scholarly journals Low-Dose Aminophylline for the Treatment of Neonatal Non-Oliguric Renal Failure—Case Series and Review of the Literature

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Bethany A. Lynch ◽  
Peter Gal ◽  
J. Laurence Ransom ◽  
Rita Q. Carlos ◽  
Mary Ann V.T. Dimaguila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Oliguric Renal Failure ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE Aminophylline is a methylxanthine with multiple physiologic actions. At low doses, aminophylline can antagonize adenosine and improve renal function via increased glomerular filtration rate. Despite its clinical use, little data exists in neonates for this indication. Therefore, the objective of this report is to describe the impact of aminophylline on renal function indices in a series of neonates with acute renal failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective chart review of 13 neonates with acute renal failure who received aminophylline during a 15-month study period. Aminophylline was administered at 1 mg/kg intravenously or orally every twelve hours. Forty-six percent (n = 6) of the patients received a 5 mg/kg loading dose before initiation of maintenance therapy. Most patients had already received other treatments for renal failure, including diuretics and dopamine. RESULTS Resolution of acute renal failure (with normalization of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen) was documented in 10 patients (77%). Four of the thirteen patients died from complications due to their prematurity. Failure of low-dose aminophylline was observed in 3 of the 4 patients who died. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose aminophylline in neonates with acute renal failure is associated with an improvement in renal function indices.

scholarly journals Pseudoseptic Arthritis: A Case Series and Review of the Literature

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian P. Oppermann ◽  
Jonida K. Cote ◽  
Stephanie J. Morris ◽  
Thomas Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Pseudoseptic Arthritis

Purpose. Pseudoseptic arthritis is an acute inflammatory monoarthritis with a sterile synovial gram stain and culture. Pseudoseptic arthritis has been previously described in the literature in a variety of settings including rheumatoid arthritis and microcrystalline disease. Despite pseudoseptic arthritis being a described entity, there is little published data on this topic with no published reports since 1992.Methods. This paper was a retrospective chart review over a 20-year period that identified all rheumatology inpatient consultations at our tertiary rural hospital for pseudoseptic arthritis.Results. We identified 10 patients with pseudoseptic arthritis and presented 5 of those cases in this paper. Majority of these patients had known autoimmune inflammatory arthritis or microcrystalline inflammatory arthritis.Conclusion. Pseudoseptic arthritis is a syndrome that should be in the differential diagnosis with patients with long standing inflammatory condition who present with an acute monoarthritis with no known bacterial source for septic arthritis.

scholarly journals Acute Renal Failure and Jaundice without Methemoglobinemia in a Patient with Phenazopyridine Overdose: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ian Holmes ◽  
Nathaniel Berman ◽  
Vinicius Domingues
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
The United States ◽  
Review Of The Literature

Phenazopyridine is a commonly used urinary analgesic available throughout the United States. Ingestion of large quantities can lead to methemoglobinemia, hemolytic anemia, jaundice, and acute renal failure. We report a case of a 78-year-old male with previously normal renal function who developed acute renal failure and jaundice without methemoglobinemia or hyperbilirubinemia after taking nearly 8 g of phenazopyridine over the course of 4 days. Initially presenting with oliguria, the urine output began to increase by day 2 of his admission, and the creatinine peaked 11 days after he began taking phenazopyridine, and he was discharged safely soon after. To our knowledge, this is the first such case of renal failure and jaundice without methemoglobinemia or hemolytic anemia in an adult patient with normal renal function.

scholarly journals Effect of Lipin as a basis of liposomal Lipoflavon on the functional state of kidneys in rats under a model of pathology

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3 (71)) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. M. Horoshko
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Equivalent Dose ◽  
Single Application ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Lipin as part of Lipoflavon on renal function in animals under conditions of glycerol model of nephropathy was analysed. As a result, it was determined that after a single application, Lipoflavon can improve the renal function under conditions of acute renal failure. At the same time Lipin in equivalent dose of that in Lipoflavon does not influence the renal function.

scholarly journals Secondary oxalosis: a cause of delayed recovery of renal function in the setting of acute renal failure.

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2320-2326 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Alkhunaizi ◽  
L Chan
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Inherited Disorders ◽  
Oliguric Renal Failure ◽  
Vitamin C Supplementation ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Delayed Recovery ◽  
Possible Cause

Oxalosis, or calcium oxalate deposition in the tissues, may develop in patients with inherited disorders of oxalate metabolism or can occur secondary to other diseases. In this study, a case of renal oxalosis probably secondary to excessive parenteral vitamin C administration in a patient with acute post-traumatic oliguric renal failure is reported. Oxalate deposits may have contributed to further worsening and delayed recovery of renal function. The elimination of the source of excess vitamin C and its presumed effect on oxalate production, together with enhanced removal of oxalate during aggressive dialysis, resulted in prompt recovery of renal function. Secondary oxalosis represents a possible cause of delayed recovery of renal function in patients with acute renal failure who are receiving vitamin C supplementation if excess dosage of that supplementation is given. Vitamin C supplementation, if utilized, should be carefully monitored in patients receiving artificial renal replacement therapy.

The Impact of Mild Renal Dysfunction on Postoperative Mortality in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 743-747
Author(s):  
Mary-Margaret Brandt ◽  
Anthony Falvo ◽  
H. Mathilda Horst
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
The Impact

The negative impact of mild to moderate renal dysfunction on patient outcome is often underestimated. Any amount of renal dysfunction is deleterious in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). We evaluated all surgery patients admitted to our SICU. We identified two groups of patients: no renal failure and acute renal failure. A total of 5152 patients were included in this study. There were 1259 patients in the acute renal failure group. The average number of ventilator days increased by 2.2 for every increase of creatinine by 1.0. Patients who required dialysis stayed an average of 11 days longer than patients who did not have any renal failure. For every increase of creatinine by 1.0, average cost increased by $23,048. Only 7 per cent of the patients with acute renal failure required dialysis (n = 85). The odds ratio for mortality compared with those patients without renal failure was 7.06 (confidence interval, 3.91–12.76) regardless of the definition of renal failure. This study demonstrates that even mild to moderate renal failure increases mortality. Moreover, we demonstrated that even a mild decline in renal function increases length of stay, ventilator days, and cost in patients in the SICU. Aggressive vigilance in the prevention of any loss of renal function is warranted in the SICU.

Plasma Mercury during Prolonged Acute Renal Failure after Mercuric Chloride Ingestion

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Newton ◽  
I.M. House ◽  
G.N. Volans ◽  
F.J. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Mercury Concentration ◽  
Oliguric Renal Failure ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Serial Measurements ◽  
Very High ◽  
Made In

1 Serial measurements of plasma mercury were made in a patient with severe and prolonged acute renal failure due to poisoning with mercuric chloride. 2 An initial mercury concentration in whole blood of 1200 μg/l (6 μmol/l) was recorded, and recovery of renal function coincided with a fall in plasma mercury concentration to below 100 μg/l (0.5 μmol/l). 3 The case demonstrates that survival and recovery of renal function is possible despite very high concentrations of mercury in the blood and oliguric renal failure of nearly six weeks' duration.

scholarly journals Hemorheology and renal function during cardiopulmonary bypass in infants

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Dittrich ◽  
Max Priesemann ◽  
Thomas Fischer ◽  
Wolfgang Boettcher ◽  
Christian Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Tubular Damage ◽  
Extra Corporeal Circulation ◽  
The Impact

Background: Acute renal failure is an occasional complication after cardiopulmonary bypass in infants. Whereas it is well known that postoperative hemodynamics inflict acute renal failure, the influence of extra-corporeal circulation on the kidney is less clear. Moreover, changes in blood viscosity occur during and after surgery, which may influence renal dysfunction. For this reason, we investigated the impact of blood viscosity on renal function during cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: In 34 patients weighting less than 10 kg, we performed repeated analysis of urine, blood, and plasma viscosity. Results: Polyuria and proteinuria that appeared during cardiopulmonary bypass indicated an elevated transglomerular filtration gradient, which recovered within 24 hours. The appearance of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase in the urine, and elevated excretion of sodium, were additionally indicative of mild tubular damage. Elevation of blood viscosity during hypothermic perfusion showed a statistical correlation with proteinuria and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidaseuria. With hypothermia, the relation of blood viscosity to plasma viscosity became stronger, while the relation to the hematocrit decreased compared to normothermia. Conclusions: During cardiopulmonary bypass perfusion, the kidney can be stressed by proteinuria and mild tubular damage. Our data provide evidence that the kidneys can be protected by improved blood viscosity during cardioplegia, but this needs confirmation in a prospective interventional study.

Complication Rates in Early Versus Late Cranioplasty—A Fourteen-Year Single-Center Case Series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhibullah S Tora ◽  
James G Malcolm ◽  
Zayan Mahmooth ◽  
Amit Pujari ◽  
Rima S Rindler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedure ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BACKGROUND Cranioplasty (CP) following decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a common neurosurgical procedure for cranial cosmesis and protection. There is uncertainty regarding the complication rates and potential benefits related to the timing of CP. OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of the timing of CP on complication rates for different etiologies of DC. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed of all CP cases between 2004 and 2018 for traumatic and nontraumatic indications of DC. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and complications were collected. Early and late CP were defined as replacement of the bone flap at ≤90 and >90 d following DC, respectively. RESULTS A total of 278 patients were included, receiving 81 early and 197 late CPs. When analyzing all patients, early CP was associated with a statistically significant higher odds of any complication (odds ratio [OR]: 3.25, P < .001), reoperation (OR: 2.57, P = .019), hydrocephalus (OR: 6.03, P = .003), and symptomatic extra-axial collections (OR: 9.22, P = .003). Subgroup analysis demonstrated statistically significant higher odds of these complications only for the CP trauma subgroup, but not the nontrauma subgroup. The odds of complications postCP demonstrated a statistically significant decrease of 4.4% for each week after DC (Unit Odds Ratio [U-OR]: 0.956, P = .0363). CONCLUSION In our retrospective series, early CP was associated with higher odds of postoperative complications compared to late CP in the trauma subgroup. Greater care should be taken in preoperative planning and increased vigilance postoperatively for complications with this potentially more vulnerable subpopulation. Future prospective controlled trials are needed to elucidate optimal timing for CP.

Low Dose Nesiritide Infusion Leads to Rapid and Sustained Improvement in Renal Function in Patients with Acute Renal Failure Early Post Cardiac Transplantation

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. S55
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Chrzanowski ◽  
Christopher Wolfe ◽  
Mariell L. Jessup ◽  
Michael A. Acker ◽  
Joyce W. Wald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Cardiac Transplantation ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Sustained Improvement

Plasma D Dimer: A Useful Marker of Fibrin Breakdown in Renal Failure

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (03) ◽  
pp. 522-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P Gordge ◽  
R W Faint ◽  
P B Rylance ◽  
H Ireland ◽  
D A Lane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
D Dimer

SummaryD dimer and other large fragments produced during the breakdown of crosslinked fibrin may be measured by enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies. In 91 patients with renal disease and varying degrees of renal dysfunction, plasma D dimer showed no correlation with renal function, whereas FgE antigen, a fibrinogen derivative which is known to be cleared in part by the kidney, showed a significant negative correlation with creatinine clearance. Plasma concentrations of D dimer were, however, increased in patients with chronic renal failure (244 ± 3l ng/ml) (mean ± SEM) and diabetic nephropathy (308 ± 74 ng/ml), when compared with healthy controls (96 ± 13 ng/ml), and grossly elevated in patients with acute renal failure (2,451 ± 1,007 ng/ml). The results indicate an increase in fibrin formation and lysis, and not simply reduced elimination of D dimer by the kidneys, and are further evidence of activated coagulation in renal disease. D dimer appears to be a useful marker of fibrin breakdown in renal failure.

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