scholarly journals Estimating gestational age at birth: a population-based derivation-validation study

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Urquia ◽  
TA Stukel ◽  
K Fung ◽  
RH Glazier ◽  
JG Ray
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Administrative Databases ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Infant Birth

Introduction Information on newborn gestational age (GA) is essential in research on perinatal and infant health, but it is not always available from administrative databases. We developed and validated a GA prediction model for singleton births for use in epidemiological studies. Methods Derivation of estimated GA was calculated based on 130 328 newborn infants born in Ontario hospitals between 2007 and 2009, using linear regression analysis, with several infant and maternal characteristics as the predictor (independent) variables. The model was validated in a separate sample of 130 329 newborns. Results The discriminative ability of the linear model based on infant birth weight and sex was reasonably approximate for infants born before the 37th week of gestation (r2 = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.65–0.68), but not for term births (37–42 weeks; r2 = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.12–0.13). Adding other infant and maternal characteristics did not improve the model discrimination. Conclusion Newborn gestational age before 37 weeks can be reasonably approximated using locally available data on birth weight and sex.

scholarly journals Relationships between maternal characteristics and infant birth weight

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-697
Author(s):  
Maryam Javadi ◽  
Sima Rafiei ◽  
Fariba Zahedifar ◽  
Ameneh Barikani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Infant Birth

Purpose Nowadays, the importance of infant birth weight (IBW) as a key factor in determining the future of physical and mental development of children is a growing concern. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between maternal characteristics and IBW among pregnant women who were referred to health centers in Qazvin city in the year 2016. Design/methodology/approach A descriptive-analytical study was conducted among pregnant women in 28–36 weeks of gestation who referred to healthcare centers and facilities affiliated by the Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in April–June 2016. The associations between maternal physical activity, mothers’ socioeconomic status and birth weight were examined by SPSS Software Package version 16 through linear and logistic regression tests. Findings Linear regression modeling suggested that maternal weight (p=0.001), income (p=0.04), gestational age of delivery (p=0.00) and pre-pregnancy BMI (p=0.02) were positively associated with birth weight, while occupational and heavy physical activity (p=0.003 and 0.008, respectively) were negatively associated with IBW. In this study, low birth weight infants are compared to those with normal weight belonged to mothers who have spent more time in doing heavy physical activities (OR=1.11, 95% CI 1.01–1.23). Also infants with low birth weight compared to others in the normal weight category were born from mothers with lower pre-pregnancy BMI (OR=0.65, 95% CI 0.62–0.78), gestational age of delivery (OR=0.82, 95% CI 0.79–0.86), maternal weight (OR=0.86, 95% CI 0.84–0.88) and income (OR=0.79, 95% CI 0.69–0.83). Practical implications The study findings revealed that certain maternal characteristics could play a significant role in IBW. Despite the importance, in most of developing countries (particularly Iran), future mothers are not advised about an appropriate weight gain during pregnancy or the optimal level of physical activity in such a period of time. Therefore, counseling pregnant women and giving them proper information on appropriate perinatal care would be helpful in order to have pregnancies with optimal outcomes. Originality/value The authors applied several statistical methods to analyze IBW among mothers with different maternal characteristics and predict birth weight based on contributing factors.

Neurotoxicity of Hexachlorophene in the Human: I. A Clinicopathologic Study of 248 Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 689-695
Author(s):  
Robert M. Shuman ◽  
Richard W. Leech ◽  
Ellsworth C. Alvord
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Clinicopathologic Study ◽  
Neurotoxic Effects ◽  
Sick Children

To assess the susceptibility of human beings to the neurotoxic effects of hexachlorophene demonstrated in experimental animals, a blind clinicopathologic analysis was made of 248 children coming to autopsy over a 7.5-year period in the two Seattle institutions to which practically all premature or sick children are referred. Repeated whole-body bathing of premature newborn infants in 3% hexachlorophene-bearing soap (undiluted pHisoHex) is associated with a vacuolar encephalopathy of the brainstem reticular formation. The prevalence of the vacuolar encephalopathy appears to be related to the number of exposures to hexachlorophene, to the concentration of hexachiorophene, to the birth weight (gestational age), to the length of survival and to the thoroughness of rinsing. From these observations we conclude that hexachlorophene should not be used on neonates under 1,400 gm birth weight and should be used only sparingly in full-term neonates with thorough rinsing.

scholarly journals Early Postnatal Metabolic Profile in Neonates With Different Birth Weight Status: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdar Beken ◽  
Saygin Abali ◽  
Neslihan Yildirim Saral ◽  
Bengisu Guner ◽  
Taha Dinc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Ponderal Index ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Introduction: Restricted or enhanced intrauterine growth is associated with elevated risks of early and late metabolic problems in humans. Metabolomics based on amino acid and carnitine/acylcarnitine profile may have a role in fetal and early postnatal energy metabolism. In this study, the relationship between intrauterine growth status and early metabolomics profile was evaluated.Materials and Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted. Three hundred and sixty-one newborn infants were enrolled into the study, and they were grouped according to their birth weight percentile as small for gestational age (SGA, n = 69), appropriate for gestational age (AGA, n = 168), and large for gestational age (LGA, n = 124) infants. In all infants, amino acid and carnitine/acylcarnitine profiles with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were recorded and compared between groups.Results: LGA infants had higher levels of glutamic acid and lower levels of ornithine, alanine, and glycine (p < 0.05) when compared with AGA infants. SGA infants had higher levels of alanine and glycine levels when compared with AGA and LGA infants. Total carnitine, C0, C2, C4, C5, C10:1, C18:1, C18:2, C14-OH, and C18:2-OH levels were significantly higher and C3 and C6-DC levels were lower in SGA infants (p < 0.05). LGA infants had higher C3 and C5:1 levels and lower C18:2 and C16:1-OH levels (p < 0.05). There were positive correlations between free carnitine and phenylalanine, arginine, methionine, alanine, and glycine levels (p < 0.05). Also, a positive correlation between ponderal index and C3, C5-DC, C14, and C14:1 and a negative correlation between ponderal index and ornithine, alanine, glycine, C16:1-OH, and C18:2 were shown.Conclusion: We demonstrated differences in metabolomics possibly reflecting the energy metabolism in newborn infants with intrauterine growth problems in the early postnatal period. These differences might be the footprints of metabolic disturbances in future adulthood.

Colloid Osmotic Pressure in Newborn Infants: Variations with Birth Weight, Gestational Age, Total Serum Solids, and Mean Arterial Pressure

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 814-819
Author(s):  
Paul Y. K. Wu ◽  
Gary Rockwell ◽  
Linda Chan ◽  
Shu-Mei Wang ◽  
Vikram Udani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Colloid Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Arterial Blood

Colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of blood was measured directly at birth with the Wescor membrane colloid osmometer (model 4100) in 91 appropriately grown, 11 large, and nine small for gestational age "well" newborn infants. COP correlated directly with birth weight (r = .726, P < .00001) and gestational age (r = .753, P < .00001). COP values for small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) infants were found to fall within the 95% prediction interval with regard to birth weight and gestational age for appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants. Simultaneous measurements of COP, total serum solids, and central arterial mean blood pressure were made. The results showed that COP correlated directly with total serum solids (r = .89, P < .0001) and mean arterial blood pressure (r = .660, P < .001). Among the factors evaluated, total serum solids was the best predictor of COP.

Cryptorchidism in the Newborn

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-311
Author(s):  
Alfredo Santesteban
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Undescended Testes ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infant ◽  
New Born ◽  
Born Infant ◽  
Infant Birth

The incidence of cryptorchidism in newborn infants is stated to be 3% to 4% by Curran and Curran in a recent article.1 The reference cited is a report by Scorer published in 1957.2 However, a review of the literature shows that the incidence of cryptorchidism in the full-term new born infant is slightly lower and in the low birth weight infant (birth weight 2,500 gm or less), it is considerably higher. Up until 1955 there was much confusion regarding the incidence of undescended testes in the newborn.

scholarly journals Maternal exposure to polybrominated and polychlorinated biphenyls: Infant birth weight and gestational age

Chemosphere ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1295-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjory L. Givens ◽  
Chanley M. Small ◽  
Metrecia L. Terrell ◽  
Lorraine L. Cameron ◽  
Heidi Michels Blanck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Infant Birth

Maternal Weight Gain and Infant Birth Weight in Women with Class III Obesity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann R. Tucker ◽  
Haywood L. Brown ◽  
Sarah K. Dotters-Katz
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Class Iii Obesity ◽  
Iom Recommendations ◽  
Infant Birth

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to describe the impact of maternal weight gain on infant birth weight among women with Class III obesity. Study Design Retrospective cohort of women with body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m2 at initial prenatal visit, delivered from July 2013 to December 2017. Women presenting 14/0 weeks of gestational age (GA), delivering preterm, or had multiples or major fetal anomalies excluded. Maternal demographics and complications, intrapartum events, and neonatal outcomes abstracted. Primary outcomes were delivery of large for gestational age or small for gestational age (SGA) infant. Bivariate statistics used to compare women gaining less than Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations (LTR) and women gaining within recommendations (11–20 pounds/5–9.1 kg) (at recommended [AR]). Regression models used to estimate odds of primary outcomes. Results Of included women (n = 230), 129 (56%) gained LTR and 101 (44%) gained AR. In sum, 71 (31%) infants were LGA and 2 (0.8%) were SGA. Women gaining LTR had higher median entry BMI (46 vs. 43, p < 0.01); other demographics did not differ. LTR women were equally likely to deliver an LGA infant (29 vs. 34%, p = 0.5) but not more likely to deliver an SGA infant (0.8 vs. 1%, p > 0.99). After controlling for confounders, the AOR of an LGA baby for LTR women was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.4–1.4). Conclusion In this cohort of morbidly obese women, gaining less than IOM recommendations did not impact risk of having an LGA infant, without increasing risk of an SGA infant.

scholarly journals Incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis in southern Brazil: a prospective study

2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liége Mozzatto ◽  
Renato Soibelmann Procianoy
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
The Town

The study aimed to determine the incidence of congenital infection by Toxoplasma gondii and to describe neonatal and maternal characteristics regarding newborn infants treated at a teaching hospital in the town of Passo Fundo, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Cord blood samples collected from 1,250 live newborns were analyzed. The laboratory diagnosis was established by the detection of Toxoplasma gondii IgM using an enzyme linked fluorescent assay. Gestational age, intrauterine growth, anthropometric measures, and prenatal characteristics were assessed. The incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis at birth was 8/10,000 (95%CI 0.2-44.5). Mean birthweight was 3,080 ± 215.56 grams and mean gestational age was 38.43 ± 1.88 weeks. With regard to prenatal care, 58% of the pregnant patients visited their doctors five times or more and 38.9% were serologically tested for toxoplasmosis in the first trimester of pregnancy. The incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis was similar to that found in most studies conducted in our country and abroad. Our study sample is representative of the town of Passo Fundo and therefore it is possible to consider the frequency observed as the prevalence of the disease in this town during the study period.

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