scholarly journals The effect of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on the growth and root colonization of ten strawberry cultivars

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauritz Vestberg
Keyword(s):  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mycorrhizal Dependency ◽  
Vam Fungi ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation ◽  
Dependency Index ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

Ten strawberry cultivars, four early maturing, three late maturing and three “special” cultivars, were inoculated with six strains of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi in a pot experiment. Growth effects and colonization of the VAM fungi were studied. Three strains, Glomus macrocarpum V3, G. mosseae Rothamsted and G. sp. V4, were highly efficient, causing significant growth increases in most cultivars. ’Jonsok’ showed the highest mycorrhizal dependency index, 648, and ’Ostara’ the lowest, 269, for the mean response of all six fungi. The fungal strains which increased shoot growth the most also increased the runner plant formation the most. Early cultivars showed higher colonization percentages than late maturing cultivars. Sporulation of the introduced VAM fungi was on average more abundant in early and special cultivars than in late cultivars. Root colonization and strawberry shoot dry weight correlated significantly in most cultivars, but the correlation between colonization and runner formation was generally poor.

scholarly journals Response of Association Vesicular–Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi with Citrus macrophylla W. Rootstock

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 893G-894
Author(s):  
G.S. Guzmán ◽  
O.C.E. Cuevas ◽  
L.J. Farias ◽  
S.M. Orozco
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Vam Fungi ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Citrus Rootstock ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Soil Hyphae ◽  
Citrus Macrophylla ◽  
Rates Of Growth

Citrus macrophylla is an important citrus rootstock for Mexican lemon (Citrus aurantifolia S.). Citrus are highly dependent of vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi. Four Glomus species were screened for their symbiotic response with C. macrophylla. Seedlings were inoculated with VAM fungi in pots containing sterilized soil. After 3 and 4 months, plants were harvested. Glomus fasciculatum (following by G. intraradices) gave the greatest improvements in growth, resulting in larger plant height and higher shoot dry weight. Glomus aggregatum, G. mosseae, and control plants showed the lowest rates of growth. Plants inoculated with the first three species showed the highest percent of root length colonized. However G. aggregatum gave the highest values of visual density of endophyte in root and soil hyphae. Root colonization and soil hyphae were lowest in plants with G. mosseae.

scholarly journals Vesicular-arbuscular Mycorrhizal Peat-based Substrates Enhance Symbiosis Establishment and Growth of Three Micropropagated Species

1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 896-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Wang ◽  
S. Parent ◽  
A. Gosselin ◽  
Y. Desjardins
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Gerbera Jamesonii ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Vam Fungi ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Ornamental Species ◽  
Term Benefit

Micropropagated plantlets of Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus ex Hook. F. `Terra Mix', Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott `Florida Ruffles', and Syngonium podophyllum Schott `White Butterfly' were inoculated with two vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi, Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith and G. vesiculiferum Gerderman and Trappe. They were potted in three peat-based media to determine the effects of mycorrhizal peat substrate on acclimatization and subsequent growth of micropropagated plantlets under greenhouse conditions. Symbiosis was established between the three ornamental species and VAM fungi within 4 to 8 weeks of culture in the greenhouse, but not during acclimatization. Mortality of Gerbera and Nephrolepis mycorrhizal plantlets was reduced at week 8 compared to the noninoculated control. A peat-based substrate low in P and with good aeration improved VAM fungi spread and efficiency. Mycorrhizal substrates had a long-term benefit of increasing leaf and root dry weight of Gerbera and Nephrolepis. Mycorrhizal Gerbera plants flowered significantly faster than non-mycorrhizal plants.

scholarly journals Delivery of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungus Spores via Seed Coating with Biodegradable Binders for Enhancement of the Spores Viability and Their Beneficial Properties in Maize

Akta Agrosia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Marwanto Marwanto ◽  
Hendri Bustaman ◽  
Merakati Handajaningsih ◽  
Supanjani Supanjani ◽  
Bambang Gonggo Murcitro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Spore Population ◽  
Experimental Treatments

biodegradable polymer such as PVA is considered the most promising candidates for developing the sustainable sticker. The objective of this study was to determine the most suitable PVA + TS blends as adhesives agent for AMF spores inoculation via seed coating which can enhance the spores viability and their beneficial properties in maize. The polythene bag experiment was performed in a screen house of the Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu Indonesia in 2015. Six adhesive blends were employed: 100% PVA + 0% TS, 75% PVA + 25% TS, 50% PVA + 50% TS, 25% PVA + 75% TS, 0% PVA + 100% TS, and no coating. The six experimental treatments were laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications. The results show that root colonization, AMF spore population, and shoot dry weight in 75% PVA + 25% TS were equal to those in 100% PVA. Root colonization, AMF spore population, shoot P content, and shoot P concentration were greater for 50% PVA + 50% TS than 100% PVA, 100% TS, and no coating. A mixture of 50% PVA + 50% TS was considered the preferred sticker. Thus, the tapioca starch can be used to substitute 25 - 50% of the PVA used without reducing AMF inoculant adhering to seed.Keywords: polymeric seed coating, seed coating formulation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, sustainable coating adhesive, seed inoculation, seed inoculant

scholarly journals Evaluation of Vesicular–Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Commercial Production of Silver King (Aglaonema commutatum L.) Plants

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 680b-680
Author(s):  
G.S. Guzman ◽  
I.C.A Alvarez ◽  
L.J. Farias
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Glomus Aggregatum ◽  
Vam Fungi ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular

In the commercial production of silver king plants and other ornate plants, the substrates are treated with fungicides, which affect the vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi and the plant growth negatively. The restoration of de VAM fungi to the substrate, after its disinfection, might improvement the development. The effectiveness and infectiveness of Glomus fasciculatum and Glomus aggregatum on silver king (Aglaonema commutatum) plants was evaluated in this work. Seedlings of 4-week-old, growing treated with mancozeb, were removed and planted in pots filled with a disinfected mixture of sand soil, cow manure and coconut powder (1:2:2), containing the inoculum of VAM fungi (soil with spores and colonized roots). After 3 and 4 months of the inoculation, plants were removed and dry weight of roots and shoot, number and length of leaves, and mycorrhizal colonization were evaluated. A better development was showed in plants inoculated, resulting highest values in number and length of leaves in relation to control plants. Both VAM fungi improvement the number and length of leaves. The percentage root length colonized (80%) and visual density of endophyte in roots was highest in plants inoculated with Glomus aggregatum in both sampling period.

Endomycorrhizal colonization of glasshouse-grown wheat as influenced by fertilizer salts when banded or soil-mixed

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 1196-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Anne Davis ◽  
J. L. Young
Keyword(s):  
Root Colonization ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Vam Fungi ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Glomus Species ◽  
Take All

Seven different species from three genera of common vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi differed in the extent of their root colonization and in their effect on growth of winter wheat when applied in combination with different forms of nitrogen ([Formula: see text] vs. [Formula: see text]) and fertilizer anions (Cl−, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), treatments that influence other soil fungi such as the take-all disease organism, Gaeumannomyces graminis tritici. Banded fertilizer salts, singly and in combinations, were more inhibitory to root colonization by most VAM species than were incorporated salts. [Formula: see text] salts were more inhibitory to both wheat growth and VAM development than were [Formula: see text] salts. Two Glomus species, G. clarum and G. fasciculatum, appeared to be salt tolerant, developing abundant vesicles, hyphae, and colonizations to near 50% in the presence of incorporated (NH4)2SO4 or NH4Cl. However, colonizations often were not indicative of growth responses; e.g., colonizations of 10% by Gigaspora gilmorei or 20 to 40% by Glomus species often depressed growth, whereas 5 to 10% colonization by Acaulospora spinosa in the presence of NH4Cl + KCl stimulated growth significantly. The effect of Cl− (with [Formula: see text]) in suppressing the pathogenic take-all fungus did not occur with symbiotic VAM fungi. The results indicate the relative effectiveness of certain species in tolerating liberal fertilization as well as their potential for stimulating or depressing plant growth.

Response of citrus to vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation in unsterile soils

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 2729-2732 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Manjunath ◽  
R. Mohan ◽  
D. J. Bagyaraj
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Glomus Fasciculatum ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Lateritic Soils ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

Response of citrus to inoculation with the endomycorrhizal fungus Glomus fasciculatum in four soil types of India was studied under greenhouse conditions. Inoculation increased the dry weight of shoot and root and nutrient content of plants. Plants grown in sandy soils responded to a greater extent compared with plants grown in clayey or lateritic soils. The results brought out that mycorrhizal inoculation could be beneficial in certain unsterile soils in spite of the presence of native endophytes.

scholarly journals Effect of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae on Tissue Culture-derived Plantlets of Strawberry

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 903-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC.G. Chávez ◽  
R. Ferrera-Cerrato
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Vam Fungi ◽  
Glomus Versiforme ◽  
Glomus Macrocarpum ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Glomus Sp

The responses of four micropropagated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars (`Douglas', `Tioga', `Aiko', and `Pajaro') to colonization by three vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi were determined under nursery conditions. Species of VAM endophytes were Glomus sp. CPH-23, Glomus macrocarpum Tul. & Tul., and Glomus versiforme Berth & Trappe. Yield in VAM plants tended to exceed that of nonVAM plants during the latter part of the harvest, but VAM effects differed widely with host-endophyte combinations. Cultivar-endophyte combinations producing the best yield were `Douglas'-Glomus sp. CPH-23, `Tioga'- G. macrocarpum, and `Aiko'- G. versiforme. The number of strawberries per plant differed significantly (P < 0.01) for `Tioga', depending on the cndophytes used. Root colonization by the endophytes varied from 25% to 75%. Yield was not related to colonization.

Responses of sugarcane, maize, and soybean to phosphorus and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Kelly ◽  
D. G. Edwards ◽  
J. P. Thompson ◽  
R. C. Magarey
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Vam Fungi ◽  
Root Colonisation ◽  
Yield Decline ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular

The presence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi in long-term cane-growing fields associated with yield decline led to the supposition that VAM fungi may be responsible for the poor yields. A glasshouse trial was established to test the effectiveness of a species of VAM fungi, Glomus clarum, extracted from one of these North Queensland fields on the growth of sugarcane (Saccharum interspecific hybrid), maize (Zea mays), and soybean (Glycine max) for 6 phosphorus (P) rates (0, 2.7, 8.2, 25, 74, 222 mg/kg). For maize and soybean plants that received VAM (+VAM), root colonisation was associated with enhanced P uptake, improved dry weight (DW) production, and higher index tissue-P concentrations than those without VAM (–VAM). By comparing DW responses of maize and soybean for different P rates, savings in fertiliser P of up to 160 and 213 kg/ha, respectively, were realised. Sugarcane plants were generally less responsive. Apart from a 30% DW increase with VAM when 2.7 mg P/kg was added, DW of +VAM plants was equivalent to, or worse than in the case of 222 mg P/kg, DW of –VAM plants. For all 3 host species, colonisation was least at the highest P application, presumably from excessive P within the plant tissue. Critical P concentrations for the 3 host species were below those reported elsewhere, and for soybean and sugarcane, the critical concentration for +VAM plants was lower than that of –VAM plants. There are 3 implications that arise from this study. First, VAM fungi present in cane-growing soils can promote the growth of maize and soybean, which are potential rotation crops, over a range of P levels. Second, the mycorrhizal strain taken from this site did not generally contribute to a yield decline in sugarcane plants. Third, application of P fertiliser is not necessary for sugarcane when acid-extractable P is <30 mg/kg if sufficient VAM propagules are present, or mp;lt;47 mg/kg if a mycorrhizal response is not anticipated.

Susceptibility of barley cultivars to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Boyetchko ◽  
J. P. Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vam Fungi ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Glomus Species ◽  
The University

The relative susceptibility of selected barley cultivars produced in western Canada to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi under field and greenhouse conditions was evaluated in this study. Cultivars tested under field conditions at the University of Alberta and Lacombe research stations showed no significant differences in VAM colonization of barley roots; colonization was light. Greenhouse trials at the University of Alberta with eight cultivars inoculated with individual mycorrhizal species illustrated significant differences among the barley cultivars in their reactions to Glomus dimorphicum, G. intraradices, and G. mosseae. Distinct differences were observed in the ability of each Glomus species to colonize the barley cultivars. The VAM fungi increased growth and yield in some cultivars, depending on the Glomus species. This study indicates that a degree of host-specificity exists in VAM fungi and that the host-mycorrhizal fungus genotypes may influence the effectiveness of the symbiosis. Key words: Barley, cultivars, susceptibility, VA mycorrhizal fungi

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