DEVELOPING AND SELECTING SLOPE STABILIZATION TECHNIQUES IN MANAGING SLOPE FAILURES

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Sandyavitri
Keyword(s):  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Slope Stabilization ◽  
Rockfall Hazard ◽  
Proactive Approach ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Hazard Rating ◽  
Hazard Rating Systems ◽  
Steep Slopes

This paper objectives are to; (i) identification of risky slopes (within 4 Provinces in Sumatra including Provinces of Riau, West Sumatra, Jambi and South Sumatra encompassing 840 kms of the “Jalan Lintas Sumatra” highway) based on Rockfall Hazard Rating Systems (RHRS) method; (ii) developing alternatives to stabilize slope hazards, and (iii) selecting appropriate slopes stabilization techniques based on both proactive approach and value engineering one. Based on the Rockfall Hazard Rating Systems (RHRS) method, it was identified 109 steep slopes prone to failure within this highway section. Approximately, 15 slopes were identified as potential high-risk slopes (RHRS scores were calculated >200 points). Based on the proactive approach, seven riskiest slopes ware identified. The preferred stabilization alternatives to remedy most of these slopes are suggested as follow; either (i) a combination of retaining wall and drainage, or (ii) gabion structure and drainage. However, different approaches may yield different results, there are at least 2 main consideration in prioritizing slope stabilization; (i) based on the riskiest slopes, and(ii) the least expensive stabilization alternatives.

scholarly journals Rockfall Hazard Rating System(s) in Saudi Arabia – A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan M. Aqeel
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Rockfall Hazard ◽  
Risk Definition ◽  
Hazard Rating ◽  
Hazard Rating Systems

Slope instability along highways in mountainous areas is not only a major hazard for lives and passing vehicles but also may hinder traffic for long period and thus create significant economic loss. The most common type of slope instability failures in such areas is rockfalls. Many qualitative rockfall hazard rating systems (RHRSs) have been developed across the world. However, the Middle East almost lacks to such systems. For instance, in Saudi Arabia, which has the largest economy in the region, only one system of rockfall hazard rating system (RHRS-SA) has been developed up to now. This paper aimed to critically review this system. Some drawbacks were found in the RHRS-SA. However, the main disadvantage was that the final rating score of risk is not consistent with risk definition. In sum, the remarkable findings of this review can be accounted either for any future modifications for the RHRS-SA or to develop a new rockfall hazard rating system but for a specific area(s) in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Comparison between qualitative rockfall risk rating systems for a road affected by high traffic intensity

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1643-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Budetta ◽  
M. Nappi
Keyword(s):  
Rating System ◽  
Traffic Intensity ◽  
Rock Slopes ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Rockfall Hazard ◽  
The Road ◽  
Risk Rating ◽  
System A ◽  
Sight Distance ◽  
Hazard Rating

Abstract. The paper deals with the assessment of the rockfall risk for a road stretch, in southern Italy, affected by high traffic intensity. Three qualitative rockfall risk rating systems (QRSs) which use an exponential scoring with a base of 3 were employed, and then the results were compared. The used methods are the following: the Rockfall Hazard Rating System, a modified version of this method already proposed in the past by one of the authors, and the modified version of the Colorado Rockfall Hazard Rating System. The studied road stretch is about 11 km in length and is part of a very tortuous road flanked by rock slopes characterised by complex geostructural and geomechanical layouts. The road was subdivided into 56 sections, defined so as to have – as much as possible – homogeneous geological characteristics. By means of the three QRSs, it was possible to ascertain that high levels of rockfall risks are due to the lack of ditches, a very limited percentage of decision sight distance (PDSD) values and a small roadway width, whereas a subordinate factor is the hazard caused by rockfalls. Several positive and negative aspects arising from the use of the employed methods are highlighted and discussed.

Understanding windthrow: Silvicultural implications

1995 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Ruel
Keyword(s):  
Stand Density ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Stem Form ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
Anchoring System ◽  
Hazard Rating ◽  
Hazard Rating Systems ◽  
The Impact

Windthrow is a damaging agent that can be of paramount importance in silviculture. Windthrow depends on a number of factors interacting with each other. This paper tries to incorporate windthrow concerns into the silvicultural decision making process by understanding the windthrow process and its interaction with silviculture. The forces involved in the windthrow process are reviewed. The effects of natural factors on these forces are examined and the potential impact of silviculture on these factors is discussed. Some available hazard rating systems are reviewed, trying to underline their applicability in the Eastern Canadian context. Climate affects the severity and frequency of storms. However, wind speed in a particular stand is influenced strongly by local topography. Soil and root characteristics determine the sturdiness of the anchoring system. Many stand-related factors, such as stand height, age, density and stem form, can also exert an influence on the resistance to uprooting. Silviculture can modify the vulnerability to windthrow by acting on these factors. In stands at risk, stripcutting, thinning or the creation of new margins can cause important losses. The impact of stem form also indicates the need for an early control of stand density. Among the hazard rating systems available, the British system seems the most complete but would require some adjustments for use in the Eastern Canadian context. Key words: windthrow, uprooting, blowdown, wind

Solvent safety I: Hazard rating systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
John B. Durkee
Keyword(s):  
Rating Systems ◽  
Hazard Rating ◽  
Hazard Rating Systems

Review of groundwater contamination hazard rating systems for old landfills

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Kumar Singh ◽  
Manoj Datta ◽  
Arvind Kumar Nema
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Hazard Rating ◽  
Hazard Rating Systems

Digital Surface Model-aided Quantitative Geologic Rockfall Rating System (QG-RRS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-271
Author(s):  
Yonathan Admassu
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Rockfall Hazard ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Discontinuity Orientation ◽  
Geological Factors ◽  
Hazard Rating ◽  
Cut Slopes

ABSTRACT Rockfalls are one of the most common types of slope failures that affect cut slopes along roadways in mountainous regions. The Rockfall Hazard Rating System (RHRS), started in Oregon and adopted by various U.S. states, is used to rate cut slopes with respect to their likelihood of releasing rockfalls. Existing rating systems use semi-quantitative approaches to rate geological and non-geological factors. The main geologic factors are favorability/unfavorability of orientation of discontinuities with respect to the orientation of slope faces and likelihood of differential weathering leading to undercutting of strong rock units. Digital surface models (DSMs) derived from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and photogrammetry have been used to remotely characterize rock mass. This research introduces an expanded application of DSMs to quantify geologic factors that contribute to the likelihood of rockfall events. The method is hence referred to as the Quantitative Geologic Rockfall Rating System (QG-RRS). Four DSM-based parameters, A, B, C, and D, have been identified to evaluate geologic factors. These parameters quantify the likelihood of discontinuity orientation-controlled failures (parameter A), the degree of undercutting (parameter B), rockfall activity based on rockfall release surfaces (parameter C), and rockfall volume from rockfall voids (parameter D). This rating system, although not inclusive of other non-geological factors, appears to provide reproducible quantitative estimation of geologic factors that control rockfall generation.

The applicability of available hazard rating systems for mountain pine beetle in lodgepole pine stands of southeastern Wyoming

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Katovich ◽  
Robert J. Lavigne
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Medicine Bow Mountains ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Periodic Growth ◽  
Hazard Rating ◽  
Hazard Rating Systems

Five hazard rating systems for Dendroctonusponderosae Hopkins in Pinuscontorta Dougl. stands were compared under nonoutbreak conditions in the Medicine Bow Mountains of southeastern Wyoming. The applicability of these systems, which were designed in other regions of the United States, to P. contorta stands in southeastern Wyoming was investigated. Thirty-two stands in four different age and diameter categories were sampled and rated by each system. Diameter at breast height did not correlate well with phloem width in any of the stands, as implied by the system of Amman and co-workers. A direct phloem width measurement could further refine this system. Periodic growth ratio, used in both the Berryman and Mahoney systems, did not differentiate between fast- and slow-growing trees. Crown competition factor did not positively correlate with increasing diameter at breast height, as implied by the system of Schenk and co-workers. Stand production ranged from 11.1 to 51.0 g wood•m leaf area−2•year−1, applying a modified system based on that designed by Mitchell and co-workers, indicating very high risk in every stand sampled. Further development and validation of hazard rating systems is necessary for improved analysis of risk to P. contorta stands from D. ponderosae in this region.

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