scholarly journals Maternal exposure to polybrominated and polychlorinated biphenyls: Infant birth weight and gestational age

Chemosphere ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1295-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjory L. Givens ◽  
Chanley M. Small ◽  
Metrecia L. Terrell ◽  
Lorraine L. Cameron ◽  
Heidi Michels Blanck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Infant Birth

scholarly journals Maternal exposure to airborne polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and risk of adverse birth outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ane Bungum Kofoed ◽  
Laura Deen ◽  
Karin Sørig Hougaard ◽  
Kajsa Ugelvig Petersen ◽  
Harald William Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Secondary Sex Ratio

AbstractHuman health effects of airborne lower-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (LC-PCBs) are largely unexplored. Since PCBs may cross the placenta, maternal exposure could potentially have negative consequences for fetal development. We aimed to determine if exposure to airborne PCB during pregnancy was associated with adverse birth outcomes. In this cohort study, exposed women had lived in PCB contaminated apartments at least one year during the 3.6 years before conception or the entire first trimester of pregnancy. The women and their children were followed for birth outcomes in Danish health registers. Logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (OR) for changes in secondary sex ratio, preterm birth, major congenital malformations, cryptorchidism, and being born small for gestational age. We performed linear regression to estimate difference in birth weight among children of exposed and unexposed mothers. All models were adjusted for maternal age, educational level, ethnicity, and calendar time. We identified 885 exposed pregnancies and 3327 unexposed pregnancies. Relative to unexposed women, exposed women had OR 0.97 (95% CI 0.82, 1.15) for secondary sex ratio, OR 1.13 (95% CI 0.76, 1.67) for preterm birth, OR 1.28 (95% CI 0.81, 2.01) for having a child with major malformations, OR 1.73 (95% CI 1.01, 2.95) for cryptorchidism and OR 1.23 (95% CI 0.88, 1.72) for giving birth to a child born small for gestational age. The difference in birth weight for children of exposed compared to unexposed women was − 32 g (95% CI—79, 14). We observed an increased risk of cryptorchidism among boys after maternal airborne LC-PCB exposure, but due to the proxy measure of exposure, inability to perform dose–response analyses, and the lack of comparable literature, larger cohort studies with direct measures of exposure are needed to investigate the safety of airborne LC-PCB exposure during pregnancy

scholarly journals Birth weight of infants after maternal exposure to typical and atypical antipsychotics: Prospective comparison study

2008 ◽  
Vol 192 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Newham ◽  
Simon H. Thomas ◽  
Karine MacRitchie ◽  
Patricia R. McElhatton ◽  
R. Hamish McAllister-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Prospective Comparison ◽  
Infant Birth ◽  
Typical Antipsychotics

BackgroundThe effects of in utero exposure to atypical antipsychotics on infant birth weight are unknown.AimsTo determine whether atypical and typical antipsychotics differ in their effects on birth weight after maternal exposure during pregnancy.MethodProspective data on gestational age and birth weight collected by the National Teratology Information Service for infants exposed to typical (n=45) and atypical (n=25) antipsychotics was compared with data for a reference group of infants (n=38).ResultsInfants exposed to atypical antipsychotics had a significantly higher incidence of large for gestational age (LGA) than both comparison groups and a mean birth weight significantly heavier than those exposed to typical antipsychotics. In contrast those exposed to typical antipsychotics had a significantly lower mean birth weight and a higher incidence of small for gestational age infants than the reference group.ConclusionsIn utero exposure to atypical antipsychotic drugs may increase infant birth weight and risk of LGA.

Maternal Weight Gain and Infant Birth Weight in Women with Class III Obesity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann R. Tucker ◽  
Haywood L. Brown ◽  
Sarah K. Dotters-Katz
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Class Iii Obesity ◽  
Iom Recommendations ◽  
Infant Birth

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to describe the impact of maternal weight gain on infant birth weight among women with Class III obesity. Study Design Retrospective cohort of women with body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m2 at initial prenatal visit, delivered from July 2013 to December 2017. Women presenting 14/0 weeks of gestational age (GA), delivering preterm, or had multiples or major fetal anomalies excluded. Maternal demographics and complications, intrapartum events, and neonatal outcomes abstracted. Primary outcomes were delivery of large for gestational age or small for gestational age (SGA) infant. Bivariate statistics used to compare women gaining less than Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations (LTR) and women gaining within recommendations (11–20 pounds/5–9.1 kg) (at recommended [AR]). Regression models used to estimate odds of primary outcomes. Results Of included women (n = 230), 129 (56%) gained LTR and 101 (44%) gained AR. In sum, 71 (31%) infants were LGA and 2 (0.8%) were SGA. Women gaining LTR had higher median entry BMI (46 vs. 43, p < 0.01); other demographics did not differ. LTR women were equally likely to deliver an LGA infant (29 vs. 34%, p = 0.5) but not more likely to deliver an SGA infant (0.8 vs. 1%, p > 0.99). After controlling for confounders, the AOR of an LGA baby for LTR women was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.4–1.4). Conclusion In this cohort of morbidly obese women, gaining less than IOM recommendations did not impact risk of having an LGA infant, without increasing risk of an SGA infant.

Maternal exposure to Great Lakes sport-caught fish and dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene, but not polychlorinated biphenyls, is associated with reduced birth weight

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc G. Weisskopf ◽  
Henry A. Anderson ◽  
Lawrence P. Hanrahan ◽  
Marty S. Kanarek ◽  
Claire M. Falk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Maternal Exposure

scholarly journals Maternal Exposure to Unexpected Economic Contraction and Birth Weight for Gestational Age

Epidemiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire E. Margerison-Zilko ◽  
Ralph Catalano ◽  
Alan Hubbard ◽  
Jennifer Ahern
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Exposure

scholarly journals Associations between maternal prenatal cortisol and fetal growth are specific to infant sex: Findings from the Wirral Child Health and Development Study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Braithwaite ◽  
Jonathan Hill ◽  
Andrew Pickles ◽  
Vivette Glover ◽  
Kieran O’Donnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Development Study ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Infant Birth

Recent findings highlight that there are prenatal risks for affective disorders that are mediated by glucocorticoid mechanisms, and may be specific to females. There is also evidence of sex differences in prenatal programming mechanisms and developmental psychopathology, whereby effects are in opposite directions in males and females. As birth weight is a risk for affective disorders, we sought to investigate whether maternal prenatal cortisol may have sex-specific effects on fetal growth. The Wirral Child Health and Development Study (WCHADS) cohort (n=1233) included a stratified subsample (n=241) who provided maternal saliva samples, assayed for cortisol, at home over two days at 32 weeks gestation (on waking, 30-minutes post-waking, and during the evening). Measures of infant birth weight (corrected for gestational age) were taken from hospital records. General population estimates of associations between variables were obtained using inverse probability weights. Maternal log of the area under the curve (LogAUC) cortisol predicted infant birth weight in a sex-dependent manner (interaction term p=0.040). There was a positive association between maternal prenatal cortisol in males, and a negative association in females. A sex-interaction in the same direction was evident when using the waking (p=0.010), and 30-minute post waking (p=0.013) cortisol measures, but not the evening measure. There was no interaction between prenatal cortisol and sex to predict gestational age. Our findings add to an emerging body of literature that suggests that there may be sex-specific mechanisms that underpin fetal programming. Further understanding of these mechanisms is important for tailoring intervention and prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Placental lncRNA expression associated with placental cadmium concentrations and birth weight

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R Hussey ◽  
Amber Burt ◽  
Maya A Deyssenroth ◽  
Brian P Jackson ◽  
Ke Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Lncrna Expression ◽  
Infant Birth

Abstract Heavy metal exposures, such as cadmium, can have negative effects on infant birth weight (BW)—among other developmental outcomes—with placental dysfunction potentially playing a role in these effects. In this study, we examined how differential placental expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may be associated with cadmium levels in placenta and whether differences in the expression of those lncRNAs were associated with fetal growth. In the Rhode Island Child Health Study, we used data from Illumina HiSeq whole transcriptome RNA sequencing (n = 199) to examine association between lncRNA expression and measures of infant BW as well as placental cadmium concentrations controlled for appropriate covariates. Of the 1191 lncRNAs sequenced, 46 demonstrated associations (q &lt; 0.05) with BW in models controlling for infant sex, maternal age, BMI, maternal education, and smoking during pregnancy. Furthermore, four of these transcripts were associated with placental cadmium concentrations, with MIR22HG and ERVH48-1 demonstrating increases in expression associated with increasing cadmium exposure and elevated odds of small for gestational age birth, while AC114763.2 and LINC02595 demonstrated reduced expression associated with cadmium, but elevated odds of large for gestational age birth with increasing expression. We identified relationships between lncRNA expression with both placental cadmium concentrations and BW. This study provides evidence that disrupted placental expression of lncRNAs may be a part of cadmium’s mechanisms of reproductive toxicity.

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