scholarly journals Data Linkage of Hashed Data: Derive and Conquer

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josie Plachta ◽  
Charlie Tomlin ◽  
Rachel Shipsey
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Distance Metrics ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Computing Systems ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Match Rate ◽  
Linkage Quality ◽  
The Uk

IntroductionData Linkage of hashed datasets is much more difficult than linking in-the-clear data. Hashing prevents the use of matching tools that overcome messy data such as ‘contained-within’ functions and edit distance metrics. Hashing sensitive data received from third parties is becoming more common due to increased Data Security concerns. Institutions need to be ready to link hashed data with high accuracy, otherwise the quality of outputs from these linked datasets will suffer. Objectives and ApproachWe designed an innovative matching method, Derive and Conquer (D&C). We derived variables containing substrings or patterns of the full variable (e.g. Soundex or first 4 characters of a string) to match on instead. However, using lots of combinations of these derived variables would require thousands of traditional match keys to be programmed, run, and reviewed. Instead, D&C runs matchkeys on a derived agreement variable which amalgamates information stored in multiple derived variables into one value, reducing the number of matchkeys to a manageable amount. D&C runs on distributing computing systems using PySpark to link datasets containing millions of records in a timely manner. ResultsD&C was developed using in-the-clear UK Census and health records with results comparable to the in-the-clear gold standard. It is currently being tested on hashed data to link UK tax and benefits data to UK health records. 66.4 million records were declared matched - a realistic match rate for the UK population. Research into the linkage quality is ongoing to produce estimates on the amount of bias in the linkage and the precision and recall. We will be excited to present these results at the Conference in October. These results will be used to improve D&C. Conclusion / ImplicationsUsing these derived variables, we have been able to overcome the challenge of matching massive hashed datasets with a realistic match rate and in a realistic time frame.

Bioethics In Neurospinal Patient Care

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andi Asadul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Hippocratic Oath ◽  
Moral Vision ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Harvey Cushing ◽  
Sharp Focus ◽  
Realistic Approach ◽  
Cord Injury

Neurosurgery is among the newest of surgical disciplines, appearing in its modern incarnation at the dawn of twentieth century with the work of Harvey Cushing and contemporaries. Neurosurgical ethics involves challenges of manipulating anatomical locus of human identity and concerns of surgeons and patients who find themselves bound together in that venture.In recent years, neurosurgery ethics has taken on greater relevance as changes in society and technology have brought novel questions into sharp focus. Change of expanded armamentarium of techniques for interfacing with the human brain and spine— demand that we use philosophical reasoning to assess merits of technical innovations.Bioethics can be defined as systematic study of moral challenges in medicine, including moral vision, decisions, conduct, and policies related to medicine. Every surgeon should still take the Hippocratic Oath seriously and consider it a basic guide to follow good medical ethics in medical practice. It is simple and embodies three of the four modern bioethics principles – Respecting autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition often affecting young and healthy individuals around the world. Currently, scientists are pressured on many fronts to develop an all-encompassing “cure” for paralysis. While scientific understanding of central nervous system (CNS) regeneration has advanced greatly in the past years, there are still many unknowns with regard to inducing successful regeneration. A more realistic approach is required if we are interested in improving the quality of life of a large proportion of the paralyzed population in a more expedient time frame.

REORGANIZATION OF A MULTI-SPECIALTY HOSPITAL IN AN UNFAVORABLE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Nikitin A.E. ◽  
Znamenskiy I.А ◽  
Shikhova Yu.A. ◽  
Kuzmina I.V. ◽  
Melchenko D.S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Institu Tions ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

This study provides a retrospective analysis of work to ensure high quality of medical care in an unfavorable epidemic situation. The consequence of COVID-19 was the implementation of a program to prevent the spread of infection, the re-profiling of medical institu-tions, and the introduction of restrictive and anti-epidemic measures. The experience of our work has shown the effectiveness of changing the order of med-ical care, the organization of the functioning of de-partments and patient routing. The study reflects the measures implemented in the hospital departments, the Department of clinical and laboratory diagnostics, radiation diagnostics and pathology Department. To ensure the safety of patients, it was decided to place patients on a single bed according to the type of infec-tious boxes. The safety of employees was ensured by the use of personal protective equipment, minimiza-tion of contact time with patients, and preventive weekly examination of staff for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The organized and well-coordinated work of the en-tire staff of the institution made it possible to prevent the spread of COVID-19 among employees, to detect cases of infection in a timely manner, and to carry out appropriate isolation and monitoring measures. At the time of completion of infectious diseases departments, the mortality rate among patients was less than 9%. Our experience in reorganizing a multi-specialty facil-ity can be used in the future when working with pa-tients who have undergone COVID-19, as well as in the context of a worsening epidemic situation.

Impact of Organizational Culture and Teacher Performance on Quality of Learning Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-110
Author(s):  
Buyung Syukron ◽  
Andi Thahir ◽  
Tin Amalia Fitri ◽  
Asep Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teacher Performance ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Quality Learning ◽  
The City ◽  
Determining Factor

The learning process in madrasas (Islamic-based elementary schools) is seen as being able to contribute to instilling values and norms in students following Islamic teachings. The issue of organizational culture and teacher performance also becomes a determining factor in creating a quality learning process. In this research, the aim is to determine: 1) the effect of organizational culture on the quality of the learn-ing process; 2) the effect of teacher performance on the quality of the learning process; and 3) the influ-ence of organizational culture on teacher performance. Respondents in this study were all class teachers from three madrasas as a sample representing all public madrasas in the city of Bandar Lampung, Indo-nesia. The results obtained indicate that the variables of organizational culture and the quality of the learning process have an influence, with R squared of 0.67 or 67%, which is classified as moderate. This shows that madrassas have implemented predetermined work culture values, namely: a) integrity, the harmony between correct thoughts, words, and deeds; b) professionalism, working in a disciplined, competent, and timely manner with the best results; c) innovation, perfecting existing and creating new and improved techniques and ideas; d) responsibility, working thoroughly and with thought for the con-sequences; and e) being exemplary, setting a good example for others.

scholarly journals Widespread gaps in the quality of care for primary biliary cholangitis in UK

2021 ◽  
pp. flgastro-2020-101713
Author(s):  
Mathuri Sivakumar ◽  
Akash Gandhi ◽  
Eathar Shakweh ◽  
Yu Meng Li ◽  
Niloufar Safinia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
The Uk

ObjectivePrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a progressive, autoimmune, cholestatic liver disease affecting approximately 15 000 individuals in the UK. Updated guidelines for the management of PBC were published by The European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) in 2017. We report on the first national, pilot audit that assesses the quality of care and adherence to guidelines.DesignData were collected from 11 National Health Service hospitals in England, Wales and Scotland between 2017 and 2020. Data on patient demographics, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) dosing and key guideline recommendations were captured from medical records. Results from each hospital were evaluated for target achievement and underwent χ2 analysis for variation in performance between trusts.Results790 patients’ medical records were reviewed. The data demonstrated that the majority of hospitals did not meet all of the recommended EASL standards. Standards with the lowest likelihood of being met were identified as optimal UDCA dosing, assessment of bone density and assessment of clinical symptoms (pruritus and fatigue). Significant variations in meeting these three standards were observed across UK, in addition to assessment of biochemical response to UDCA (all p<0.0001) and assessment of transplant eligibility in high-risk patients (p=0.0297).ConclusionOur findings identify a broad-based deficiency in ‘real-world’ PBC care, suggesting the need for an intervention to improve guideline adherence, ultimately improving patient outcomes. We developed the PBC Review tool and recommend its incorporation into clinical practice. As the first audit of its kind, it will be used to inform a future wide-scale reaudit.

scholarly journals Strategies for the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with congenital heart disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Liew ◽  
Zoya Rashid ◽  
Robert Tulloh
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Standard Management ◽  
Advanced Therapies ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is commonly seen in adults who have congenital heart disease (CHD). Therapy is available for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and has greatly benefitted many patients with PAH related to CHD (PAH-CHD) over the last 15 years, with evidence of improved quality of life and prognosis in those with Eisenmenger syndrome and repaired PAH-CHD. In this review, we describe the standard management and advanced therapies for PAH, which are available in specialist PH centres around the UK and Ireland, and how these are used in PAH-CHD. Decisions around the choice of therapy are governed by commissioning and available evidence. Conclusion We explain the different pathways for action and the variety of medications now at our disposal to help this important group of patients.

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