scholarly journals Mass Production of Bananas and Plantains (Musa spp.) Plantlets through in vitro Tissue Culture Partway: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Eustache T. A. E. Agbadje ◽  
Arnaud Agbidinoukoun ◽  
Martine Zandjanakou-Tachin ◽  
Gilles T. H. Cacaï ◽  
Corneille Ahanhanzo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
In Vitro Tissue Culture ◽  
Planting Material

Bananas and plantains are among the most important food crops in Central and West Africa. Their plantation is lead to many problems. In the recent decades, biotechnology tools using in vitro culture technics are used for the mass and free disease plantlets production in order to increase the bananas production and the yield. The main way of in vitro tissue culture at this end is the direct organogenesis i.e., the ability of plant tissues to form various organs de novo by shoots or roots induction to differentiate from a cell or cell clusters. This review aims to summarize the main results obtained in the organogenesis of bananas and plantains (Musa spp.) under in vitro conditions and to identify the challenges during the process. The research articles used in this review show that micropropagation is a reliable alternative to conventional production system of bananas and plantains planting material. However, the use of the in vitro micropropagation for bananas and plantains entails choosing the optimal explant type and size according to objectives. Benzylaminopurine remains the preferred cytokinin for in vitro banana and plantain shoot proliferation, while the use of thidiazuron appears to be more and more common. Whichever cytokinin used, the optimal cytokinin concentration for shoot proliferation is genotype dependent. This review also focuses on the causes and control measures of the two major banana and plantain micropropagation constraints: lethal tissues browning/darkening and microbial contaminations. It showed that applying the suitable and available control measure, according to the evolution of culture, is necessary. All this available information on the in vitro conditions makes banana and plantain cultivars in vitro organogenesis possible.

scholarly journals Field Performance of Conventional vs. in Vitro Propagules of Plantain (Musa spp., AAB Group)

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 862-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk R. Vuylsteke ◽  
Rodomiro Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Planting Material

In vitro-propagated plants of plantain (Musa spp., AAB group) did not manifest consistently superior horticultural performance compared to conventional propagules. Tissue culture plants grew vigorously and taller than sucker-propagated plants, but higher yield was not obtained, probably because of severe disease and suboptimal husbandry input. Phenotypic variation was higher in tissue culture plants, although this increase was not always statistically significant. There were no other detrimental effects of in vitro propagation on field performance. Botanical seed set rates for the two types of propagules were similar. The advantages of tissue-culture-derived plants as improved planting material would be most relevant for establishing field nurseries for further clean, conventional propagation of newly bred or selected genotypes.

Somaclonal variation of haploid in vitro tissue culture obtained from Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) megagametophytes for whole genome de novo sequencing

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin V. Krutovsky ◽  
Iraida N. Tretyakova ◽  
Nataliay V. Oreshkova ◽  
Maria E. Pak ◽  
Olga V. Kvitko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
De Novo Sequencing ◽  
Larix Sibirica ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
In Vitro Tissue Culture

scholarly journals Barley somatic embryogenesis-an attempt to modify variation induced in tissue culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Orłowska
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Silver Ion ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
In Vitro Tissue Culture ◽  
Induced Variation

Abstract Background Somatic embryogenesis is a phenomenon carried out in an environment that generates abiotic stress. Thus, regenerants may differ from the source of explants at the morphological, genetic, and epigenetic levels. The DNA changes may be the outcome of induction media ingredients (i.e., copper and silver ions) and their concentrations and time of in vitro cultures. Results This study optimised the level of copper and silver ion concentration in culture media parallel with the induction medium longevity step towards obtaining barley regenerants via somatic embryogenesis with a minimum or maximum level of tissue culture-induced differences between the donor plant and its regenerants. The optimisation process is based on tissue culture-induced variation evaluated via the metAFLP approach for regenerants derived under varying in vitro tissue culture conditions and exploited by the Taguchi method. In the optimisation and verification experiments, various copper and silver ion concentrations and the different number of days differentiated the tested trials concerning the tissue culture-induced variation level, DNA demethylation, and de novo methylation, including symmetric (CG, CHG) and asymmetric (CHH) DNA sequence contexts. Verification of optimised conditions towards obtaining regenerants with minimum and maximum variability compared to donor plants proved useful. The main changes that discriminate optimised conditions belonged to DNA demethylation events with particular stress on CHG context. Conclusions The combination of tissue culture-induced variation evaluated for eight experimental trials and implementation of the Taguchi method allowed the optimisation of the in vitro tissue culture conditions towards the minimum and maximum differences between a source of tissue explants (donor plant) and its regenerants from somatic embryos. The tissue culture-induced variation characteristic is mostly affected by demethylation with preferences towards CHG sequence context.

scholarly journals Using Commercial Compost as Control Measures against Cucumber Root-Rot Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamel Kamal Sabet ◽  
Magdy Mohamed Saber ◽  
Mohamed Adel-Aziz El-Naggar ◽  
Nehal Samy El-Mougy ◽  
Hatem Mohamed El-Deeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Cucumber Root

Five commercial composts were evaluated to suppress the root-rot pathogens (Fusarium solani (Mart.) App. and Wr, Pythium ultimum Trow, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, and Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) of cucumber plants under in vitro and greenhouse conditions. In vitro tests showed that all tested unautoclaved and unfiltrated composts water extracts (CWEs) had inhibitor effect against pathogenic fungi, compared to autoclaved and filtrated ones. Also, the inhibitor effects of 40 bacteria and 15 fungi isolated from composts were tested against the mycelial growth of cucumber root-rot pathogens. Twenty two bacteria and twelve fungal isolates had antagonistic effect against root-rot pathogens. The antagonistic fungal isolates were identified as 6 isolates belong to the genus Aspergillus spp., 5 isolates belong to the genus Penicillium spp. and one isolate belong to the genus Chaetomium spp. Under greenhouse conditions, the obtained results in pot experiment using artificial infested soil with cucumber root-rot pathogens showed that the compost amended soil reduced the percentage of disease incidence, pathogenic fungi population, and improved the cucumber vegetative parameters as shoot length, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight. These results suggested that composts are consequently considered as control measure against cucumber root-rot pathogens.

In vitro tissue culture in breeding programs of leguminous pulses: use and current status

2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ileana Gatti ◽  
Fernanda Guindón ◽  
Carolina Bermejo ◽  
Andrea Espósito ◽  
Enrique Cointry
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
In Vitro Tissue Culture

DEVELOPMENT OF NEOLAMARCKIA CADAMBA (KELEMPAYAN) TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES FOR SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY OF PLANTING MATERIALS FOR COMMERCIAL PLANTATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Suhaila A. Rahman ◽  
Norwati Muhammad ◽  
Nor Hasnida Hassan ◽  
Haliza Ismail ◽  
Nazirah Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Commercial Plantation ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Neolamarckia cadamba (kelempayan) is a multipurpose and fast growing timber species. The tree is grown for timber, paper-making and as ornamental plant. It is reported that its barks and leaves possesed medicinal values and its flowers are used in perfumes. The species is also known to be suitable for plywood, packing case, toys and short-fibred pulp. Therefore, mass production of high quality planting material of N. cadamba is important to support plantation program of this species. Here we presented mass production of N. cadamba through tissue culture techniques. Nodal segments derived from in vitro germinated seeds were used and induced direct organogenesis to produce shoots and roots using MS media (1962) and plant growth regulators (BAP and IBA) that are relatively cheaper than previously used methods. The tissue culture technique of N. cadamba developed may help in ensuring supply of planting materials that are feasible for commercial plantation purposes.

scholarly journals A Technique for the Cultivation of Insect Tissues

1928 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
J. G. H. FREW
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blow Fly ◽  
In Vitro Tissue Culture ◽  
Successful Technique

In vitro tissue culture Is shown to be a possible mode of experimentation with the tissues of the Blow Fly larva. Methods are described- whereby the tissues, and the body fluids requisite as culture media may be obtained free from bacteria. The imperfections of the technique are noted and the conclusion reached that a successful technique must depend on the rearing of bacteria-free larvae, for which a method Is briefly outlined. It Is shown that progress in this part of the work must await further physiological knowledge, particularly in respect to the nature of the body fluids.

scholarly journals Effects of Bavistin and Cefotaxime on in vitro Contaminant free Shoot Regeneration of Ruellia tuberosa L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
PV Chaithanya Lakshmi ◽  
CM Narendra Reddy ◽  
B Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Low Concentrations

In general, antimicrobial agents are often used in micropropagation techniques to obtain contaminant free clones. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of bavistin and cefotaxime on producing contaminant free plants of Ruellia tuberosa cultured on MS supplemented with phytohormones. Field grown nodal explants of Ruellia tuberosa was used to regenerate entire plants via direct organogenesis. Among the decontaminants tested, the fungicide bavistin along with higher concentration of BAP (2.0 mg/l) and lower concentration of NAA (1.0 mg/l) was the most effective in regeneration and producing contaminant free shoots from cultured explants. This fungicide at 300 mg/l minimised fungal contamination with survival rate of 54%. While the addition of decontaminant cefotaxime at low concentration (200 mg/l) along with same concentration of BAP and NAA stimulated the bud formation and controlled the bacterial contamination. However, its increasing concentration adversely affected the survival rate of Ruellia tuberosa. These findings clearly showed that low concentrations of bavistin and cefotaxime were not only non-toxic but also facilitated bud regeneration. The results achieved showed the decisive role not only of the use of successful fungicides and antibiotics, but also of their sufficient doses were very important in reducing contamination and helping multiple shoot proliferation. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 31(1): 1-12, 2021 (June)

Developing Stress-Tolerant Plants Through In Vitro Tissue Culture: Family Brassicaceae

2018 ◽  
pp. 327-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelofer Jan ◽  
Hilal Ahmad Qazi ◽  
Salika Ramzan ◽  
Riffat John
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
In Vitro Tissue Culture ◽  
Tolerant Plants

scholarly journals The organization of the virus-tested planting material production for the grape varieties of the local and foreign selection in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Saule Kazybayeva ◽  
Svetlana Dolgikh ◽  
Shokan Kulshanov ◽  
Marina Urazayeva ◽  
Gulnaz Ushkempirova
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Genetic Stability ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Material Production ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Propagation Factor ◽  
Nutritional Medium ◽  
Grape Varieties

The intensification of viniculture involves the organization of the virus-tested planting material production, establishment of the basic parent plantings, certification of the virus-tested planting material with the control of genetic stability of the grape plants propagated in tissue culture. The modified nutritional medium was developed for microclonal propagation of vine in vitro with the content of the free amino acids: glycine and glutamine, increasing propagation factor up to 15% and the number of nodes on microplant up to 27%.

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