scholarly journals Thermo-economic Analysis of a Retrofit Small Scale Municipal Solid Waste Power Plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Barinyima Nkoi ◽  
Confidence Koate ◽  
Howells Idaerefagha Hart
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Saturation Pressure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Software Modeling ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Rivers State

This paper evaluates the thermo-economics of a retrofit small scale municipal solid waste (MSW)-fueled power plant in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The design parameters for the combustion chamber which utilizes mass combustion in stoker crate furnace is operated at steam saturation pressure of 38.2bar, with fuel consumption rate of 41.3tonnes/hr (11.88kg/s) and was selected for the amount of MSW generated in Port Harcourt metropolis. The data used to assess the availability of the fuel (MSW) were obtained from waste dumpsites controlled by Rivers State Waste Management Agency (RIWAMA). MATLAB Software modeling was used for the thermodynamic analysis to appropriately retrofit a steam turbine to the selected combustor and the result show that the optimal performance of the proposed MSW plant gives a net power output of 5.23MW.  The result further shows that heat in the steam entering the turbine is equivalent to 0.71MWh per tonnes of waste. Therefore, at 17.3% thermal efficiency of the proposed MSW plant, 0.13 MWh of electricity will be produced per tonnes of waste combusted. However, it is estimated that the plant may consume 15% of the electricity, which implies that 0.11MWh/tonne will be exported to the grid. Thus, as the plant is expected to process 340770.3tonnes/yr of MSW, the net electricity output of the proposed plant is estimated at 37.48GWh per year. The economic evaluations have shown that the Net present worth of the plant is $6395107.07 with a payback period of 7years for a 20years life cycle. This work thus indicates huge potentials in generating electrical energy and wealth from MSW in Port Harcourt and beyond with the use of cheap and readily available fuel from municipal solid waste.

scholarly journals Predicting the Quantity of Municipal Solid Waste Required for Power Generation Using Power Plant Design Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 1378 ◽  
pp. 032090
Author(s):  
R. A Ibikunle ◽  
I.F Titiladunayo ◽  
D. C Uguru-Okorie ◽  
C.O Osueke ◽  
A Olayanju
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Plant Design

Determination of Residual Heavy Metals in an Incinerator Bottom Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Power Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Woravith Chansuvarn
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Digestion Technique ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Copper Zinc

Bottom ash is a part of by-product from the municipal solid waste power plants which is always a wider problem for the urban and rural communities due to its disposal plants may cause serious environmental pollution. This work was focused on the residual heavy metal in an incinerator bottom ash from the municipal waste power plant placed in Nongkham district, Bangkok. Four bottom ash samples were obtained in 2017. After drying and grounding, the bottom ash samples were prepared to clear solution with the microwave digestion technique using nitric, hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid under the heating program. The total residual heavy metals in the incinerator bottom ashes, such as lead, copper, zinc, and cadmium were determined by using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) with deuterium background correction. The total concentration of lead, copper, zinc and cadmium were found in the range of 280.40-354.22mg kg-1, 365.35-524.45 mg kg-1, 1,527.25-2,074.34 mg kg-1, and 0.48-1.02 mg kg-1, respectively. The recovery of all metals was found in the range of 89.4-101.2% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was to be 2.15-3.55 % (n=7). The concentration of zinc, copper, and lead was found high levels, while cadmium was low concentration. Heavy metals in solid waste material occur in different chemical forms and phases. The sample preparation based on the microwave digestion was successfully developed for the waste samples with a good reliability.

Multi-criteria optimization and comparative performance analysis of a power plant fed by municipal solid waste using a gasifier or digester

2018 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 863-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirmohammad Behzadi ◽  
Ehsan Houshfar ◽  
Ehsan Gholamian ◽  
Mehdi Ashjaee ◽  
Ali Habibollahzade
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Comparative Performance

Construction and Evaluation of a Bituminous Roadway Constructed With Municipal Solid Waste Combustor Ash

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel P. Lucido ◽  
Willard Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Structural Testing ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Breathing Zone ◽  
Included Trial ◽  
Environmental Testing ◽  
The Road ◽  
Base Course

Abstract County State Aid Highway (CSAH) 13, located in Polk County Minnesota, was to be paved with 2.25 miles of new bituminous in October of 2000. Prior to the end of the 2000 construction season, a portion of one lane of the base course was installed, with the remainder to be completed in spring of 2001. The bituminous was amended with ash generated at the municipal solid waste combustor located in Fosston Minnesota. One third of the road was to be paved with traditional bituminous, one third was to be paved with bituminous in which a portion of the aggregate was replaced with “new” ash and one third was to be paved with bituminous in which a portion of the aggregate was replaced with “old” ash. “New” combustor ash is ash generated after the installation of an up-front materials recovery facility (MRF) and “old” combustor ash is ash generated before the installation of the MRF. Ash-amended bituminous was to be used in the base course and binder course of the pavement profile. Significant environmental and structural testing was performed prior to construction. Environmental and structural testing was also performed simultaneously with the construction process. Environmental testing completed in 2000 included: analysis of stack emissions from the bituminous plant, evaluation of breathing zone particulates at the bituminous plant, and analysis of surface water runoff from the ash-amended bituminous. Structural testing included trial mix design parameters. The road was also instrumented to collect water that may infiltrate through the ash-amended bituminous. Environmental testing to be completed in 2001 includes: evaluation of impacts to soils adjacent to the roadway and evaluation of infiltration water collected in the under-pavement collectors. Post-construction pavement testing is also to be completed in 2001. This paper presents the initial results of environmental and structural testing as well as construction issues.

Lee County Resource Recovery Facility Expansion Project

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam M. Rosania
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Boiler Unit ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lee County ◽  
Boiler Units

Municipal solid waste from Lee County and Hendry County is processed at the Lee County Solid Waste Resource Recovery Facility (the “Facility”). Lee County (the “County”) owns the Facility, which began commercial operation in December 1994. The Facility’s current permitted capacity is 1,320 tons per day (tpd), provided by two 660-tpd boiler units, at a reference waste of 5,000 Btu. Covanta Energy of Lee, Inc. operates and maintains the Facility under the terms of a Service Agreement with the County that runs through 2014. Covanta also designed and constructed the Facility. The expansion of this Facility will be the first new construction of a municipal waste combustion (MWC) unit since the New Source Performance Standards were adopted. Despite the County’s comprehensive recycling program, the amount of solid waste the County delivers to the Facility has increased each year since the Facility began operation, primarily due to population growth. In 1999, this amount reached the Facility’s guaranteed annual capacity of 372,300 tons. In 2000, the Facility processed over 392,000 tons of municipal solid waste, while the County landfilled nearly 44,000 additional tons of processible waste. Current population projections for Lee and Hendry Counties suggest that processible solid waste generation will continue to increase, reaching nearly 550,000 tons by 2010. Rather than landfilling processible waste generated in excess of the Facility’s current capacity, it is the County’s intention to expand the Facility by adding a third 660-tpd boiler unit which would increase the Facility’s permitted capacity to 1,980-tpd. The original application for the Facility’s Power Plant Site Certification anticipated such an expansion, including provisions for a third 660-tpd MWC unit. Certain provisions for this third unit were incorporated into the Facility’s design and construction as well. These included providing the physical space for the third unit, the physical space for an additional flue for the third unit, and sizing the tipping floor, refuse pit, and certain common equipment for three units. The expansion will require a second turbine-generator unit and expanded switchyard, an extension to the existing turbine-generator building, as well as the addition of a third boiler unit and air pollution control equipment. The expansion will also require modifications to certain equipment and systems common to all boiler units in order to meet the additional capacity requirements of the expanded Facility. As of February 2003, the County is waiting for the Florida Department of Environmental Protection to issue a draft PSD Air Permit and is on scheduled to go before the Power Plant Siting Board in September 2003.

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