scholarly journals Field Performance of Conventional vs. in Vitro Propagules of Plantain (Musa spp., AAB Group)

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 862-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk R. Vuylsteke ◽  
Rodomiro Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Planting Material

In vitro-propagated plants of plantain (Musa spp., AAB group) did not manifest consistently superior horticultural performance compared to conventional propagules. Tissue culture plants grew vigorously and taller than sucker-propagated plants, but higher yield was not obtained, probably because of severe disease and suboptimal husbandry input. Phenotypic variation was higher in tissue culture plants, although this increase was not always statistically significant. There were no other detrimental effects of in vitro propagation on field performance. Botanical seed set rates for the two types of propagules were similar. The advantages of tissue-culture-derived plants as improved planting material would be most relevant for establishing field nurseries for further clean, conventional propagation of newly bred or selected genotypes.

scholarly journals Mass Production of Bananas and Plantains (Musa spp.) Plantlets through in vitro Tissue Culture Partway: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Eustache T. A. E. Agbadje ◽  
Arnaud Agbidinoukoun ◽  
Martine Zandjanakou-Tachin ◽  
Gilles T. H. Cacaï ◽  
Corneille Ahanhanzo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
In Vitro Tissue Culture ◽  
Planting Material

Bananas and plantains are among the most important food crops in Central and West Africa. Their plantation is lead to many problems. In the recent decades, biotechnology tools using in vitro culture technics are used for the mass and free disease plantlets production in order to increase the bananas production and the yield. The main way of in vitro tissue culture at this end is the direct organogenesis i.e., the ability of plant tissues to form various organs de novo by shoots or roots induction to differentiate from a cell or cell clusters. This review aims to summarize the main results obtained in the organogenesis of bananas and plantains (Musa spp.) under in vitro conditions and to identify the challenges during the process. The research articles used in this review show that micropropagation is a reliable alternative to conventional production system of bananas and plantains planting material. However, the use of the in vitro micropropagation for bananas and plantains entails choosing the optimal explant type and size according to objectives. Benzylaminopurine remains the preferred cytokinin for in vitro banana and plantain shoot proliferation, while the use of thidiazuron appears to be more and more common. Whichever cytokinin used, the optimal cytokinin concentration for shoot proliferation is genotype dependent. This review also focuses on the causes and control measures of the two major banana and plantain micropropagation constraints: lethal tissues browning/darkening and microbial contaminations. It showed that applying the suitable and available control measure, according to the evolution of culture, is necessary. All this available information on the in vitro conditions makes banana and plantain cultivars in vitro organogenesis possible.

Impact of In-vitro Propagation and Organic Farming Cultivation Practices of Artemisia annua L. on the Enhancement of Artemisinin Yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Ankit Agrawal ◽  
Anjana Sharma ◽  
Narmada P. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Leaf Yield

Background : Artemisia annua is well known for its anti-malarial bio-active compound artemisinin. Development of elite planting material of A. annua and its agro-technology can fulfill the requirement of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) dosages worldwide. Objectives: To develop an efficient in-vitro propagation protocol for A. annua and assess the field performance of in-vitro propagated plants for their growth and artemisinin yield. Methods: The in-vitro propagation protocol of A. annua was developed using the nodal segment in four steps viz: initiation, multiplication, rooting and hardening. In-vitro propagated plants were transplanted with open-pollinated seed raised plants in an experimental field trial having soil supplementation of Farm Yard Manure (FYM), vermicompost and NPK. Result: Maximum 92% shoots were initiated in Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) with 0.44 μM 6-benzyl aminopurine (BA) and highest 281.33 ± 09.75 micro-shoots/inoculum obtained in MS with 15.54 μM BA. The maximum number of roots was found in MS with 100 mg/L activated charcoal while 78.20% of plants survived in the sand: soil: vermicompost (1:1:1) mixture. The highest dry leaf yield (6.37 t/ha) was observed in in-vitro propagated plants grown with vermicompost, while highest artemisinin content (1.11 ± 0.10) and artemisinin yield (65.05 kg/ha) was found in the in-vitro propagated plants grown with FYM after 120 days of transplantation. Conclusion: This study reports an efficient, cost-effective and rapid in-vitro propagation protocol for A. annua as well as enhanced artemisinin yield through the cultivation of in-vitro propagated plants using organic soil supplement inputs. This would lead to an increase in the production of artemisinin yield and fulfill the demand of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT).

scholarly journals Rejuvenation of chicory and lettuce plants following phase change in tissue culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Conner ◽  
Helen Searle ◽  
Jeanne M. E. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
In Vitro Flowering ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture

Abstract Background A frequent problem associated with the tissue culture of Compositae species such as chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is the premature bolting to in vitro flowering of regenerated plants. Plants exhibiting such phase changes have poor survival and poor seed set upon transfer from tissue culture to greenhouse conditions. This can result in the loss of valuable plant lines following applications of cell and tissue culture for genetic manipulation. Results This study demonstrates that chicory and lettuce plants exhibiting stable in vitro flowering can be rejuvenated by a further cycle of adventitious shoot regeneration from cauline leaves. The resulting rejuvenated plants exhibit substantially improved performance following transfer to greenhouse conditions, with increased frequency of plant survival, a doubling of the frequency of plants that flowered, and substantially increased seed production. Conclusion As soon as in vitro flowering is observed in unique highly-valued chicory and lettuce lines, a further cycle of adventitious shoot regeneration from cauline leaves should be implemented to induce rejuvenation. This re-establishes a juvenile phase accompanied by in vitro rosette formation, resulting in substantially improved survival, flowering and seed set in a greenhouse, thereby ensuring the recovery of future generations from lines genetically manipulated in cell and tissue culture.

scholarly journals The organization of the virus-tested planting material production for the grape varieties of the local and foreign selection in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Saule Kazybayeva ◽  
Svetlana Dolgikh ◽  
Shokan Kulshanov ◽  
Marina Urazayeva ◽  
Gulnaz Ushkempirova
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Genetic Stability ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Material Production ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Propagation Factor ◽  
Nutritional Medium ◽  
Grape Varieties

The intensification of viniculture involves the organization of the virus-tested planting material production, establishment of the basic parent plantings, certification of the virus-tested planting material with the control of genetic stability of the grape plants propagated in tissue culture. The modified nutritional medium was developed for microclonal propagation of vine in vitro with the content of the free amino acids: glycine and glutamine, increasing propagation factor up to 15% and the number of nodes on microplant up to 27%.

scholarly journals IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF THE OSTRICH FERN (Matteuccia struthiopteris)

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIAN W. DYKEMAN ◽  
BRUCE G. CUMMING
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Adenine Sulphate ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Morphogenesis In Vitro ◽  
Half Strength

Methods were developed for the successful in vitro propagation of ostrich fern (Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Todaro) clones utilizing shoot tips derived by forcing lateral buds on the rhizome. Maximum shoot proliferation was attained with 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin) at 1.0 mg/L with half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) inorganic salts and sucrose, agar, NaH2PO4, adenine sulphate, i-inositol and thiamine∙HCl at 30 000, 4000, 85, 40, 100, 0.4 mg/L, respectively. Excellent frond and root development was achieved with half-strength MS salts and sucrose, agar, i-inositol and thiamine∙HCl at 7500, 4000, 100 and 0.4 mg/L, respectively. The methods developed were satisfactory for a cross section of clones. Morphogenesis in vitro was dependent on medium osmotic potential.Key words: Matteuccia struthiopteris, in vitro propagation, tissue culture, morphogenesis, fern (ostrich)

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of Manihot esculenta Crantz in alternative substrate: Ammonium nitrate, potassium bi phosphate, Zea mays extracts and soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
Duru Maduabuchi ◽  
◽  
Mbata Ikechukwu ◽  
Osikwe Keziah ◽  
Ukaoma Adamma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz

The study investigated an in vitro propagation of Manihot esculenta Crantz in a substituted substrate regime. The aim was to proffer and affordable alternative to the expensive high tech media formulations usually employed in tissue culture protocol. The experiment was conducted on laboratory bench, using standard tissue culture and micropropagation methods under aseptic conditions. The morphogenesis effect of the substrate was determined based on the integer number of explants’ callus and adventitious shoot regeneration. Results showed that MS + Agar, supported embryogenic callus formation with 38% viability, NH4NO3 + KH2PO4 + Agar, supported same with 29%. MS + 2, 4-D + BAP +Agar supported shoot establishment with 32%. While NH4NO3 + KH2PO4 + Zea mays extracts + Agar, did same with 43.26%. MS + Soil, supported callugenesis with 27% viability while NH4NO3 + KH2PO4 + Soil supported the callus establishment with 25%. MS + 2,4 - D + BAP + Soil, supported shoot establishment with 38.41% viability while NH4NO3 + KH2PO4 + Zea mays Extracts + Soil supported same with 36%. The application of crude Zea mays seedling extracts can serve as potent alternative to the synthetic 2, 4 – D and BAP, in in vitro somatic cell morphogenesis. NH4NO3 + KH2 + PO4 can substitute for the MS salt in the same protocol. Loamy top soil can be a good alternative to agar powder as gelling agent in cassava somatic cell embryogenesis and shoot regeneration. Keywords: Ammonium nitrate, Potassium biphosphate, MS salt, axillary meristem, morphogenesis.

scholarly journals Optimasi Konsentrasi Kinetin dan Benzyl Amino Purine Pada Kultur Tunas Vanili (Vanilla planifolia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Dyah Nuning Erawati ◽  
Yusriatul Mawaddah ◽  
Siti Humaida ◽  
Irma Wardati
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Vanilla has a potential to be developed through tissue culture techniques to anticipate the limitations of the parent plant as a source of planting material. The in vitro propagation ability of vanilla shoots needs to be controlled with the regulation of Kinetin and Benzyl Amino Purines. The interests of this study are 1) analysis of the response of vanilla explants at several Kinetin concentrations; 2) analysis of the response of vanilla explants at several concentrations of BAP and 3) analysis of the interaction of Kinetin and BAP on the response of vanilla explants to form shoot multiplication. The research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory Politeknik Negeri Jember from June to December 2020 using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Factor 1 was the Kinetin concentration of 0.0, 1.0, 2.0 mg.L-1 and the second factor was the concentration of BAP 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 mg.L-1. The results proved that the fastest shoot multiplication occurred on MS medium + Kinetin 2 mg.L-1 with a mean of 8.7 days after inoculation. The mean number of shoots was 7.6 shoots/explant with the highest average wet weight of 0.9 grams/explant at the addition of BAP 1.5 mg. L-1 at measurement 70 days after inoculation.

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