scholarly journals Challenges for Children and Adolescents with Autism and Their Families during the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Spring/Summer) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Orsolya Pachner ◽  
Gabor Aranyi
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Adolescents With Autism ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Published Research

The restrictions and lockdown measures implemented in response to the Covid-19 pandemic have posed a pronounced risk to the mental health of people with autism and their families. We discuss specific difficulties affecting children and adolescents with autism and their families during the pandemic, drawing on a broad range of recently published research in many countries and regions. A global perspective is adopted to provide an overview of the state of affairs and identify good practices. We consider challenges in four areas: research and practice related to autism, challenges facing children and adolescents with autism, specific difficulties in their education and care, and challenges facing their parents and families. Based on the reviewed work and our experience in group support sessions with parents of children with autism, we conclude that supporting families affected by autism should emphasize promoting the parents' well-being and coping potential to improve their resilience.

Pregnancy risk factors related to autism: an Italian case–control study in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), their siblings and of typically developing children

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Grossi ◽  
L. Migliore ◽  
F. Muratori
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Autism Group ◽  
Adolescents With Autism ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

AbstractThis study, carried out in two Italian Institutions, assesses the frequency of 27 potential autism risk factors related to pregnancy and peri- and postnatal periods by interviewing mothers who had children with autism, children with autism and one or two typically developing siblings, or only typically developing children. The clinical sample included three case groups: 73 children and adolescents with autism (Group A), 35 children and adolescents with autism (Group A1) having 45 siblings (Group B) and 96 typically developing children (Group C) matched for gender and age. Twenty-five out of 27 of risk factors presented a higher frequency in Group A in comparison with Group C and for nine of them a statistically significant difference was found. Twenty-one out of 27 of risk factors presented a higher frequency in Group A in comparison with Group B. A higher prevalence of environmental risk factors was observed in 11 risk factors in the Group A1 in comparison with Group B and for nine of them an odds ratio higher than 1.5 was found. For 13 factors there was a progressive increase in frequency going from Group C, B and A and a statistically higher prevalence of the mean number of stressful events per pregnancy was recorded in Group A when compared with Groups B and C. The results suggest that environmental, incidental phenomena and stressful life events can influence pregnancy outcome in predisposed subjects, pointing out a possible threshold effect in women who are predisposed to have suboptimal pregnancies.

Mental Disorders in Children and Adolescents With Autism

2022 ◽  
pp. 193-212
Author(s):  
Areti-Eirini Filiou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Adolescents With Autism ◽  
Students With Autism ◽  
Cognitive Problems

Children and adolescents with autism frequently have symptoms of various mental disorders along with the features that define autism. Problems with anxiety, depression, emotion regulation, cognitive problems, and associated behavioural problems occur in children with autism of all ages. Overall, high rates of several psychiatric disorders have been reported in individuals with autism. Several authors have suggested cognitive and behaviour therapy (CBT) as a very useful intervention therapy, which can apply in schools, in order to help these children with autism and mental health disorders. It is also important the use of information and communications technology (ICT) and other computer programs to support students with autism in education. Therefore, with a coordinated effort to use this intervention program, schools have an opportunity to address the goals of improving social, emotional, and behavioural competence for these students and minimising the impact of established emotional, behavioural, or educational disorders.

scholarly journals Organization of Psychological, Medical and Social Support for Children and Adolescents with ASD in Algeria: Methodological Basics and Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A. Vlasova
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Staff Training ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Day Hospital ◽  
Adolescents With Autism ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
And Training

Active work on the establishing of psychological, medical and social support for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders in the state of Algeria began two decades ago. The issues of infrastructure organization, staff training and choice of techniques for work with children and adolescents with autism are considered. The practice of the capital day hospital is described in detail, as well as the issues of specialists and parents education and training to help children with autism. The training of mothers of children with autism, the activity of co-therapists and the basics of the TEACCH program has made it possible to achieve notable successes in the development of the cognitive sphere of their children. To be continued in the following issues

The prevalence of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome in children and adolescents with autism: a large scale study

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1151-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. BARON-COHEN ◽  
V. L. SCAHILL ◽  
J. IZAGUIRRE ◽  
H. HORNSEY ◽  
M. M. ROBERTSON
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Large Scale Study ◽  
Adolescents With Autism ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Background. An earlier small-scale study of children with autism revealed that 8·1% of such patients were co-morbid for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). The present study is a large scale test of whether this result replicates.Method. Four hundred and forty-seven pupils from nine schools for children and adolescents with autism were screened for the presence of motor and vocal tics.Results. Subsequent family interviews confirmed the co-morbid diagnosis of definite GTS in 19 children, giving a prevalence rate of 4·3%. A further 10 children were diagnosed with probable GTS (2·2%).Conclusions. These results indicate that the rate of GTS in autism exceeds that expected by chance, and the combined rate (6·5%) is similar to the rates found in the smaller-scale study. Methodological considerations and alternative explanations for an increased prevalence are discussed.

Psychological issues in prosthetic and orthotic practice: A 25 year review of psychology in Prosthetics and Orthotics International

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Desmond ◽  
M. MacLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developmental Issues ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
And Coping

In the inaugural edition of Prosthetics and Orthotics International, Fishman identified the psychological sciences as one of six indispensable areas of skill and knowledge in professional prosthetic-orthotic practice. Given the journal's significant role in reporting and developing pertinent research and practice, this review assesses the profile of psychology in prosthetic and orthotic research, as evidenced by the content of Prosthetics and Orthotics International since its inception. A MEDLINE search of the journal's abstracts over a twenty-five year period was conducted using the search terms: ‘psychology’, ‘psychosocial’, ‘quality of life’, ‘developmental’ and ‘coping’. Results of this search are summarised under the following headings: (a) body image; (b) coping and adjustment; (c) developmental issues; (d) psychosocial well-being; (e) quality of life; and (f) psychological factors leading to amputation. On the basis of this review, the authors conclude by highlighting a number of key areas where the psychological aspects of prosthetics and orthotics warrant further investigation and dissemination.

Psychoeducational intervention improves Chinese mothers' parenting and symptoms of their autistic children

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Yan-Fei Zu ◽  
Guangxing Xu ◽  
Ya-Song Du ◽  
Juzhe Xi ◽  
Ya-Ting Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Intervention ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Psychoeducational Intervention ◽  
Autism Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Words ◽  
Psychoeducational Group ◽  
And Coping

In China, mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder struggle with parenting, often becoming depressed. This can harm the well-being and sociocognitive development of their children. We determined whether a psychoeducational group intervention increases the frequency of mothers' positive speech patterns and alleviates their depression, and, in turn, whether these changes improve the behavior of their children. Mothers (8 from Shanghai, 8 from Taiwan) participated in a 12-week intervention of a weekly counseling session. At the end, analysis of transcripts of the mothers' speech showed that the frequency of positive emotional words increased and negative emotional words decreased, and their scores on the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory decreased significantly. Children also showed a significant reduction in scores on the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. These results demonstrate that counseling via a semistructured group intervention can improve mothers' parenting and coping skills, and help to alleviate their children's autism symptoms.

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