scholarly journals The Role of Fetal Kidney Length and Fetal Transverse Diameter of Heart in Prediction of Gestational Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Panda Subrat ◽  
Rudrapal Gouri Sankar ◽  
Das Ananya ◽  
Ray Baruah Surajit ◽  
Sharma Nalini
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Objective: Currently there is no single ultrasonological parameter for accurate estimation of gestational age in third trimester. The present study is undertaken to validate the fetal kidney length and fetal transverse diameter of heart measurement as a measurement of fetal growth with less variability. Materials & Methods: It is a cohort study conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, NEIGRIHMS from 2015 to 2016. 224 women with singleton pregnancies and sure of LMP were enrolled. Each woman underwent minimum three ultrasonographic measurements- at first trimester for gestational age by CRL, at second trimester with fetal conventional biometry, at third trimester with Fetal kidney length, transverse diameter of heart and fetal conventional biometric parameters and analysed with SPSS Version22. Results: The gestational age with CRL was within three days of the menstrual age. In second trimester, conventional parameter (BPD,HC,AC,FL) were better parameters. Conventional parameter did not correspond to gestational age calculated from LMP. (BPD, R2= 0.4819, HC R2- 0.507, AC R2- 0.5175, FL R2-0.5243, Combined Conventional parameter R2- 0.5888). Fetal kidney length (R2-0.8356) and transverse diameter of heart (R2-0.8795) better correlated with gestational age. Conclusion: Kidney length and transverse diameter of heart are better predictors of gestational age in third trimester.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ultrasonographic fetal kidney length for gestational age detection in late second and third trimesters

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Amal S. Zaghloul
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
The Mean

Accurate estimation of gestational age is necessary to obtain materials for different tests as well as to interpret the results of these tests.Unfortunately sometimes calculation of EDD based on LMP becomes very difficult when (a) The menstrual cycle is irregular; (b) Patient fails to remember LMP or reports inaccurately (c) Pregnancy occurs during lactational amenorrhoea & (d) if patient have bleeding in early pregnancy. After 24 weeks the symphysio-fundal height in cm. approximates to the number of weeks up to 36 weeks of gestation. But a number of factors influence the measurement including multiple gestation, IUGR, diabetic pregnancy, maternal size, variation in fetal lie & engagement as well as inter & intra observer measurement variation.Ultrasonic measurement of fetal biometry (CRL, BPD, FL) are considered to be reliable when they are performed in first & early 2nd trimester (<24 weeks). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonographic fetal kidney length measurement as a new parameter for estimation of gestational age in late second and third trimester in correlation to other commenly used parameters as, BPD, FL, AC. This study was conducted on 122 pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics of Obstetrics and Gynecology department Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, KSA. All were in the late second and third trimester (between 24-40 weeks) of gestation. Cases included in the study were divided into four gestational age groups with four weeks interval. The length of the fetal kidney was measured. The mean gestational age was calculated on the bases of biparietal diameter (BPD).femur length (FL) and abdominal circumference (AC). The fetal kidney measurements were obtained by the same sonographer to avoid interobserver variation using (GE machine E8) and were compared with gestational age using statistical analysis No statistically significant differences were found between the right and the left renal measurements in cases in which the two kidneys were imaged In this study, during the second and third trimester the mean kidney length showed gradual rate of increase. the mean kidney length was found to be 30.52.1 mm at mean gestational age of 26weeks and became at the mean gestational age of34 weeks, 40.4103 mm(:(±1.98) and at mean gestational age of 38 week it measured44.41mm((±2.1). In addition, we found a positive correlation between kidney length and gestational age. We suggested regression Formula to calculate it. Conclusion: Throughout this study, we can conclude that Fetal kidney length could be used with accuracy in the late second and third trimester especially in women who are uncertain of date of LMP and are booked late for ANC.however its accuracy is decreased when we use it in late third trimester.Other ultrasonographic parameters used for estimation of the gestational age as BPD ,AC are less satisfactory ,when compared with femur length and kidney length.

scholarly journals Role of mean fetal kidney length as an additional parameter in late trimester for accurate estimation of gestational age relative to other biometrics indices

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3724
Author(s):  
Shalini Sahay ◽  
Manju Sharma ◽  
Devendra Kumar ◽  
Bhawar Singh Meena
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Medical Risk ◽  
Medical Risk Factors ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
Biometric Indices

Background: As biometric indices are difficult to obtain or show gross discrepancies with each other or with gestational age in the late trimester, so for accurate dating additional parameter is required. Fetal kidney length is easy to measure and appear reliable in previous studies.Methods: Well dated 121 antenatal women from 28 to 40 weeks of gestation with no obstetric or medical risk factors were recruited and kidney length is assessed in longitudinal scan and maximum length is taken. fetal kidney length derived gestational age compared with other biometrics indices gestational age.Results: Mean kidney length showed significant correlation (r=0.899, p<0.001 value) with increasing gestational age. Mean kidney length dated pregnancy within ±8.5 days.Conclusions: Fetal kidney length measurement correlated well with other routinely used parameters for the estimation of gestational age and can be used as an accurate parameter to date pregnancy in the late trimester.

scholarly journals Role of Ultrasonographic Measurement of Fetal Kidney Length in Determination of Gestational Age during Third Trimester of Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 221-232
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mohamed Ghaleb ◽  
Afnan Ibrahim Abdel Fatah Shokri ◽  
Mohammed Salah El Sayed El Sokkary ◽  
Maged Mahmoud Ali El Shourbagy
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Kidney Length

Role of fetal kidney length in estimation of gestational age

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. S57
Author(s):  
Neelu Luther ◽  
V.V.G. Patnaik ◽  
N. Puri ◽  
A. Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Kidney Length

scholarly journals Maternal Serum Levels of Alpha Tumour Necrotic Factor, Interleukin 10, Interleukin 6 and Interleukin 4 in Malaria Infected Pregnant Women Based on Their Gestational Age in Southeast, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Obeagu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi ◽  
Esimai, Bessie Nonyelum ◽  
Ekelozie, Ifeoma Stella ◽  
Asogwa Eucharia Ijego ◽  
Amaeze Augustine Amaeze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tumour Necrotic Factor

Malaria has been reported as a condition caused by infestation with Plasmodium parasite species, is a major public health problem globally especially in developing countries like Nigeria. This study was carried out in Federal Medical Centre Umuahia in Abia State, Nigeria. A study was done to determine the maternal serumlevels of alpha tumour necrotic factor, interleukin 10, interleukin 6and interleukin 4 in malaria infected pregnant women based on their gestational age in Southeast, Nigeria. A total of 150 subjects between the ages of 18-45 years were recruited for the study comprising of fifty (50) subjects each of the 3 trimesters. Commercial ELISA Kit by MELSIN Medical Co Limited was used to measure all the cytokines. The results of Table 1 showed no significant difference of TNF-α (p=0.346), IL-10 (p=0.059), IL-6 (p=0.811) and IL-4 (p=0.257) of malaria infected pregnant women at first trimester and second trimester respectively. The results of Table 2 showed no significant difference of TNF-α (p=0.642), IL-10 (p=0.678), IL-6 (p=0.551) and IL-4 (p=0.280) of malaria infected pregnant women at first trimester and third trimester respectively. The results of Table 2 showed no significant difference of TNF-α (p=0.062), IL-10 (p=0.016), IL-6 (p=0.352) and IL-4 (p=0.914) of malaria infected pregnant women at first trimester and third trimester respectively. The study showed no changes in the cytokines studied among the malaria infected pregnant women based on gestational ages except when IL-10 was compared between the subjects on second trimester and third trimester. This study shows that malaria infection does not changes these cytokines in pregnant women based on gestational ages except the il-10 when compared at second trimester and third trimester but changes when compared at other trimesters.

scholarly journals Lipid Profile of Healthy Women During Normal Pregnancy

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Diareme ◽  
Petros Karkalousos ◽  
Georgos Theodoropoulos ◽  
Stefanos Strouzas ◽  
Nikos Lazanas
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
C 30

Lipid Profile of Healthy Women During Normal PregnancyThe four basic lipid indexes (Chol, Trig, HDL-C and LDL-C) increase during pregnancy, following different rates of increase. Among the four analytes triglycerides show the largest increase and HDL-C the smallest. All analyte values are raised during the 40 weeks of pregnancy, except HDL-C which is stabilized during the second trimester. After delivery the values decrease, except LDL-C which remains steady (for some weeks) before starting to fall following the others. In this study the relations between the four lipid indexes and some predisposing factors (age, gestational age, nationality, body mass index, profession, smoking and diabetes during pregnancy) were investigated. The sample consisted of 413 pregnant women, mainly Greeks and Albanians. After regression analysis it was proved that the only common predisposing factor was the gestational age. Triglycerides and total cholesterol are also influenced by the women's age. The lipid indexes showed no important difference between the pregnant women in the first trimester and the non-pregnant women. On the contrary, there was a statistical difference between the pregnant women in the second and third trimester and between them and the women in the first trimester. The percentages of increase between first and second trimester were: Chol: 38%, Trig: 115%, HDL-C: 30%, LDL-C: 33%. The percentages of increase between first and third trimester were: Chol: 65%, Trig: 208%, HDL-C: 26%, LDLC: 64%.

scholarly journals Association of Colecalciferol, Ferritin, and Anemia among Pregnant Women: Result from Cohort Study on Vitamin D Status and Its Impact during Pregnancy and Childhood in Indonesia

Anemia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raden Tina Dewi Judistiani ◽  
Lani Gumilang ◽  
Sefita Aryuti Nirmala ◽  
Setyorini Irianti ◽  
Deni Wirhana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Iron Cycling ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Prepregnancy Body Mass Index ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D

Studies had shown that iron-cycling was disturbed by inflammatory process through the role of hepcidin. Pregnancy is characterized by shifts of interleukin. Our objective was to determine if 25(OH) vitamin D (colecalciferol) status was associated with ferritin, anemia, and its changes during pregnancy. Method. A cohort study was done in 4 cities in West Java, Indonesia, beginning in July 2016. Subjects were followed up until third trimester. Examinations included were maternal ferritin, colecalciferol, and haemoglobin level. Result. 191 (95.5%) subjects had low colecalciferol, and 151 (75.5%) among them were at deficient state. Anemia is found in 15 (7.5%) subjects, much lower than previous report. Proportion of anemia increased by trimester among women with colecalciferol deficiency. Ferritin status and prepregnancy body mass index in the first trimester were correlated with anemia (r=0.147, p=0.038 and r=-0.56, p=0.03). Anemia in the second trimester was strongly correlated with anemia in the third trimester (r=0.676, p<0.01). Conclusion. Our study showed that the state of colecalciferol was not associated with either ferritin state or anemia, but proportion of anemia tends to increase by trimester in the colecalciferol deficient subjects.

scholarly journals A correlation of trans cerebellar diameter by ultrasonography and gestational age in second and third trimester

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Ankur Shah ◽  
Manish Kumar Shah
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Mortality Incidence ◽  
Reliable Parameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Linear Manner ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background and Objectives: Increased perinatal mortality incidence has been seen amongst patients whose precise gestational age is unknown. Trans cerebellar diameter is a newer parameter in the estimation of gestational age. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim to determine the accuracy of trans cerebellar diameter in predicting gestational age during second and third trimester of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Mithila Hospital,Janakpurdham for a period of 1 year. The study included a total of 160 females with singleton pregnancies during their 2nd or 3rd trimester. The characteristic butterfly appearance of the cerebellum hinted the location of posterior fossa. All the data was arranged in a tabulated form and analyzed statistically. Data was expressed in the form of mean with standard deviation. SPSS software16 was used for the analysis of the data. Results: The present study enrolled 160 subjects, out of which 80 were in their second trimester and 80 were in their third trimester.  The mean transcerebellar diameter of subjects in second trimester was 20.22±4.87 and it was 36.01±2.89 amongst subjects in their third trimester. As the gestational age advances, the transcerebellar diameter also increases with it in a linear manner. Conclusion: Transcerebellar diameter can be used as a reliable parameter to estimate the gestational age and is also not altered in cases of intrautering growth restriction.

scholarly journals Comparison of Placental Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Vascular Indices and Placental Volume in Pregnancies with Small for Gestational Age Neonates

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue-Jar Chen ◽  
Chie-Pein Chen ◽  
Fang-Ju Sun ◽  
Chen-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Placental Volume ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

This prospective observational study aimed to compare the changes in placental vascular indices and placental volume using three-dimensional power Doppler (3DPD) ultrasound in pregnancies with small for gestational age (SGA) neonates. We enrolled 396 women with singleton pregnancies from September 2013 to June 2016. Placental vascular indices, including the vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI), and placental volume were obtained using 3DPD ultrasound in the first and second trimesters. Of the enrolled women, 21 delivered SGA neonates and 375 did not. In the first trimester, the SGA group had a significantly lower mean FI (25.10 ± 7.51 versus 33.10 ± 10.97, p < 0.001) and VFI (4.59 ± 1.95 versus 6.28 ± 2.35, p = 0.001) than the non-SGA group. However, there was no significant difference in the placental volume between the two groups during the first trimester. In the second trimester, the SGA group also had a significantly lower mean FI (27.08 ± 7.97 versus 31.54 ± 11.01, p = 0.022) and VFI (6.68 ± 1.71 versus 8.68 ± 3.09, p < 0.001) than the non-SGA group. In addition, a significantly smaller placental volume was noted in the SGA group (104.80 ± 24.23 cm3 versus 122.67 ± 26.35 cm3, p = 0.003) than in the non-SGA group during the second trimester. The results showed that a decreased placental VFI occurred earlier than a decreased placental volume in SGA pregnancies.

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