scholarly journals Effect of Lipin as a basis of liposomal Lipoflavon on the functional state of kidneys in rats under a model of pathology

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3 (71)) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. M. Horoshko
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Equivalent Dose ◽  
Single Application ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Lipin as part of Lipoflavon on renal function in animals under conditions of glycerol model of nephropathy was analysed. As a result, it was determined that after a single application, Lipoflavon can improve the renal function under conditions of acute renal failure. At the same time Lipin in equivalent dose of that in Lipoflavon does not influence the renal function.

scholarly journals Low-Dose Aminophylline for the Treatment of Neonatal Non-Oliguric Renal Failure—Case Series and Review of the Literature

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Bethany A. Lynch ◽  
Peter Gal ◽  
J. Laurence Ransom ◽  
Rita Q. Carlos ◽  
Mary Ann V.T. Dimaguila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Oliguric Renal Failure ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE Aminophylline is a methylxanthine with multiple physiologic actions. At low doses, aminophylline can antagonize adenosine and improve renal function via increased glomerular filtration rate. Despite its clinical use, little data exists in neonates for this indication. Therefore, the objective of this report is to describe the impact of aminophylline on renal function indices in a series of neonates with acute renal failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective chart review of 13 neonates with acute renal failure who received aminophylline during a 15-month study period. Aminophylline was administered at 1 mg/kg intravenously or orally every twelve hours. Forty-six percent (n = 6) of the patients received a 5 mg/kg loading dose before initiation of maintenance therapy. Most patients had already received other treatments for renal failure, including diuretics and dopamine. RESULTS Resolution of acute renal failure (with normalization of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen) was documented in 10 patients (77%). Four of the thirteen patients died from complications due to their prematurity. Failure of low-dose aminophylline was observed in 3 of the 4 patients who died. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose aminophylline in neonates with acute renal failure is associated with an improvement in renal function indices.

The Impact of Mild Renal Dysfunction on Postoperative Mortality in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 743-747
Author(s):  
Mary-Margaret Brandt ◽  
Anthony Falvo ◽  
H. Mathilda Horst
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
The Impact

The negative impact of mild to moderate renal dysfunction on patient outcome is often underestimated. Any amount of renal dysfunction is deleterious in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). We evaluated all surgery patients admitted to our SICU. We identified two groups of patients: no renal failure and acute renal failure. A total of 5152 patients were included in this study. There were 1259 patients in the acute renal failure group. The average number of ventilator days increased by 2.2 for every increase of creatinine by 1.0. Patients who required dialysis stayed an average of 11 days longer than patients who did not have any renal failure. For every increase of creatinine by 1.0, average cost increased by $23,048. Only 7 per cent of the patients with acute renal failure required dialysis (n = 85). The odds ratio for mortality compared with those patients without renal failure was 7.06 (confidence interval, 3.91–12.76) regardless of the definition of renal failure. This study demonstrates that even mild to moderate renal failure increases mortality. Moreover, we demonstrated that even a mild decline in renal function increases length of stay, ventilator days, and cost in patients in the SICU. Aggressive vigilance in the prevention of any loss of renal function is warranted in the SICU.

scholarly journals Hemorheology and renal function during cardiopulmonary bypass in infants

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Dittrich ◽  
Max Priesemann ◽  
Thomas Fischer ◽  
Wolfgang Boettcher ◽  
Christian Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Tubular Damage ◽  
Extra Corporeal Circulation ◽  
The Impact

Background: Acute renal failure is an occasional complication after cardiopulmonary bypass in infants. Whereas it is well known that postoperative hemodynamics inflict acute renal failure, the influence of extra-corporeal circulation on the kidney is less clear. Moreover, changes in blood viscosity occur during and after surgery, which may influence renal dysfunction. For this reason, we investigated the impact of blood viscosity on renal function during cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: In 34 patients weighting less than 10 kg, we performed repeated analysis of urine, blood, and plasma viscosity. Results: Polyuria and proteinuria that appeared during cardiopulmonary bypass indicated an elevated transglomerular filtration gradient, which recovered within 24 hours. The appearance of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase in the urine, and elevated excretion of sodium, were additionally indicative of mild tubular damage. Elevation of blood viscosity during hypothermic perfusion showed a statistical correlation with proteinuria and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidaseuria. With hypothermia, the relation of blood viscosity to plasma viscosity became stronger, while the relation to the hematocrit decreased compared to normothermia. Conclusions: During cardiopulmonary bypass perfusion, the kidney can be stressed by proteinuria and mild tubular damage. Our data provide evidence that the kidneys can be protected by improved blood viscosity during cardioplegia, but this needs confirmation in a prospective interventional study.

Plasma D Dimer: A Useful Marker of Fibrin Breakdown in Renal Failure

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (03) ◽  
pp. 522-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P Gordge ◽  
R W Faint ◽  
P B Rylance ◽  
H Ireland ◽  
D A Lane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
D Dimer

SummaryD dimer and other large fragments produced during the breakdown of crosslinked fibrin may be measured by enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies. In 91 patients with renal disease and varying degrees of renal dysfunction, plasma D dimer showed no correlation with renal function, whereas FgE antigen, a fibrinogen derivative which is known to be cleared in part by the kidney, showed a significant negative correlation with creatinine clearance. Plasma concentrations of D dimer were, however, increased in patients with chronic renal failure (244 ± 3l ng/ml) (mean ± SEM) and diabetic nephropathy (308 ± 74 ng/ml), when compared with healthy controls (96 ± 13 ng/ml), and grossly elevated in patients with acute renal failure (2,451 ± 1,007 ng/ml). The results indicate an increase in fibrin formation and lysis, and not simply reduced elimination of D dimer by the kidneys, and are further evidence of activated coagulation in renal disease. D dimer appears to be a useful marker of fibrin breakdown in renal failure.

Effect of Curcuma longa and Galega orientalis on renal function in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus and acute renal failure

2019 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Р.И. Айзман ◽  
А.П. Козлова ◽  
Е.И. Гордеева ◽  
М.С. Головин ◽  
Г.А. Корощенко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Galega Orientalis

Цель - исследование влияния куркумы длинной и галеги восточной на осмо- и ионорегулирующую функции почек крыс при аллоксан-индуцированном сахарном диабете и острой почечной недостаточности в эксперименте. Методика. Эксперименты выполнены на самцах крыс Wistar (n=70) с моделью сахарного диабета (1-я серия) и острой почечной недостаточности (2-я серия). В обеих сериях животные были поделены на 3 группы: крыс 1-й группы содержали на стандартном корме, крысам остальных групп в корм добавляли куркуму (2-я группа) или галегу (3-я группа) (2% от массы корма). На 7-е сут эксперимента проводили исследование диуретической и ионоуретической функций почек натощак и после 5% водной нагрузки. Концентрацию ионов в моче и плазме определяли методом пламенной фотометрии; осмотическую концентрацию биологических жидкостей - методом криоскопии; биохимические показатели крови - колориметрическим методом. Результаты. У животных с сахарным диабетом фоновый диурез, а также экскреция натрия и калия были статистически значимо выше, чем у контрольных животных. При острой почечной недостаточности наблюдался более низкий уровень диуреза и ионоуреза, особенно после водной нагрузки. Прием куркумы и галеги вызывал улучшение осмо- и ионорегулирующей функции почек у крыс с сахарным диабетом, и практически не влиял на эти функции почек при острой почечной недостаточности. Заключение. При сахарном диабете оба фитопрепарата вызывали понижение концентрации глюкозы, креатинина, мочевины и улучшение ионно-осмотических показателей плазмы крови, при этом эффект куркумы был выражен отчетливее. При острой почечной недостаточности эти фитопрепараты не давали описанного эффекта. Aim. To study effects of the phytomedicines, Curcuma longa and Galega orientalis, on osmosis- and ion-regulating renal functions in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus (DM) and acute renal failure (ARF). Methods. Experiments were performed in two series on Wistar male rats (n=70) with modeled diabetes mellitus (series 1) and acute renal failure (series 2). In each series, the animals were divided into 3 groups, 1) rats of group 1 receiving a standard diet; 2) rats of groups 2 and 3 receiving a standard diet supplemented with turmeric or galega (2% of food weight), respectively. On the 7th day of the experiment, the diuretic and ionuretic renal function was studied in fasting state and after 5% water loading. Concentrations of ions in urine and plasma were determined by flame photometry; osmotic concentrations of biological fluids were measured by cryoscopy; blood biochemical parameters were measured by colorimetry. Results. In diabetic rats, background diuresis and sodium and potassium excretion were significantly higher than in the control animals. In rats with acute renal failure, diuresis and ionuresis were significantly lower, particularly after the water loading. Turmeric and galega supplementation improved the osmotic and ion-regulating renal function in diabetic rats and left practically unchanged these functions in rats with acute renal failure. Conclusion. In rats with diabetes mellitus, both herbal remedies reduced concentrations of glucose, creatinine, and urea and improved ion-osmotic parameters of blood plasma with a more pronounced effect of turmeric. In acute renal failure, these phytomedicines did not produce the described effects.

scholarly journals Predictors of Postoperative Acute Renal Failure after Noncardiac Surgery in Patients with Previously Normal Renal Function

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 892-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Kheterpal ◽  
Kevin K. Tremper ◽  
Michael J. Englesbe ◽  
Michael O’Reilly ◽  
Amy M. Shanks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
Noncardiac Surgery ◽  
Intraoperative Management ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Calculated Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Preoperative Predictors

Background The authors investigated the incidence and risk factors for postoperative acute renal failure after major noncardiac surgery among patients with previously normal renal function. Methods Adult patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery with a preoperative calculated creatinine clearance of 80 ml/min or greater were included in a prospective, observational study at a single tertiary care university hospital. Patients were followed for the development of acute renal failure (defined as a calculated creatinine clearance of 50 ml/min or less) within the first 7 postoperative days. Patient preoperative characteristics and intraoperative anesthetic management were evaluated for associations with acute renal failure. Thirty-day, 60-day, and 1-yr all-cause mortality was also evaluated. Results A total of 65,043 cases between 2003 and 2006 were reviewed. Of these, 15,102 patients met the inclusion criteria; 121 patients developed acute renal failure (0.8%), and 14 required renal replacement therapy (0.1%). Seven independent preoperative predictors were identified (P < 0.05): age, emergent surgery, liver disease, body mass index, high-risk surgery, peripheral vascular occlusive disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease necessitating chronic bronchodilator therapy. Several intraoperative management variables were independent predictors of acute renal failure: total vasopressor dose administered, use of a vasopressor infusion, and diuretic administration. Acute renal failure was associated with increased 30-day, 60-day, and 1-yr all-cause mortality. Conclusions Several preoperative predictors previously reported to be associated with acute renal failure after cardiac surgery were also found to be associated with acute renal failure after noncardiac surgery. The use of vasopressor and diuretics is also associated with acute renal failure.

scholarly journals Renal function following acute renal failure in childhood: A long term follow-up study

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen N. Georgaki-Angelaki ◽  
David B. Steed ◽  
Cyril Chantler ◽  
George B. Haycock
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Oestrogen protects against ischaemic acute renal failure in rats by suppressing renal endothelin-1 overproduction

2002 ◽  
Vol 103 (s2002) ◽  
pp. 434S-437S ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori TAKAOKA ◽  
Mikihiro YUBA ◽  
Toshihide FUJII ◽  
Mamoru OHKITA ◽  
Yasuo MATSUMURA
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Ischaemia Reperfusion

We investigated whether the treatment with 17β-oestradiol has renal protective effects in male rats with ischaemic acute renal failure (ARF). We also examined if the effect of 17β-oestradiol is accompanied by suppression of enhanced endothelin-1 production in postischaemic kidneys. Ischaemic ARF was induced by clamping the left renal artery and vein for 45min followed by reperfusion, 2 weeks after contralateral nephrectomy. Renal function parameters such as blood urea nitrogen, plasma creatinine and creatinine clearance were measured to test the effectiveness of the steroid hormone. Renal function in ARF rats markedly decreased 24h after reperfusion. The ischaemia/reperfusion-induced renal dysfunction was dose-dependently improved by pretreatment with 17β-oestradiol (20 or 100µg/kg, intravenously). Histopathological examination of the kidney of untreated ARF rats revealed severe lesions, such as tubular necrosis, proteinaceous casts in tubuli and medullary congestion, all of which were markedly improved by the higher dose of 17β-oestradiol. In addition, endothelin-1 content in the kidney after the ischaemia/reperfusion increased significantly by approx. 2-fold over sham-operated rats, and this elevation was dose-dependently suppressed by the 17β-oestradiol treatment. These results suggest that oestrogen exhibits protective effects against renal dysfunction and tissue injury induced by ischaemia/reperfusion, possibly through the suppression of endothelin-1 overproduction in postischaemic kidneys.

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