Tests of Priority

2018 ◽  
pp. 102-157
Author(s):  
David A. Bateman ◽  
Ira Katznelson ◽  
John S. Lapinski
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
The South ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Interstate Commerce ◽  
Issue Area ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Legislative Institutions

This chapter examines how southern members of Congress balanced and selected among their contending priorities, how they sought to change legislative institutions to achieve their goals, and how their choices and actions shaped national policy in enduring ways. It examines southern lawmaking across three broad issues: revenue, economic regulation, and spending. In each issue area, the South hoped to achieve changes that would make policy more equitable across the country's regions. Each confronted the South with a set of unpalatable choices, options that the region's representatives ultimately were unable to reconcile. The chapter first looks at the politics of revenue, an issue on which southern Democrats had to make common cause with often unreliable northern allies. Then, it turns to market regulation and finance, particularly efforts to regulate interstate commerce, break up trusts, and establish a more locally responsive financial system. Finally, it considers national spending policies.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Self-Build and Custom Housebuilding in the South West of England

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Annie Hamilton Gingell ◽  
Sina Shahab
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
National Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
South West ◽  
Land Bank ◽  
Method Approach

This paper seeks to evaluate how successful national policy interventions have been at addressing land barriers to self-build and custom housebuilding when applied by Local Planning Authorities (LPAs) across the South West of England. A longitudinal triangulated mixed method approach was undertaken to comprehensively interrogate the research objective. This comprised submitting a Freedom of Information (FOI) request to each LPA within the study area; an assessment of the most recently produced Strategic Housing Market Assessments (SHMAs); deriving alternative demand estimates using national data as a proxy; and alternate estimates of supply calculated using BuildStore and The Land Bank Partnership plot search websites. The findings of the study revealed that LPA Registers can only be viewed as a minimum assessment of demand for self-build and custom housebuilding and the effectiveness of LPAs in classifying suitable development permissions for self-build and custom housebuilding was highly dependent on the mechanisms used to identify permissions.

Impact of the National Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices on Brazilian Public Homeopathy Services

Homeopathy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Lemonica ◽  
Karina Pavao Patricio
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
The South ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
East Region ◽  
The Face ◽  
Health Demands ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Homeopathy has been experiencing a period of expansion in Brazil due to its practical relevance in the face of new global and national health demands, culminating in the launch in 2006 of the National Policy for Integrative and Complementary Practices (NPICP) by the Ministry of Health of Brazil, which standardized and regularized the position of homeopathy within the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Aims To understand the impact of the guidelines proposed by the NPICP on homeopathy services in the SUS, specifically in the south-east region of Brazil, according to the perceptions of their managers. Methods This is a descriptive, exploratory research study with a qualitative approach, conducted in homeopathy services in the south-east region of Brazil, through semi-structured interviews and with data processed using content analysis. Results The data show the importance of the NPICP in regulating and offering homeopathy in the services studied. However, the NPICP's objective of promoting and fully developing integrative and complementary practices has not been achieved because it has failed to translate strategies into actions. Conclusions Though important to the development of homeopathy services in any given location, policies stated in the NPICP were revealed to have limited impact on the implementation and development of new services. Without further legislation, training programs and appropriate budget allocation, new services will be unable to thrive and their users unable to benefit from a more comprehensive approach to healthcare.

Can Supranational Law Enhance Democracy? EU Economic Law as a Market-Democratizing Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Tagiuri
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Law ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
National Market

Abstract This article focuses on the economic regulatory component of the current backlash against liberal democracy and supranationalism in the European Union (EU). I identify a style of economic regulation that seeks to govern markets in the interest of insiders who are framed as vulnerable to the challenges of economic globalization – what I call rearguard economic regulation. While such regulation may be useful to reinforce national cultural attachments and a sense of belonging, it also has an anti-pluralist character that threatens markets’ emancipatory orientation. By identifying this challenge, the article seeks to defend a vision of markets as contributing to the promise of democracy, by fostering a plurality of options in each sphere of life. In the European context, I argue, EU economic law may be understood as advancing the realization of such a vision of markets. Viewed in this light, supranational and, specifically, EU economic law appear not so much as ordo- (or neo)-liberal straightjackets on national democracy but, instead, as providing mechanisms for democratization of the economy and society. Such democratizing potential is attributable to (i) the pluralist outlook of the law of EU integration, which forces member states to confront the plurality of forms of economic and social life existing within the polity and being further diversified by globalization as well as (ii) the deliberative and open-ended character of EU law adjudication, which may allow for progressive re-articulations of national market regulation.

Economic regulation, opportunity-driven entrepreneurship and gender gap: emerging versus high-income economies

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Bárcena-Martín ◽  
Samuel Medina-Claros ◽  
Salvador Pérez-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
High Income ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Method Of Moment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Opportunity Entrepreneurship

PurposeInstitutional environment plays a crucial role in determining the nature of entrepreneurship that prevails in an economy. In this paper, the authors address how business, labour and credit regulations contribute differently to both the overall prevalence of opportunity-driven entrepreneurship (ODE) and its gender gap in high-income and emerging economies.Design/methodology/approachOn the basis of an unbalanced panel of 41 countries over the period 2005–2016, the authors estimate system generalised method of moment models. The authors also perform an ordinary least square analysis to address gender differences in ODE.FindingsThe authors find that higher credit market liberalisation is especially associated with more entrepreneurship by opportunity. Nevertheless, while credit market regulation stands out as a key element to promote opportunity-based entrepreneurship in both high-income and emerging countries, in the emerging world business regulation is also largely related to the prevalence of opportunity entrepreneurship. In terms of gender gap, business and labour market freedom seem to exert an equalising effect on the divide in entrepreneurship by opportunity, specifically in emerging economies.Originality/valueFindings allow the identification of regulatory policy reform priorities to enhance the prevalence of ODE depending on the level of a country's development. They also identify which specific areas of economic regulation would speed up closing the gender gap in opportunity entrepreneurship.

Australasian Nature Photography 08

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
South Australian Museum ◽  
The South ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Australian Museum ◽  
Break Up

The bioregion of Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica and New Guinea possesses a unique natural heritage stretching back over 50 million years since the break-up of the great southern continent of Gondwanaland. The South Australian Museum focuses on enhancing a general knowledge of this extraordinary legacy by encouraging photography of the region’s nature and wilderness, and promoting an annual competition to find the Nature Photographer of the Year. Australasian Nature Photography: ANZANG Eighth Collection presents the finest photographs submitted to the competition. Each photograph is accompanied by technical information as well as anecdotes about how the picture was taken, which will stimulate yet further interest in the flora and fauna and their conservation in the region.

Neither protective nor harmonized: the crossborder regulation of medical devices in the EU

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Holly Jarman ◽  
Sarah Rozenblum ◽  
Tiffany J. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Regulatory Authority ◽  
Health Care Cost ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Post Market ◽  
The Status ◽  
Market Fragmentation ◽  
The Eu

Abstract To what extent does inadequate market regulation contribute to poor health outcomes? A series of prominent scandals involving harmful medical devices has made improving the regulation of these devices an urgent problem for the European Union (EU). This is, however, a specific example of a general phenomenon. The EU remains first and foremost a large and integrated market within which the EU institutions have considerable regulatory authority. Even if there is little EU commitment to a health or social policy agenda, its use of that regulatory authority shapes health care cost and quality and should be understood as health policy. We use data from EU-level and national policy documents to analyse the EU's current regulatory framework for medical devices and assess its likely future efficacy. Despite revising the medical devices directive to require more stringent pre-authorization requirements for high-risk medical devices and improvements in post-market surveillance, the key underlying problems of market fragmentation and patient safety persist. Without strong and consistent support for the implementation of the new directive, the likely result is the status quo, with significant consequences for health in Europe.

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