scholarly journals Fatal Gunshot Wounds in Young Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Prahlow
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Child ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Gunshot Wound ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
The United States ◽  
Innocent Bystander ◽  
Accidental Discharge ◽  
Ready Access

Deaths related to firearms are common within the United States. Although relatively rare compared to other age groups, deaths occurring in young children represent a particularly tragic subcategory of firearms-related fatalities. This manuscript provides details regarding several cases of gunshot wound deaths occurring in young children. Included are a variety of situations and scenarios: the child was an innocent bystander struck by gunfire that was intended for another individual; unsafe firearm handling and manipulation by another individual, resulting in the child being shot; unsafe storage of a loaded firearm with resultant accidental discharge of the weapon; a young child having ready access to a loaded handgun and subsequently shooting him/herself; and the child being considered a potential intended target and being shot by another individual. The details of each case are provided, and discussion will focus on realistic strategies that, if implemented, might prevent such deaths from occurring in the future.

Population-Based Analysis of Firearm Injuries among Young Children in the United States, 2010–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Cook ◽  
David Hosmer ◽  
Laurent Glance ◽  
Bindu Kalesan ◽  
Jordan Weinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Firearm Injuries ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Firearm violence in the United States knows no age limit. This study compares the survival of children younger than five years to children and adolescents of age 5–19 years who presented to an ED for gunshot wounds (GSWs) in the United States to test the hypothesis of higher GSW mortality in very young children. A study of GSW patients aged 19 years and younger who survived to reach medical care was performed using the Nationwide ED Sample for 2010–2015. Hospital survival and incidence of fatal and nonfatal GSWs in the United States were the study outcomes. A multilevel logistic regression model estimated the strength of association among predictors of hospital mortality. The incidence of ED presentation for GSW is as high as 19 per 100,000 population per year. Children younger than five years were 2.7 times as likely to die compared with older children (15.3% vs 5.6%). Children younger than one year had the highest hospital mortality, 33.1 per cent. The mortality from GSW is highest among the youngest children compared with older children. This information may help policy makers and the public better understand the impact of gun violence on the youngest and most vulnerable Americans.

Why Harmonize the Guidelines for Infant and Young Child Feeding: Book Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
George Kent
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Child ◽  
Young Children ◽  
The United States ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Young Child Feeding ◽  
Infant And Young Child ◽  
Infants And Young Children

A recent book from the United States’ National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine was prepared “to collect, compare, and summarize existing recommendations on what and how to feed infants and young children from birth to 24 months of age” This review explores what its purpose might be.  

scholarly journals Incidence of Benign Meningiomas in the United States: Current and Future Trends

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Bhala ◽  
Douglas R Stewart ◽  
Victoria Kennerley ◽  
Valentina I Petkov ◽  
Philip S Rosenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Benign Meningioma ◽  
Case Count ◽  
Future Burden ◽  
Rate Ratios

Abstract Background Benign meningiomas are the most frequently reported central nervous system tumors in the United States (US), with increasing incidence in past decades. However, the future trajectory of this neoplasm remains unclear. Methods We analyzed benign meningioma incidence of cases identified by any means (eg, radiographically with or without microscopic confirmation) in US Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) cancer registries among 35–84-year-olds during 2004–2017 by sex and race/ethnicity using age-period-cohort (APC) models. We employed APC forecasting models to glean insights regarding the etiology, distribution, and anticipated future (2018–2027) public health impact of this neoplasm. Results In all groups, meningioma incidence overall increased through 2010, then stabilized. Temporal declines were statistically significant overall and in most groups. JoinPoint analysis of cohort rate-ratios identified substantial acceleration in White men born after 1963 (from 1.1% to 3.2% per birth year); cohort rate-ratios were stable or increasing in all groups and all birth cohorts. We forecast that meningioma incidence through 2027 will remain stable or decrease among 55–84-year-olds but remain similar to current levels among 35–54-year-olds. Total meningioma burden in 2027 is expected to be approximately 30,470 cases, similar to the expected case count of 27,830 in 2018. Conclusions Between 2004–2017, overall incidence of benign meningioma increased and then stabilized or declined. For 2018–2027, our forecast is incidence will remain generally stable in younger age groups but decrease in older age groups. Nonetheless, the total future burden will remain similar to current levels because the population is aging.

scholarly journals Reconceptualizing civic education for young children: Recognizing embodied civic action

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Katherina A. Payne ◽  
Jennifer Keys Adair ◽  
Kiyomi Sanchez Suzuki Colegrove ◽  
Sunmin Lee ◽  
Anna Falkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Head Start ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Civic Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Civic Action ◽  
Civic Skills ◽  
Early Childhood Settings

Traditional conceptions of civic education for young children in the United States tend to focus on student acquisition of patriotic knowledge, that is, identifying flags and leaders, and practicing basic civic skills like voting as decision-making. The Civic Action and Young Children study sought to look beyond this narrow vision of civic education by observing, documenting, and contextualizing how young children acted on behalf of and with other people in their everyday early childhood settings. In the following paper, we offer examples from three Head Start classrooms to demonstrate multiple ways that young children act civically in everyday ways. When classrooms and teachers afford young children more agency, children’s civic capabilities expand, and they are able to act on behalf of and with their community. Rather than teaching children about democracy and citizenship, we argue for an embodied, lived experience for young children.

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