scholarly journals Spatial Strategies for Crowd Management in Haridwar, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
Sindhuja Kasthala ◽  
◽  
Binoy B.V. ◽  
Harshit S. Lakra ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crowd Management ◽  
Spatial Strategies

scholarly journals An Efficient Management Platform for Developing Smart Cities: Solution for Real-Time and Future Crowd Detection

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
David Garcia-Retuerta ◽  
Pablo Chamoso ◽  
Guillermo Hernández ◽  
Agustín San Román Guzmán ◽  
Tan Yigitcanlar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Crowd Management ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
The City

A smart city is an environment that uses innovative technologies to make networks and services more flexible, effective, and sustainable with the use of information, digital, and telecommunication technologies, improving the city’s operations for the benefit of its citizens. Most cities incorporate data acquisition elements from their own systems or those managed by subcontracted companies that can be used to optimise their resources: energy consumption, smart meters, lighting, irrigation water consumption, traffic data, camera images, waste collection, security systems, pollution meters, climate data, etc. The city-as-a-platform concept is becoming popular and it is increasingly evident that cities must have efficient management systems capable of deploying, for instance, IoT platforms, open data, etc., and of using artificial intelligence intensively. For many cities, data collection is not a problem, but managing and analysing data with the aim of optimising resources and improving the lives of citizens is. This article presents deepint.net, a platform for capturing, integrating, analysing, and creating dashboards, alert systems, optimisation models, etc. This article shows how deepint.net has been used to estimate pedestrian traffic on the streets of Melbourne (Australia) using the XGBoost algorithm. Given the current situation, it is advisable not to transit urban roads when overcrowded, thus, the model proposed in this paper (and implemented with deepint.net) facilitates the identification of areas with less pedestrian traffic. This use case is an example of an efficient crowd management system, implemented and operated via a platform that offers many possibilities for the management of the data collected in smart territories and cities.

Gaming in Spatial Expansion Tracks: The Case of the Swedish Brewery Industry

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1021-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Finne ◽  
R Laulajainen
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Scale Economies ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Simple Indicator

Two competitors try to maximize their respective market shares by acquiring smaller, passive companies. The heavy logistics bill and inherent scale economies in production recommend contagious expansion. This process is channeled by physical barriers and population distribution. Rationalization of production and distribution is postponed. The historical example is derived from the Swedish brewery industry. It may be seen as a game with a set of rules and some probabilistic parameters. The game is played thirty-seven times, by two persons at a time. The results span a spectrum of spatial strategies, dominated by three main types, one of which corresponds to the historical outcome. To get a firmer hold of ‘good’ strategies, the probabilistic elements are replaced by a simple indicator, the territory is abstracted into a network, and the decisionmaking sequence is analyzed deductively. The same three main types of strategy reemerge. One of them is tentatively considered to be a Nash equilibrium.

Simulation Model of Crowd Evacuation Navigation in a Multi-Obstacle Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 036119812097126
Author(s):  
Zhongrui Ni ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Yanjie Chai ◽  
Cuijuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Crowd Management ◽  
Navigation Simulation ◽  
Local Navigation ◽  
Crowd Evacuation

The simulation of a crowd evacuating public buildings can be an important reference in planning the layout of buildings and formulating evacuation strategies. This paper proposes an agent-based crowd model; a crowd evacuation navigation simulation model is proposed for the multi-obstacle environment. We introduce the concept of navigation factor to describe the proximity of the navigation point to the exit. An algorithm for creating navigation points in multi-obstacle environment is proposed along with the global navigation and local navigation control algorithms of the crowd. We construct a crowd evacuation simulation prototype system with different simulation scenes using the scene editor. We conduct the crowd evacuation simulation experiment in the multi-obstacle scene, recording and analyzing the relevant experimental data. The simulation prototype system can be used to derive the evacuation time of the crowd and analyze the evacuation behavior of the crowd. It is expected to provide a visual deduction method for crowd management in an evacuation emergency.

Leveraging blockchain based decentralized apps for the Tokyo Olympics amid the COVID-19 pandemic

First Monday ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishi Sabarigirisan ◽  
Aditi Biswas ◽  
Ridhi Rohatgi ◽  
Shyam KC ◽  
Shekhar Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Crowd Management ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smooth Contact ◽  
Public Health And Safety

The COVID-19 pandemic has induced a cloud of uncertainty over the mega sports event, the 2021 Tokyo Olympics. Cancelling or re-scheduling the event could have serious repercussions on the economic, social and environmental well-being for the involved stakeholders. Thus, it becomes critical to conduct events of this magnitude by adopting appropriate public health measures. In this research, we primarily focus on two main premises relative to public health and safety, contact tracing and crowd management. We explore and evaluate the usability of blockchain based decentralized apps in crowd management and contact tracing for the Tokyo Olympics using value-focused thinking (VFT). A VFT framework aids in narrowing fundamental and strategic objectives that need to be addressed for smooth contact tracing and crowd management by understanding stakeholder viewpoints. We established an equivalence of the objectives identified through VFT with blockchain technology properties. Further, we also present a conceptual ideation of contact tracing and crowd management through blockchain based decentralized apps for the Tokyo Olympics. This work could potentially assist decision-makers, researchers and stakeholders involved in organizing the Tokyo Olympics in understanding and analysing the utility of blockchain based decentralized apps for crowd management and contact tracing.

Deep Learning in Smart Video Surveillance for Crowd Management: A Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Camille Garcia ◽  
Jealine Eleanor Gorre ◽  
Joshua Angelo Karl Perez ◽  
Mary Jane Samonte
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Crowd Management

scholarly journals Transnational Support for Urban Climate Adaptation: Emerging Forms of Agency and Dependency

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Institutional Culture ◽  
External Support ◽  
Political Agency ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
Transnational Actors ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Political Economic

Transnational actors are critical for financing programs and generating awareness around climate change adaptation in cities. However, it is unclear whether transnational support actually enables more authority over adaptation actions and whether outcomes address wide-ranging development needs. In this article, I compare experiences from three cities in India—Surat, Indore, and Bhubaneswar—and link local political agency over adaptation with their supporting transnational funders. I find that adaptation governance involves powers of agency over directing bureaucratic practices, public finance, spatial strategies, and institutional culture. A city’s ability to exert these powers then yields different patterns of adaptation. However, political agency is circumscribed by a combination of historical political economic constraints and emerging transnational resources that promote specific forms of political meaning and procedures. The presence of external support therefore paradoxically constrains the governance autonomy of cities. This opens up new opportunities for development dependency—that is, ones that mirror neoliberal critiques of foreign aid—within the global marketplace for climate finance.

scholarly journals A descriptive analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on Emergency Department attendance and visit characteristics in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Qiu Lim ◽  
Fahad Javaid Siddiqui ◽  
Seyed Ehsan Saffari ◽  
Andrew Fu Wah Ho ◽  
Johannes Nathaniel Min Hui Liew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Circuit Breaker ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Crowd Management ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted the utilisation of Emergency Department (ED) services worldwide. This study aims to describe the changes in attendance of a single ED and corresponding patient visit characteristics before and during the COVID-19 period. Methods: In a single-centre retrospective cohort study, we used descriptive statistics to compare ED attendance, patient demographics and visit characteristics during the COVID-19 period (1 January – 28 June 2020) and its corresponding historical period in 2019 (2 January – 30 June 2019). Results: Mean ED attendance decreased from 342 visits/day in the pre-COVID-19 period, to 297 visits/day in the COVID-19 period. This was accompanied by a decline in presentations in nearly every ICD-10-CM diagnosis category except for respiratory-related diseases. Notably, we observed reductions in visits by critically ill patients and severe disease presentations during the COVID-19 period. We also noted a shift in ED patient case-mix from ‘Non-fever’ cases to ‘Fever’ cases, likely giving rise to two distinct trough-to-peak visit patterns during the pre-Circuit Breaker and Circuit Breaker period. Conclusions: This descriptive study revealed distinct ED visit trends across different time periods. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a reduction in ED attendances amongst patients with low-acuity conditions and those with highest priority for emergency care. This raises concern about treatment-seeking delays and possible impact on health outcomes. The downward trend in low-acuity presentations also presents learning opportunities for ED crowd management planning in a post-COVID-19 era.

scholarly journals Are New Olympic Attractions Well-Connected? A Network Analysis Measurement of Visitor Movement Patterns in Gangneung, South Korea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eujin-Julia Kim ◽  
Yongjun Jo ◽  
Youngeun Kang
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Tourist Behavior ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
Network Research ◽  
Analysis Measurement ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
Mega Event

One of the most serious concerns about mega event-related changes to small cities is how to effectively utilize newly developed public attractions after the Olympic Games. Making connections with existing local amenities and forming attraction networks can be effective strategies for continuing a city’s revitalization. However, despite the expected benefits, attraction network research shows that these benefits often fail to materialize. With the case of Gangneung, a 2018 winter Olympic hosting city, this study investigated visitation patterns to nineteen selected attractions using network analysis. The results indicate that the most influential nodes are located on the northern coast, the eastern coast, and in the south downtown area, those nodes being the central locations where the strongest of connections are made. New attractions such as the Olympic Park and Walwha Linear Park were rather isolated. While seasonal and periodic variations, visitors’ residences, and destination choice attitudes had a significant effect on visitation patterns, the attraction networks, modes of transportation, proximity to region, and type similarity were not significant factors in the forming of visitation patterns. The results make a methodological contribution to tourist behavior and network research. In addition, beyond individual attraction development, the results provide practical implications in regard to networking and cooperation between multiple attractions using temporal and spatial strategies such as management/investment prioritizing, travel route development, and program scheduling.

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