scholarly journals GEODYNAMICS

GEODYNAMICS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1(30)2021 (1(30)) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Rahman Piriyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geoelectric Field ◽  
Numerous Data ◽  
Em Field ◽  
Time Parameters ◽  
Active Zones ◽  
Interest In Research ◽  
Original Approach ◽  
Positive Results

Interest in research on the detection of earthquake (EQ) precursors is growing year by year. In this direction, the paper analysed the results of earlier studies, as well as positive results of some studies conducted in the last 5 years. In particular, during the study of EQs, ultra-low frequency (ULF) precursors attract special attention. The study compared the results of electromagnetic (EM) monitoring studies conducted in the ULF range in earlier years and the results of EM monitoring studies conducted in the last 5 years have been compared. The positive results of the researchers investigating the changes in the EM field before the EQ in the ULF range were reviewed. Thus, ULF anomalies from relatively weak (with 4<Mw<5) and shallow (with a depth of less than 50 km) EQs were repeatedly observed in 2017 in Indonesia. Before strong EQs, ULF promising EQ precursors were revealed. High ULF amplitude anomalies were recorded before the 2011 Tohoku megaEQ. Anomalous changes of the Earth's induction vector were identified in 6 observatories in Japan. Similar anomalies were also recorded in the ULF range (0.001-0.083 Hz) by the Teoloyucan (Mexico) and Tucson (the United States) geomagnetic observatories from August 1 to September 16, 2017, before the Chiapas EQ in Mexico with a magnitude 8.1. On the whole, the research discovered several dozen EM precursors of EQs with different amplitude, spectral and time parameters. The study was based on the analysis of numerous data for the periods 1976-2010 and 2007-2016 conducted by various researchers. In addition, an original approach is proposed. It consists in the study of geoelectric field changes (ULF precursors of EQs) as they are more sensitive. Processing and interpreting these changes can lead to precise detection of EQ precursors. Thus, this makes it possible to identify geodynamic active zones in which an EQ may occur.

Detection by real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC), ELISA, and IHC of chronic wasting disease prion in lymph nodes from Pennsylvania white-tailed deer with specific PRNP genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110214
Author(s):  
Deepanker Tewari ◽  
David Steward ◽  
Melinda Fasnacht ◽  
Julia Livengood
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Chronic Wasting Disease ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathy ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prion-mediated, transmissible disease of cervids, including deer ( Odocoileus spp.), which is characterized by spongiform encephalopathy and death of the prion-infected animals. Official surveillance in the United States using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ELISA entails the laborious collection of lymphoid and/or brainstem tissue after death. New, highly sensitive prion detection methods, such as real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC), have shown promise in detecting abnormal prions from both antemortem and postmortem specimens. We compared RT-QuIC with ELISA and IHC for CWD detection utilizing deer retropharyngeal lymph node (RLN) tissues in a diagnostic laboratory setting. The RLNs were collected postmortem from hunter-harvested animals. RT-QuIC showed 100% sensitivity and specificity for 50 deer RLN (35 positive by both IHC and ELISA, 15 negative) included in our study. All deer were also genotyped for PRNP polymorphism. Most deer were homozygous at codons 95, 96, 116, and 226 (QQ/GG/AA/QQ genotype, with frequency 0.86), which are the codons implicated in disease susceptibility. Heterozygosity was noticed in Pennsylvania deer, albeit at a very low frequency, for codons 95GS (0.06) and 96QH (0.08), but deer with these genotypes were still found to be CWD prion-infected.

The Estado da India and the Estado do Brasil. Opportunities for Research in Portuguese Overseas History

Itinerario ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-129
Author(s):  
A.J.R. Russell-Wood
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Political History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
American Historical Association ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
Interest In Research

In this year marking the sexcentenary of the birth of Prince Henry, known erroneously to the English speaking world as ‘the Navigator’, and the 450th anniversary of the Portuguese arrival in Japan, it is fitting to take stock of what has been achieved and what remains concerning research on Portuguese overseas history. In November 1969 a conference was held at the Newberry Library in Chicago to ‘stimulate in the United States scholarly interest in research on Brazil's colonial past’. In November 1978 an International Seminar on Indo-Portuguese History was held in Goa occasioned by ‘an awareness of a relative stagnation in the field of Indo-Portuguese historical studies, especially in India’. This was prompted by the feeling of a dearth of new interpretations, shortage of studies in English, and neglect of political history, biography and social and economic history. Whereas the tone of the Newberry Library meeting was upbeat as to what junior scholars were achieving, and Charles Boxer pointed with pride to scholarly accomplishments since 1950, by 1984 a lecture to mark the occasion of the centennial of the American Historical Association noted grounds for concern regarding studies in the United States on colonial Brazil and this situation has deteriorated further during the decades of the 80s and early 90s. By way of contrast, in 1981 Charles Boxer noted the vitality of the Estado da India in its broadest geographical meaning as a subject for historical research by Portuguese and how ‘after years — I might even say centuries – of neglect by foreigners, the history of the old Estado da India has lately come into its own in the wider world’. This was seconded by M.N. Pearson who noted that ‘Goan historiography seems to be on the verge of a renaissance’.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of ImmunoCAP® ISAC 112: a multi-site study

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne van Hage ◽  
Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier ◽  
Chrysanthi Skevaki ◽  
Mario Plebani ◽  
Walter Canonica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Site Analysis ◽  
Calibration Sample ◽  
Clustering And Classification ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Background: After the re-introduction of ImmunoCAP Methods: The study was carried out at 22 European and one South African site. Microarrays from different batches, eight specific IgE (sIgE) positive, three sIgE negative serum samples and a calibration sample were sent to participating laboratories where assays were performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Results: For both the negative and positive samples results were consistent between sites, with a very low frequency of false positive results (0.014%). A similar pattern of results for each of the samples was observed across the 23 sites. Homogeneity analysis of all measurements for each sample were well clustered, indicating good reproducibility; unsupervised hierarchical clustering and classification via random forests, showed clustering of identical samples independent of the assay site. Analysis of raw continuous data confirmed the good accuracy across the study sites; averaged standardized, site-specific ISU-E values fell close to the center of the distribution of measurements from all sites. After outlier filtering, variability across the whole study was estimated at 25.5%, with values of 22%, 27.1% and 22.4% for the ‘Low’, ‘Moderate to High’ and ‘Very High’ concentration categories, respectively. Conclusions: The study shows a robust performance of the ImmunoCAP

scholarly journals Diversity of and Selection Acting on CylindrospermopsincyrBGene Adenylation Domain Sequences in Florida

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 2502-2507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mete Yilmaz ◽  
Edward J. Phlips
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii ◽  
Adenylation Domain ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Neutrality Tests ◽  
The One

ABSTRACTAphanizomenon ovalisporumis the only confirmed cylindrospermopsin producer identified in the United States to date. On the other hand,Cylindrospermopsis raciborskiiis a prominent feature of many lakes in Florida and other regions of the United States. To see the variation in cylindrospermopsincyrBgene adenylation domain sequences and possibly discover new cylindrospermopsin producers, we collected water samples for a 3-year period from 17 different systems in Florida. Positive amplicons were cloned and sequenced, revealing that approximately 92% of sequences wereA. ovalisporum-like (>99% identity). Interestingly, 6% of sequences were very similar (>99% identity) tocyrBsequences ofC. raciborskiifrom Australia and ofAphanizomenonsp. from Germany. Neutrality tests suggest thatA. ovalisporum-likecyrBadenylation domain sequences are under purifying selection, with abundant low-frequency polymorphisms within the population. On the other hand, when compared between species by codon-based methods, amino acids of CyrB also seem to be under purifying selection, in accordance with the one proposed amino acid thought to be activated by the CyrB adenylation domain.

scholarly journals A comparison of ten USEPA approved total coliform/E. coli tests

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Olstadt ◽  
James Jay Schauer ◽  
Jon Standridge ◽  
Sharon Kluender
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
False Positive ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Test System ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Positive Results

Since 2002, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has approved ten enzyme-based total coliform and E. coli detection tests for examination of drinking water. These tests include: Colilert®, Colilert-18®, Colisure®, m-Coli Blue 24®, Readycult® Coliforms 100, Chromocult®, Coliscan®, E*Colite®, Colitag™ and MI Agar. The utility of the enzyme based test systems is based on both the ability of the test to detect the target organisms at low levels and the ability of the test system to suppress the growth of non-target organisms that might result in false positive results. Differences in the ability of some of these methods to detect total coliform and E. coli, as well as suppress Aeromonas spp., a common cause of “false positive” results, have been observed. As a result, this study was undertaken to elucidate the strengths and weaknesses of each method. Water samples were collected from three geographically and chemically diverse groundwaters in Wisconsin. One-hundred milliliter aliquots were individually spiked with both low concentrations (one to ten organisms) and high concentrations (fifty to one-hundred) of each of five different total coliform organisms (Serratia, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, E. coli, & Klebsiella). These spiked samples were used to test the capability of ten enzyme-based test systems to both detect and enumerate the spiked organisms. In addition, 100 ml samples were independently spiked with two different strains of Aeromonas spp. at six different levels, to assess the ability of each enzyme-based test to suppress Aeromonas spp. Analysis of the data indicated that wide variability exists among USEPA approved tests to detect and quantify total coliforms, as well as suppress Aeromonas spp.

scholarly journals Comparison of detection methods for Salmonella enterica shedding among reptilian patients at a veterinary teaching hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Anna C. Fagre ◽  
Kristy L. Pabilonia ◽  
Matthew S. Johnston ◽  
Paul S. Morley ◽  
Brandy A. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Disagreement ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Positive Results

In the United States, ~1.4 million sporadic human Salmonella enterica infections occur annually, with an estimated 6% attributable to reptile exposure. Detection of Salmonella in reptiles can be challenging given the limitations among detection methods. We evaluated sampling and detection methods for S. enterica in a cross-sectional study of reptilian patients ( n = 45) over the course of 13 mo. Two sampling methods (cloacal swabs, electrostatic cloth body-feet samples) and 3 detection methods (enriched culture, lateral flow immunoassay [LFI], real-time PCR) were compared using McNemar and Fisher exact tests. Results varied by species, sample type, and detection method. In total, 14 of 45 (33%) patients were positive by culture, 10 of 45 (22%), and/or 13 of 45 (29%) by rtPCR. Among rtPCR-positive results, cloacal swabs (12 of 45 [27%]) resulted in a higher detection than body-feet wipes (4 of 45 [9%]; p = 0.01). Among culture-positive results, shedding was most commonly detected after additional incubation at room temperature when testing cloacal swabs (9 of 45 [20%]). However, there was significant disagreement between sampling methods (cloacal vs. body-feet; p = 0.03). No samples were positive by LFI. In general, cloacal swabs yielded the highest test-positive rates, irrespective of testing method. Our study highlights the importance of using detection methods optimized for the sample being tested.

A Cautionary Tale of Etanercept Use in Patients With Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janie Faris ◽  
Jordan Wilson ◽  
Heather S Dolman ◽  
Andrew Isaacson ◽  
Alfred E Baylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Cautionary Tale ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Severe Cutaneous Reaction ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Abstract Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a severe cutaneous reaction that can be life-threatening. In the United States, there are no established guidelines for the treatment of TEN. Supportive care including fluids and supportive therapies are the current recommendations. Research surrounding TEN involves mostly case studies or small, uncontrolled studies. Recent literature describes the use of tumor necrosis factor blockers in the treatment of TEN with positive results. These case reports describe decreased time to reepithelization, hospital length of stay, and minimal side effects. Conversely, we present three fatalities after the administration of etanercept.

scholarly journals Metastatic Pleomorphic Sarcoma to Left Atrium

Rare Tumors ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar H. Hawasli ◽  
Rachael Cayce ◽  
Trung Luong ◽  
Evelyn Taiwo ◽  
Michael N. Feliciano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Pleomorphic Sarcoma

Although several thousand patients are diagnosed with sarcoma annually in the United States, metastases to the heart are very uncommon. In this case report, an overall low frequency cancer presents masquerading with common cardiac symptomology. This case illustrates the importance for detailed diagnostic cardiac evaluations and heightened suspicion by physicians to consider metastatic disease to the heart in cancer patients with cardiovascular complications. Also discussed is a review of surgical and chemotherapeutic options for this problem.

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