scholarly journals PREDICTIVE DEFINITION OF THE SEVERITY OF CLOSED CHEST AND ABDOMINAL TRAUMA CAUSED BY SHOTS FROM 12-GAUGE "FORT-500" RIFLES WITH SHOCK-TRAUMATIC BULLETS OF "TEREN-12P" CARTRIDGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.M. Hurov ◽  
V.V. Sapielkin ◽  
V.V. Shcherbak ◽  
D.B. Hladkykh ◽  
D.O. Lys
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Blunt Injury ◽  
Initial Speed ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Closed Chest ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Firing Distance

Objective – the predictive definition of the severity of closed chest and abdominal traumaaccording to the reduced AIS injury scale when firing at various distances from "Fort-500" rifles with shock-traumatic bullets of "Teren-12P" cartridges, depending on theirballistic and energetic characteristics in contact with the human body.Material and methods. To establish the speed of bullets of cartridges "Teren-12P" atvarious distances of the shot in the conditions of KhNSC «Hon. Prof. M. S. BokariusForensic Science Institute» experimental shots from the "Fort-500A" and "Fort-500M1"pump-action guns were conducted. In total, two series of 25 shots were fired from eachgun. The values of the velocities of the bullets at the moment of the firing were measuredusing optoelectronic complexes. The determination of the parameters of the trajectory ofthe flight of bullets was carried out by a combined method by means of calculations basedon the results of experimental shots. The obtained data were processed using licensedMicrosoft Excel spreadsheets.Results. According to the research results, it has been found that the ballistic coefficient of the bullet of the "Teren-12P" cartridge is 47.3 kg/m2. This made it possible to determinethe ranges of minimum and maximum speeds of bullets at different shooting distances.Analysis of the data showed that in some cases the speed of bullets at a distance of 3.5m significantly exceeded the speed range declared by the manufacturer of the cartridges.According to the calculated values, according to the literature data, the graphs of thedistribution of the BC blunt injury criterion and the reduced AIS damage scale wereplotted depending on the distance of the shot for the minimum and maximum bullet speedsof the "Teren-12P" cartridges. According to the graphs, when the "Teren-12P" bulletsare fired at their maximum speeds, there is a 50% risk of a closed chest and abdominalinjury according to AIS -2 – AIS-3 at all distances up to 50 m. Even at minimum bulletspeeds cartridges "Teren-12P" there is a 50% risk of formation of a closed abdominaltrauma according to AIS-2 – AIS-3 with shots from a distance of up to 40 m, and chestinjuries – up to 30 m. Closed trauma to these areas of the body according to AIS-4 can bepredictably caused by shots from a distance of up to 10 m.Conclusions. A significant range of variability in the initial speeds of elastic bullets canlead to an incorrect expert estimate of the firing distance due to the fact that similargunshot wounds can be caused by both a bullet with a high initial speed from a longrange of a shot and a bullet with a low initial speed from a close firing distance. Whenthe "Teren-12P" bullets are fired from "Fort-500" rifles, there is a 50 % risk of a closedchest and abdominal injury according to AIS -2 – AIS-3 at all shooting distances up to50 m. Chest and abdominal injuries according to AIS -4 can be predictably caused whenfired from distances up to 10 m. The results obtained can be used in carrying out complexforensic examinations in cases of the use of "Teren-12P" cartridges.

Arrangement of the systemic and pulmonary venous components of the atrial chambers in hearts with isomeric atrial appendages

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jee-Yeon Min ◽  
Chi-Yon Kim ◽  
Mee Hye Oh ◽  
Yi Kyeong Chun ◽  
Yeon-Lim Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operative Management ◽  
The Body ◽  
Compound Structure ◽  
Left Isomerism ◽  
Right Isomerism ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractBackgroundThe morphological definition of atrial chambers, and the determination of atrial laterality, are based on analysis of the structure of the atrial appendages. The systemic and pulmonary venous connections to the heart, nonetheless, are important in the management of patients having isomeric appendages. In this study, therefore, we analysed the morphology of the postero-superior walls of the atrial chambers so as to provide evidence concerning the morphogenetic background of those hearts, and to improve operative management.MethodsWe reviewed 15 autopsied specimens with isomeric right appendages, and 10 with isomeric left appendages, paying particular attention to the morphology of the systemic and pulmonary venous connections. The postero-superior walls of the atrial chambers can be made up of the atrial body, the systemic venous components, or the pulmonary venous component. We analysed the contributions made by each of these components.ResultsThe postero-superior walls of the atrial chambers were markedly variable, but could be grouped into five patterns. Bilaterally well-developed systemic venous components and absence of the pulmonary venous component within the hypoplastic atrial body were present in 9 hearts with extracardiac pulmonary venous connections in the setting of right isomerism. Bilaterally well-developed systemic venous components, and a hypoplastic pulmonary venous component within the hypoplastic atrial body, were present in 5 hearts with intracardiac pulmonary venous connections in right isomerism. Bilaterally well-developed systemic venous components, and a hypoplastic pulmonary venous component within the sizable atrial body, were present in 1 heart with an intracardiac pulmonary venous connection in right isomerism. A well-developed pulmonary venous component within the atrial body, and hypoplasia of one systemic venous component, were present in 7 hearts with left isomerism. A well-developed pulmonary venous component within the atrial body, and hypoplasia of bilateral systemic venous components, were present in 3 hearts with left isomerism.ConclusionsThe postero-superior walls of the atrial chambers in hearts with isomeric atrial appendages can be analysed on the basis of a compound structure made of bilateral systemic venous components, a central pulmonary venous component, and the body of the atrium. Hearts with isomeric right appendages have absence or hypoplasia of the pulmonary venous component, while hearts with isomeric left appendages have hypoplastic systemic venous components.

scholarly journals Magnitude Scales in Central Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kaviris ◽  
P. Papadimitriou ◽  
K. Makropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Body Wave ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Moment Magnitude ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Gulf Of Corinth ◽  
Duration Magnitude ◽  
The Moment

The Gulf of Corinth is one of the most active tectonic rifts around the world. Data used in the present study are obtained by the four digital stations of the Cornet Network which was installed in 1995 around the Eastern Gulf of Corinth. A velocity model was calculated, while the majority of local events were located within the Gulf of Corinth. Main scope of the study is the determination of a reliable earthquake magnitude. Concerning the duration magnitude Mo, a multiple linear regression technique was developed for the determination of the constants α, β and γ with very satisfactory values of errors. The coefficient of determination (goodness of fit) R2 was found equal to 0.99. Following, the moment magnitude Mw, which is considered to be the most reliable magnitude scale, was determined. Spectral analysis was applied for the calculation of the seismic moment M0 and a seismic catalogue was created. After the determination of the moment magnitude Mw and of the duration magnitude MD for the same dataset, a relationship between them was obtained, according to which Mw is systematically larger than Mjy Relationships between these magnitudes, the local magnitude ML and the body wave magnitude mb  were also obtained.

scholarly journals Post-Newtonian treatise on the rotational motion of a finite body

1986 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Rigid Body ◽  
Angular Acceleration ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
Finite Body ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of

The definition of the angular momentum of a finite body is given in the post-Newtonian framework. The non-rotating and the rigidly rotating proper reference frame(PRF)s attached to the body are introduced as the basic coordinate systems. The rigid body in the post-Newtonian framework is defined as the body resting in a rigidly rotating PRF of the body. The feasibility of this rigidity is assured by assuming suitable functional forms of the density and the stress tensor of the body. The evaluation of the time variation of the angular momentum in the above two coordinate systems leads to the post-Newtonian Euler's equation of motion of a rigid body. The distinctive feature of this equation is that both the moment of inertia and the torque are functions of the angular velocity and the angular acceleration. The obtained equation is solved for a homogeneous spheroid suffering no torque. The post-Newtonian correction to the Newtonian free precession is a linear combination of the second, fourth and sixth harmonics of the precessional frequency. The relative magnitude of the correction is so small as of order of 10−23 in the case of the Earth.

FEATURES OF MORAL HARM RESEARCH IN CRIMINAL PROCESS

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 401-406
Author(s):  
M. O. Zhuravleva
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Psychological Examination ◽  
Procedural Code ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of

The paper considers contradictions which arise after entering amendments in 2014 into article 242 of the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine, in which an obligatory appointment of psychological examination for the determination of moral harm amount in criminal trial is allocated. The thought on inexpediency of appointment of the person moral sufferings examination within the limits of criminal proceedings on the basis ofsuch positions is subtatiated: 1) before pronouncement of a court sentence on criminal proceedings a person’s guilt is not proved, in this case forensic psychological examination will be based on not proved premise - possibility of guilt which conflicts to an innocence presumption according to the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The expert conclusion is one of procedural sources ofproofs. Carrying out forensic psychological examination of moral harm within criminal proceedings, the expert, being based on the inadmissible assumption of guilty, creates the proof; 2) if the question of moral sufferings presence is considered within criminal proceedings, the fact of absence of the claimantfault has to be established by the court along with definition of the respondent fault degree; 3) pronouncement of a court sentence with definition of the parties guilty degree is an important point for definitive qualitative and quantitative formalizing moral sufferings. At the stage «before a sentence» the psychological trauma has not been yet led to the fullforming ofmoral sufferings, therefore during carrying out psychological research on the materials of criminal proceedings the amount of compensation should be defined only as "a preliminary"; 4) for the determination of the depth and heaviness of the person’s sufferings a psychologist needs to conduct a research only in 1 yearfrom the moment of injuring events (the person should go through stages of distress after losing close relative, to be treated and feel consequences at health damage).

scholarly journals Walking stability of Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius, 1792) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-576
Author(s):  
E. M. Pires ◽  
R. M. Nogueira ◽  
D. S. Pina ◽  
C. L. M. Manica ◽  
L. R. A. Faroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Stable Species ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Abstract Results obtained in studies can contribute to the advancement of science and innovative methods and techniques for developing practical activities. Reporting conditions that may restrict the implementation of research is critical to ensure the optimal development of further technical studies. The objective of this study was to assess the walking stability of R. dominica on a flat and smooth surface. The study was based on the determination of mortality, morphology and walking stability of the insect outside the grain mass, on a flat and smooth surface. Mortality of adults of this Coleoptera in conditions with and without food was similar, which explains the difficulty that this insect had for accessing the food source on the flat and smooth surface. The measurements of body length (BOL), width (BOW) and height (BOH) of R. dominica were compared with those of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), which showed good ability to walk in these conditions. This study indicated that the former presents lower BOL and BOW, and greater BOH than the second, and all these variables showed differences when analyzed simultaneously by means of the construction of multivariate morphometric indices (Width × Height, Length × Height and Height × Length × Width). These morphometric variables, together with the definition of the geometry most similar to the body shape, resulted in determination of the center of gravity (CG) and static rollover threshold (SRTgeom) for both species. Rhyzopertha dominica and T. castaneum presented CGs considered high and low, respectively, and together with the values obtained for SRTgeom, may justify that R. dominica can be considered a less stable species during movement, and presents greater risk of rollover on flat and smooth surfaces.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE DYNAMIC TORQUE OF THE RESISTANCE OF THE DRIVE SHAFT OF THE REPLACING MACHINE FORMED BY THE MOVEMENT OF THE BULK ENVIRONMENT IN THE WORK TANK

2021 ◽  
Vol 297 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Mark ZALYUBOVSKYI ◽  
◽  
Viktor MALYSHEV ◽  
Igor PANASYUK ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Building ◽  
Drive Shaft ◽  
Dynamic Component ◽  
Sharp Edges ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Moment Of Resistance ◽  
Working Tank

Galvanizing technological operations include the processes of cleaning the surfaces of parts from burrs, burrs, bumps and scale, corrosion products, rounding of sharp edges, separation of parts from castings, as well as processes to improve the quality of product surfaces: grinding or polishing. These technological operations are implemented using different types of equipment: vibrating, rotary and spindle machines, rotating drums, etc. The most promising are considered to be machines with complex spatial movement of working tanks. Analytical researches of definition of dynamic moment of resistance of a driving shaft of the shredding machine on the basis of laws of movement of loose mass in the middle of working capacity are carried out. The positions of the moving parts of the machine and the bulk array in the middle of the tank, which correspond to the maximum dynamic component of the moment of resistance on the drive shaft created by the bulk array loaded to the working tank. An expression is obtained to calculate the value of the dynamic component of the moment of resistance on the drive shaft of the machine, created by the bulk array loaded to the working tank. The obtained research results can be used by the relevant machine-building enterprises at the stage of designing galvanizing types of equipment with tanks performing complex spatial motion.

scholarly journals Tax monitoring as a method of digitalization of tax administration in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-39
Author(s):  
Elena Vladimirovna Berezina ◽  
Anna Sergeevna Balandina ◽  
Ol'ga Svyatoslavovna Belomyttseva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Taxation System

This article presents a historical overview of the emergence of tax monitoring in the Russian Federation, as well as the analysis of its peculiarities within the context of trends of global taxation practice. Modern nations apply new approaches to tax administration, but commonly emerging and practically established ideas do not receive due scientific research. The object of this research is the process of digitalization of tax administration based on Russian and foreign experience. The subject of this research is the theoretical aspects of tax monitoring, as well as historical analysis of the emergence of a new format of interaction between tax administration and taxpayers in Russia and global practice. The goal of this work is to determine the role and importance of tax monitoring within taxation system of the Russian Federation, as well definition of tax monitoring as the means of digitalization of tax administration. The scientific novelty of this work consists in the comprehensive research of implementation of tax monitoring from the moment of its emergence in the global practice of taxation and determination of its essential features, which allowed concluding on incorrectness of legislator’s definition of tax monitoring as a form of tax control, and call for legislative definition of the concept of “tax administration”, as well as amending the Taxation Code of the Russian Federation for clarification of the status of taxpayers, who transitioned to the digital model of tax administration. The results of this research can be used in development of amendments to the legislation and criteria for assessing efficiency of tax monitoring.

Part 1 Refugees, 3 Determination of Refugee Status: Analysis and Application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goodwin-Gill Guy S ◽  
McAdam Jane ◽  
Dunlop Emma
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Formal Definition ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Status Analysis ◽  
Legal Consequences

This chapter discusses the determination of refugee status. The legal consequences that flow from the formal definition of refugee status are necessarily predicated upon determination by some or other authority that the individual or group in question satisfies the relevant legal criteria. In principle, a person becomes a refugee at the moment when he or she satisfies the definition, so that determination of status is declaratory, rather than constitutive. However, while the question of whether an individual is a refugee may be a matter of fact, whether or not he or she is a refugee within the 1951 Convention, and benefits from refugee status, is a matter of law. Problems arise where States decline to determine refugee status, or where States and the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) reach different determinations.

scholarly journals The unborn child: history, philosophy and religion

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (34) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Maria Casandra Lucan
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Unborn Child ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Philosophy And Religion ◽  
Exact Determination ◽  
Exact Moment ◽  
The Moment

Abstract All throughout history the unborn, and implicitly its protection, have been subject for academics and practitioners of various areas. The problem of the origin of the soul and the exact determination of the moment when it is united with the body was crucial in enabling us to define the exact moment when the human life begins, and, consequently, for providing proper protection for the unborn child. In this context visions of the Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Albertus Magnus and Thomas Aquinas, and of the Latin writer Tertullian, as well as Christian perspectives were analysed in order to identify the starting point of the human being to help determine the level of protection provided for the unborn in history. Finally, considering the fact that not even today has consensus been achieved concerning the beginning of human life, it was and still is difficult to provide proper legal protection for the unborn child, but in our opinion this is by far not impossible.

scholarly journals Controversy in the Determination of Death: The Definition and Moment of Death

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-380
Author(s):  
Frederick J. White
Keyword(s):  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Deceased Donor ◽  
Determination Of Death ◽  
Bodily Integrity ◽  
Donor Organ ◽  
Definition Of Death ◽  
Dead Donor Rule ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of

This essay reviews recent controversy in the determination of death, with particular attention to the definition and moment of death. Definitions of death have evolved from the intuitive to the pathophysiologic and the medicolegal. Many United States jurisdictions have codified the definition of death relying on guidance from the Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA). Flaws in the structure of the UDDA have led to misunderstanding of the physiologic nature of death and methods for the determination of death, resulting in a bifurcated concept of death as either circulatory/respiratory or neurologic. The practice of organ donation after circulatory determination of death (DCDD) raises a number of ethical questions, most prominently revolving around the moment of death and manifested as an expedited time to determination of death, a departure from the unitary concept of death, a violation of the dead donor rule, and a challenge to the standard of irreversibility. Attempts to redefine the determination of death from an irreversibility standard to a permanence standard have significant impact on the social contract upon which deceased donor organ transplantation rests, and must entail broad societal examination. The determination of death is best reached by a clear, strict, and uniform irreversibility standard. In deceased donor organ transplantation, the interests of the donor as a person are paramount, and no interest of organ recipients or of the greater society can justify negation of the rights and bodily integrity of the person who is a donor, nor conversion of the altruism of giving into the calculus of taking.

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