Associations of consumption of fruits and vegetables during pregnancy with infant birth weight or small for gestational age births: a systematic review of the literature

Background: The relationship between adiposity at birth and in childhood, and telomere length is yet to be determined. We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse the results of studies assessing associations between neonatal and childhood adiposity, and telomere length. Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE and PubMed for studies reporting associations between adiposity measured in the neonatal period or childhood, and leucocyte telomere length, measured at any age via quantitative polymerase chain reaction, or terminal restriction fragment analysis, either cross-sectionally, or longitudinally. Papers published before April 2017 were included. Results: Out of 230 abstracts assessed, 23 papers (32 estimates) were retained, from which 19 estimates were meta-analysed (15 cross-sectional, four longitudinal). Of the 15 cross-sectional estimates, seven reported on neonates: four used binary exposures of small-for-gestational-age vs. appropriate-for-gestational age (or appropriate- and large-for-gestational age), and three studied birth weight continuously. Eight estimates reported on childhood measures; five estimates were from studies of binary exposures (overweight/obese vs. non-obese children), and three studies used continuous measures of body mass index. All four longitudinal estimates were of neonatal adiposity, with two estimates for small-for-gestational-age vs. appropriate-for-gestational age neonates, and two estimates of birth weight studied continuously, in relation to adult telomere (49-61 years). There was no strong evidence of an association between neonatal or childhood adiposity, and telomere length. However, between study heterogeneity was high, and there were few combinable studies. Conclusions: Our systematic review and meta-analysis found no strong evidence of an association between neonatal or childhood adiposity and telomere length.

Download Full-text

Early life adiposity and telomere length across the life course: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wellcome Open Research ◽

10.12688/wellcomeopenres.13083.2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 118 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna L. Guyatt ◽

Santiago Rodriguez ◽

Tom R. Gaunt ◽

Abigail Fraser ◽

Emma L. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Telomere Length ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Strong Evidence ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Appropriate For Gestational Age

Background: The relationship between adiposity at birth and in childhood, and telomere length is yet to be determined. We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse the results of studies assessing associations between neonatal and later childhood adiposity, and telomere length. Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE and PubMed for studies reporting associations between adiposity measured in the neonatal period or later childhood/adolescence, and leucocyte telomere length, measured at any age via quantitative polymerase chain reaction, or terminal restriction fragment analysis, either cross-sectionally, or longitudinally. Papers published before April 2017 were included. Results: Out of 230 abstracts assessed, 23 papers (32 estimates) were retained, from which 19 estimates were meta-analysed (15 cross-sectional, four longitudinal). Of the 15 cross-sectional estimates, seven reported on neonates: four used binary exposures of small-for-gestational-age vs. appropriate-for-gestational age (or appropriate- and large-for-gestational age), and three studied birth weight continuously. Eight estimates reported on later childhood or adolescent measures; five estimates were from studies of binary exposures (overweight/obese vs. non-obese children), and three studies used continuous measures of body mass index. All four longitudinal estimates were of neonatal adiposity, with two estimates for small-for-gestational-age vs. appropriate-for-gestational age neonates, and two estimates of birth weight studied continuously, in relation to adult telomere (49-61 years). There was no strong evidence of an association between neonatal or later childhood/adolescent adiposity, and telomere length. However, between study heterogeneity was high, and there were few combinable studies. Conclusions: Our systematic review and meta-analysis found no strong evidence of an association between neonatal or later childhood or adolescent adiposity and telomere length.

Download Full-text

Prenatal mercury exposure and infant birth weight in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980013002619 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 17 (9) ◽

pp. 2071-2080 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Kristine Vejrup ◽

Anne Lise Brantsæter ◽

Helle K Knutsen ◽

Per Magnus ◽

Jan Alexander ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Mother And Child ◽

Multivariable Regression Models ◽

Infant Birth ◽

In Pregnancy

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between calculated maternal dietary exposure to Hg in pregnancy and infant birth weight in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa).DesignExposure was calculated with use of a constructed database of Hg in food items and reported dietary intake during pregnancy. Multivariable regression models were used to explore the association between maternal Hg exposure and infant birth weight, and to model associations with small-for-gestational-age offspring.SettingThe study is based on data from MoBa.SubjectsThe study sample consisted of 62 941 women who answered a validated FFQ which covered the habitual diet during the first five months of pregnancy.ResultsMedian exposure to Hg was 0·15 μg/kg body weight per week and the contribution from seafood intake was 88 % of total Hg exposure. Women in the highest quintile compared with the lowest quintile of Hg exposure delivered offspring with 34 g lower birth weight (95 % CI −46 g, −22 g) and had an increased risk of giving birth to small-for-gestational-age offspring, adjusted OR = 1·19 (95 % CI 1·08, 1·30). Although seafood intake was positively associated with increased birth weight, stratified analyses showed negative associations between Hg exposure and birth weight within strata of seafood intake.ConclusionsAlthough seafood intake in pregnancy is positively associated with birth weight, Hg exposure is negatively associated with birth weight. Seafood consumption during pregnancy should not be avoided, but clarification is needed to identify at what level of Hg exposure this risk might exceed the benefits of seafood.

Download Full-text

Growth patterns and nutritional status of small for gestational age infants in Malaysia during the first year of life

Child Health Nursing Research ◽

10.4094/chnr.2021.27.4.317 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 317-327

Author(s):

Norain Ahmad ◽

Rosnah Sutan ◽

Azmi Mohd Tamil ◽

Noriah Hajib

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Well Being ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

First Year ◽

Significant Difference ◽

First Year Of Life ◽

Infant Birth

Purpose: This study aimed to identify small for gestational age (SGA) infants' growth patterns, nutritional status, and associated factors.Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at primary-care child health clinics in Greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The sample consisted of infants who fulfilled the criteria and were born in 2019. The anthropometric data of infants were assessed at birth and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.Results: A total of 328 infants were analysed. In total, 27.7%(n=91) of the subjects were SGA infants, and 237 of them were not. Significant differences in the median weight-for-age and length-for-age z-scores were observed between SGA and non-SGA infants at birth, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months. There was a significant difference between the growth patterns of SGA and non-SGA infants. Birth weight and sex significantly predicted the nutritional status(stunting and underweight) of SGA infants during their first year of life.Conclusion: SGA infants can catch up to achieve normal growth during their first year of life. Even though the nutritional status of SGA infants trends worse than non-SGA infants, adequate infant birth weight monitoring and an emphasis on nutritional advice are crucial for maintaining well-being.

Download Full-text

Low birth weight and small for gestational age are associated with complications of childhood and adolescence obesity: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Obesity Reviews ◽

10.1111/obr.13380 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nerea Martín‐Calvo ◽

Leticia Goni ◽

Josep A. Tur ◽

J. Alfredo Martínez

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Childhood And Adolescence

Download Full-text

Diet Quality Is Associated with a High Newborn Size and Reduction in the Risk of Low Birth Weight and Small for Gestational Age in a Group of Mexican Pregnant Women: An Observational Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13061853 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1853

Author(s):

María A. Reyes-López. ◽

Carla P. González-Leyva ◽

Ameyalli M. Rodríguez-Cano ◽

Carolina Rodríguez-Hernández ◽

Eloisa Colin-Ramírez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Mexican Women ◽

High Quality ◽

Quality Diet ◽

Newborn Size

A high-quality diet during pregnancy may have positive effects on fetal growth and nutritional status at birth, and it may modify the risk of developing chronic diseases later in life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between diet quality and newborn nutritional status in a group of pregnant Mexican women. As part of the ongoing Mexican prospective cohort study, OBESO, we studied 226 healthy pregnant women. We adapted the Alternated Healthy Eating Index-2010 for pregnancy (AHEI-10P). The association between maternal diet and newborn nutritional status was investigated by multiple linear regression and logistic regression models. We applied three 24-h recalls during the second half of gestation. As the AHEI-10P score improved by 5 units, the birth weight and length increased (β = 74.8 ± 35.0 g and β = 0.3 ± 0.4 cm, respectively, p < 0.05). Similarly, the risk of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) decreased (OR: 0.47, 95%CI: 0.27–0.82 and OR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.36–0.85, respectively). In women without preeclampsia and/or GDM, the risk of stunting decreased as the diet quality score increased (+5 units) (OR: 0.62, 95%IC: 0.40–0.96). A high-quality diet during pregnancy was associated with a higher newborn size and a reduced risk of LBW and SGA in this group of pregnant Mexican women.

Download Full-text

563: Estimated placental volume (EPV): a novel predictor of small for gestational age birth weight (SGA)

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1016/j.ajog.2015.10.607 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 214 (1) ◽

pp. S303

Author(s):

Katherine H. Campbell ◽

France Galerneau ◽

Harvey Kliman ◽

Radek K. Bukowski

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Placental Volume

Download Full-text

Children Born with Congenital Heart Defects and Growth Restriction at Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17093056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (9) ◽

pp. 3056 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ali Ghanchi ◽

Neil Derridj ◽

Damien Bonnet ◽

Nathalie Bertille ◽

Laurent J. Salomon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Congenital Heart Defects ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Heart Defects ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Growth Restriction

Newborns with congenital heart defects tend to have a higher risk of growth restriction, which can be an independent risk factor for adverse outcomes. To date, a systematic review of the relation between congenital heart defects (CHD) and growth restriction at birth, most commonly estimated by its imperfect proxy small for gestational age (SGA), has not been conducted. Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the proportion of children born with CHD that are small for gestational age (SGA). Methods: The search was carried out from inception until 31 March 2019 on Pubmed and Embase databases. Studies were screened and selected by two independent reviewers who used a predetermined data extraction form to obtain data from studies. Bias was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. The database search identified 1783 potentially relevant publications, of which 38 studies were found to be relevant to the study question. A total of 18 studies contained sufficient data for a meta-analysis, which was done using a random effects model. Results: The pooled proportion of SGA in all CHD was 20% (95% CI 16%–24%) and 14% (95% CI 13%–16%) for isolated CHD. Proportion of SGA varied across different CHD ranging from 30% (95% CI 24%–37%) for Tetralogy of Fallot to 12% (95% CI 7%–18%) for isolated atrial septal defect. The majority of studies included in the meta-analysis were population-based studies published after 2010. Conclusion: The overall proportion of SGA in all CHD was 2-fold higher whereas for isolated CHD, 1.4-fold higher than the expected proportion in the general population. Although few studies have looked at SGA for different subtypes of CHD, the observed variability of SGA by subtypes suggests that growth restriction at birth in CHD may be due to different pathophysiological mechanisms.

Download Full-text

Maternal exposure to airborne polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and risk of adverse birth outcomes

European Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1007/s10654-021-00793-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ane Bungum Kofoed ◽

Laura Deen ◽

Karin Sørig Hougaard ◽

Kajsa Ugelvig Petersen ◽

Harald William Meyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Sex Ratio ◽

Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽

Birth Outcomes ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Maternal Exposure ◽

Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽

Secondary Sex Ratio

AbstractHuman health effects of airborne lower-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (LC-PCBs) are largely unexplored. Since PCBs may cross the placenta, maternal exposure could potentially have negative consequences for fetal development. We aimed to determine if exposure to airborne PCB during pregnancy was associated with adverse birth outcomes. In this cohort study, exposed women had lived in PCB contaminated apartments at least one year during the 3.6 years before conception or the entire first trimester of pregnancy. The women and their children were followed for birth outcomes in Danish health registers. Logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (OR) for changes in secondary sex ratio, preterm birth, major congenital malformations, cryptorchidism, and being born small for gestational age. We performed linear regression to estimate difference in birth weight among children of exposed and unexposed mothers. All models were adjusted for maternal age, educational level, ethnicity, and calendar time. We identified 885 exposed pregnancies and 3327 unexposed pregnancies. Relative to unexposed women, exposed women had OR 0.97 (95% CI 0.82, 1.15) for secondary sex ratio, OR 1.13 (95% CI 0.76, 1.67) for preterm birth, OR 1.28 (95% CI 0.81, 2.01) for having a child with major malformations, OR 1.73 (95% CI 1.01, 2.95) for cryptorchidism and OR 1.23 (95% CI 0.88, 1.72) for giving birth to a child born small for gestational age. The difference in birth weight for children of exposed compared to unexposed women was − 32 g (95% CI—79, 14). We observed an increased risk of cryptorchidism among boys after maternal airborne LC-PCB exposure, but due to the proxy measure of exposure, inability to perform dose–response analyses, and the lack of comparable literature, larger cohort studies with direct measures of exposure are needed to investigate the safety of airborne LC-PCB exposure during pregnancy

Download Full-text