capabilities of the Russian Federation located on the Crimean peninsula, and to define in this context Russian A2/AD anti-access capabilities and their impact on the security architecture of the Black Sea region, in particular NATO's south-eastern flank

scholarly journals TURKEY AND RUSSIA AS MAJOR PLAYERS IN THE BLACK SEA: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Nuri Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Turkey

Currently, the Republic of Turkey plays a vital role in international processes taking place on the world stage. Since ancient times, at the crossroads of the paths between the world of East and West, the Republic of Turkey claims to have an excellent position in the relations of these regions with each other, as well as in their internal processes and events. The universal location between Europe and Asia makes Turkish foreign policy one of its main political issues, especially in the field of regional cooperation. Moreover, the changes in the world of recent decades, such as the collapse of the USSR, revolutions and military operations in eastern countries, the transition of Crimea to Russia, lead to the fact that Turkey pursued its foreign policy thoughtfully and actively, taking the most advantageous positions for itself. An essential region for pursuing Turkish policy is the Black Sea region. The events of recent years have significantly affected him and the role that large states play in him, such as the Republic of Turkey and the Russian Federation. It also began to arouse great interest among states and regions of the Western world, such as the European Union. The changed geopolitical structure of the Black Sea region has led to the need for its members to determine their positions and areas of interaction in which they are ready to cooperate or, on the contrary, to oppose each other. In this article, the author will examine the relations of the Turkish Republic and the Russian Federation in the Black Sea region and its importance. In this study, political relations, security, economy, energy, and security will be discussed. In the conclusion of the study, the current state of Turkey-Russia relations and assessments will be made about its future.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION BASED ON THE PARTNERSHIP AND COOPERATION AGREEMENT: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3(65)) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
Наталья Михайловна МУХАМЕТГАРЕЕВА ◽  
Зиля Анасовна ЮСУПОВА
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environmental Cooperation ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Partnership Agreement ◽  
International Instruments

In today’s world, there are many global problems, among which one of the most fundamental is the environmental problem. The solution of this issue is impossible without the joint efforts of the neighbor States. Therefore, cooperation between the Russian Federation and the European Union, that share a common border, is promising. The partnership between Russia and the European Union in the sphere of ecology is supported by the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement. Purpose: to define the main directions for the evolution of the partnership between Russia and the European Union in the field of environmental protection applying on the Cooperation and Partnership Agreement. Methods: the authors made an analysis of international instruments in the sphere of ecological safety, with interpretation and detailed review of normative legal acts. Results: there is a great number of opportunities for increasing environmental cooperation between the Russian Federation and the European Union. The authors believe that such increasing should also be built on treaties in the sphere of environmental protection, in the development of the ecological enactments of the Cooperation and Partnership Agreement that regulate the intercourse of States in question. The completion of such a treaty is very significant not only for the under question countries but for the whole continent.

scholarly journals KHARKIV AGREEMENTS OF 2010: VISIONS OF POLITICAL, MEDIA AND EXPERT CIRCLES IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 194-213
Author(s):  
Pavlo ARTYMYSHYN
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Political Media ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The main visions of the political, media, and expert circles in Ukraine concerning the conclusion of the Kharkiv Agreements in 2010 – the pact between Ukraine and the Russian Federation on the stay of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation Navy on the territory of Ukraine are determined. It is alleged that circles close to the President of Ukraine, Viktor Yanukovych, saw them as a sign of the beginning of an era of intense Ukrainian-Russian relations, including the issue of cheaper gas, which would help to overcome the crisis in the economy and provide a lower price for gas for both industrial and household consumers. Instead, the agreements in the opposition were seen as a betrayal of Ukrainian national interests, the creation in the Black Sea region of a destabilizing center in the form of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy, and the beginning of Ukraine’s integration into the Russian geopolitical space. At the same time, the Ukrainian side was unable to persuade the Russian to sign new gas agreements to revise the price of «blue fuel» in essence, rather than through a discount system. Opposition criticism was also not effective under these circumstances: although the topic of prolongation of the Russian Navy’s Black Sea Fleet base in Sevastopol became one of the tenets of their anti-government rhetoric, however, the unification of the opposition had not yet grown into an institutionalized movement, acquiring such features only on the eve of the parliamentary elections in 2012. Instead, the Russian side took full advantage of the Ukrainian concessions of 2010. It is the preservation of the Black Sea Fleet on the Crimean Peninsula that allowed the Russians to prepare the ground for its annexation and for the nourishment of the Russian chauvinist ideology about Sevastopol as a «Russian city». Keywords: Kharkiv Agreements of 2010, politicum, mass media, expert environment, visions, the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation Navy, gas, Ukraine, Russian Federation.

ON THE NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYGIENIC STANDARDS (MACs) IN THE WATER AND AIR OF THE WORKING AREA FOR PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Kh. Kh. Khamidulina ◽  
E. V. Tarasova ◽  
A. S. Proskurina ◽  
A. R. Egiazaryan ◽  
I. V. Zamkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Perfluorooctanoic Acid ◽  
Stockholm Convention ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
The Russian Federation

Currently, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has no hygienic standards in the air of the working area and objects of the human environment in the Russian Federation. By the decision of the Stockholm Convention SC-9/12, PFOA, its salts and derivatives are included in Part I of Annex A of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in 2019 (with exceptions for possible use). The Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade included PFOA, its salts and derivatives in the list of potential candidates for inclusion in Annex III of the Rotterdam Convention at the next meeting COP10 in 2021. The use of this chemical on the territory of the Russian Federation entails water and air pollution. Industrial emissions and waste water from fluoropolymer production, thermal use of materials and products containing polytetrafluoroethylene, biological and atmospheric degradation of fluorotelomer alcohols, waste water from treatment facilities are the sources of the release of PFOA into the environment. Analysis of international databases has showed that PFOA is standardized in the air of the working area in Germany, Japan, and Switzerland. In the countries of the European Union, as well as the USA and Canada, the issue of PFOA standardizing in drinking water is being now actively under discuss. Taking into account the high toxicity and hazard of the substance and the serious concern of the civil society of the Russian Federation, the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing requested the Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances to develop MACs for perfluorooctanoic acid in the air of the working area and water as soon as possible. The MACs for PFOA have been proposed using risk analysis: 0,005 mg/m3, aerosol, hazard class 1 – in the air of the working area and 0,0002 mg/L, the limiting hazard indicator – sanitary-toxicological, hazard class 1 – in the water.

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